Unit 4
1.Words
Theater comfortable seat screen close ticket worst cheaply song choose carefully reporter fresh comfortably worse service pretty menu meal creative talent magician beautifully role winner prize everybody example poor seriously give act cheaply comfortably seriously
重点讲解:
1)Comfortable 舒服的,舒适的;安慰的;安逸的;惬意的,愉快的[口语]充足的,丰富的,充裕的安静的,无人打扰的
比较级 more comfortable 最高级 the most comfortable
Eg:We have a comfortable new house.
我们有了一个舒适的新家。
She leads a happy and comfortable life, never lacking for money or friends. 她过着幸福而舒适的生活,从未缺过钱或朋友。
2)Fresh adj. 新鲜的;清新的;淡水的;无经验的
Eg:We feed our dogs on fresh meat.
我们用新鲜的肉喂我们的狗。
I believe in fresh air and exercise for my healthy.
我相信新鲜空气和锻炼对我身体有益。
3)Poor adj. 贫穷的;可怜的;贫乏的
Eg:The poor girl was crying loudly.
可怜的小姑娘嚎啕大哭。
They can not go to school by bus because of poor condition.
因为他们贫乏的条件,他们不能坐汽车去上学。
4)Close adj. 紧密的;亲密的;亲近的
Eg:I'm close with her.
我和她关系密切。
vt. 关;结束;使靠近
vi. 关;结束;关闭
Eg :They have decided to close that branch down.
他们决定把那个分公司关了。
adv. 紧密地
Eg:They keep close touch with me.
他们和我保持密切联系。
n. 结束
Eg:They close the door and go away.
于是他们关上了门离开了。
5)Worse adj. 更坏的;更差的;更恶劣的(bad 的比较级);(病情)更重的(ill 的比较级)adv. 更糟;更坏;更恶劣地;更坏地
Eg :His temper is going from bad to worse these days.
这些日子, 他的脾气愈变愈坏。
Things seem to be going from bad to worse nowadays.
情况似乎越来越糟了。
6)Cheaply adv. 便宜地;廉价地
Eg :How can we serve our customers better and more cheaply? 我们如何才能为客户提供更好、更便宜的服务?
Cheaply----cheap adj
adj. 便宜的;不值钱的
Eg :It is cheap but it is nice.
它是便宜的,但是它是好的。
They are still very cheap, because the production is so big. 他们现在依然非常廉价,因为产量是如此巨大。
7)Choose vt. 选择,决定vi. 选择,挑选
过去式 chose 过去分词 chosen 现在分词 choosing
Eg:Choose your friends carefully.
选择朋友要慎重。
Who was chosen as chairman ?
谁当选为主席了?
8)Role n. 角色作用;任务
Eg:They reappraised the key role of the teacher in the learning process.
他们对教师在教学中的关键作用重新进行了评价。
An unknown actor was penciled in to play the leading role.
一个不知名的演员被匆忙列入计划,扮演主要角色。
短语:
play a role in
在„中起作用;参与„
Eg:He plays a important role in this meeting.
他在这次会议里起了很重要的作用。
play the leading role 起主要(或带头) 作用
play the role(of someone)
扮演(某人的) 角色
2.Phrases
1)So far 迄今为止,到目前为止;就此范围或程度说来
Eg:So far, so good.
迄今为止, 一切顺利。
So far, they appear to be up to the task.
到目前为止,他们表现出承担了这一任务。
①表示“到如此之距离”,可视为far 的加强说明。
eg :My feet are very sore from walking so far. 走了这么远的路,我的脚非常痛。 My mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
我母亲住得那么远,我们很少见到她。
② 表示“到如此之程度或范围”.
eg :I can only help him so far. 我只能帮他到这种程度。
Was it wise to push things so far? 把事情弄到这种地步明智吗?
③表示“到目前为止”“至今”(=until now),注意它所连用的时态:
(1) 若强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在,则谓语动词用现在完成时。
eg :So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。
So far 50 people have died in the fighting. 到现在为止,已有50人在战斗中丧生。 有时还可修饰句中的非谓语动作,虽然此时的谓语不一定要使用现在完成时,但其中的非谓语动词通常可视一个完成时态简化而来的,如下面一句中的非谓语动词found 可视为which have been found的省略:
It is one of the funniest things found on the Internet so far this year.
这是今年互联网上发现的最有意思的事情之一。
(2) 若不强调so far 所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在,则只是侧重描述一种客观现象,则可用一般现在时(谓语动词通常为某些状态动词)。
eg :So far, it is only talk. 至今还只是空谈。
This is likely to be the biggest conference so far.
这很可能是迄今为止规模最大的一次会议了。
(3) 若so far 并非描述谓语动作,而是间接地说明句中的某个名词,此时的句子谓语需要具体语境来使用时态。
eg :She gave us a brief resume of the project so far.
她给了我们一份该项目迄今为止的历程简介。
(句中的so far间接地修饰名词the project)
The new prime minister is facing his toughest political test so far.
新首相正面临迄今为止最为严峻的政治考验。
(句中的so far间接地修饰名词his toughest political test)
(4) 有时用于省略句,句子时态被隐含在语境中。
eg :So far, so good. 到目前为止,一切顺利。
2)Have...in common have ...in common 有共同点; 共有... 在... 方面有共同点 Eg:We have a lot in common.
我们有很多相同之处
have nothing in common 毫无共同之处
Eg:we have nothing in common.
我们没有任何相同之处。
in common 共同的, 相同的
in common with 与„相同
3) kinds of 各种各样的;不同种类的;许多种
Eg:They planted different kinds of flowers in their garden.
他们在花园里种了各种不同的花。
4)Be up to 胜任;该由„负责;轮到„;从事,忙于
Eg:He is not up to his work.他不能胜任他的工作
It is up to you.由你决定。轮到你了。
What are you up to?你在忙什么?
5)Make up 组成;补足;化妆;编造
Eg:The committee is made up of six women.
委员会由六位妇女组成。
Her beauty can't make up for her stupidity.
她的美丽不能弥补她的愚蠢。
It's not true. She made it up.
这不是真实的情况,是她编造出来的。
She made up for the part of an old woman.
她化装扮演一个老妇人。
6)Thanks for doing sth 感谢做某事
Eg:Thanks for doing this.
谢谢你能这么做。
Thanks for the advice, but I have to figure it out myself.
谢谢你的忠告,不过我得自己来考虑这件事情。
7)Think of 记起,想起;考虑;想像;关心
Eg:I can't think of a better place for our party.
我想不出一个更好的聚会的地方。
What are you thinking of?” “I'm thinking of a way to help her.”
“你在想什么? ” “我在想一个帮助她的办法。
think about 考虑(是否去做)
Eg:We will think about your suggestion.
我们会考虑你的建议。
8)Be good at 擅长做某事
Eg:You can’t be good at everything.
你不可能把所有事都做得很好。
It ’s always fun to have an interest and be good at something.
对一些事情有兴趣或是擅长将是非常有趣的。
9)Be good with 灵巧的;与„„相处得好
Eg:She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。
He is very good with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。
be good at/with/to/for的用法
①be good at “擅长„„”,后接名词、代词或ving 形式。
Eg:I’m good at playing chess.
我擅长下象棋。
We should be good at learning from each other. 我们应该善于互相学习。 ②be good with=get on well with“灵巧的;与„„相处得好”。
Eg:He is very good with the children. = He is getting on with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。
③be good /kind /nice to意为“对„„好”。
反义词 be harmful to, do harm to
eg:My friend was good to me when I was ill. 我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。 Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟有害健康。
4)be good for“对„„有好处”。
eg :Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。 区分句型
It ’s good for sb. to do sth.
It ’s good of sb. to do sth.= It’s kind of sb. to do sth.
It's good for your health to drink more water.
It's good for your body to take more exercise.
It ’s good of you to help me.= It’s kind of you to help me.
10)Be interested in 对„„感兴趣
Eg:I am very interested in English.
我对英语很感兴趣。
11)More and more+adj 越来越„„
More and more popular 越来越流行
12)Look for ①寻找,寻求:
Eg:He began to look for a new job immediately after he was fired.
他被解雇后立即开始寻找一份新工作。
To look for a needle in a haystack.
大海捞针。
②期待,指望:
Eg:We never looked for such a surprising result.
我们没有料到结果会如此令人惊讶。
③招惹
Eg:You're looking for trouble if you don't pay your taxes.
如果你不纳税,你是在自找麻烦。
look for,find ,find out
这三个词都有“找”的涵义,但具体用法有别:
1)look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。
eg : —What are you looking for?
你在找什么?
—I'm looking for my bike.
我在找我的自行车。
2)find 意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。
eg :
—Did you find Li Ming yesterday?
你昨天找到李明了吗?
—No ,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him.
没有。我们到处找了,但没有找到他。
3)find out 着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实
Eg : Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。
13)Come true 实现
Eg:I wish your dream come true.
我祝愿你的梦想成真。
3.grammar
1) 形容词副词最高级形式
最高级表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级。形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the ,副词最高级前面的the 可以省略。在含有最高级的句子中,常有一个in/of短语来表示比较范围。
规则变化
单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形
a. 以 辅音字母加-y 结尾的形容词的比较级和最高级是变y 为 i ,+er 或+est构成.happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)
b. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级,是双写该辅音字母然后再+er和+est。
big (原级) bigger (比较级)
c. 多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加more 或most
serious(原级) more serious(比较级) most serious(最高级)
不规则变化
good / well ---better---best
ill /bad/badly--- worse---worst
many / much ---more---most
little ---less ---least
2) 选择疑问句
英语中的选择疑问句结构很简单,就是先把一般疑问句结构写出,然后在其后加上“or + 选择部分”即可,当然其标点也是问号。
eg :Are you a student? (一般疑问句)你是个学生吗?
Are you a student or a teacher? (选择疑问句)你是学生还是老师?
Do you like playing soccer or basketball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球? Can you speak English or Chinese? 你会说英语还是汉语?
选择疑问句的回答不同于一般疑问句,不能用yes/no来回答,而必须选择选项进行回答。
eg :Have you ever been to Beijing or Shanghai?
-----(I‘ve been to) Shanghai.
3) 冠词P116
4) 句子P119
Unit 4
1.Words
Theater comfortable seat screen close ticket worst cheaply song choose carefully reporter fresh comfortably worse service pretty menu meal creative talent magician beautifully role winner prize everybody example poor seriously give act cheaply comfortably seriously
重点讲解:
1)Comfortable 舒服的,舒适的;安慰的;安逸的;惬意的,愉快的[口语]充足的,丰富的,充裕的安静的,无人打扰的
比较级 more comfortable 最高级 the most comfortable
Eg:We have a comfortable new house.
我们有了一个舒适的新家。
She leads a happy and comfortable life, never lacking for money or friends. 她过着幸福而舒适的生活,从未缺过钱或朋友。
2)Fresh adj. 新鲜的;清新的;淡水的;无经验的
Eg:We feed our dogs on fresh meat.
我们用新鲜的肉喂我们的狗。
I believe in fresh air and exercise for my healthy.
我相信新鲜空气和锻炼对我身体有益。
3)Poor adj. 贫穷的;可怜的;贫乏的
Eg:The poor girl was crying loudly.
可怜的小姑娘嚎啕大哭。
They can not go to school by bus because of poor condition.
因为他们贫乏的条件,他们不能坐汽车去上学。
4)Close adj. 紧密的;亲密的;亲近的
Eg:I'm close with her.
我和她关系密切。
vt. 关;结束;使靠近
vi. 关;结束;关闭
Eg :They have decided to close that branch down.
他们决定把那个分公司关了。
adv. 紧密地
Eg:They keep close touch with me.
他们和我保持密切联系。
n. 结束
Eg:They close the door and go away.
于是他们关上了门离开了。
5)Worse adj. 更坏的;更差的;更恶劣的(bad 的比较级);(病情)更重的(ill 的比较级)adv. 更糟;更坏;更恶劣地;更坏地
Eg :His temper is going from bad to worse these days.
这些日子, 他的脾气愈变愈坏。
Things seem to be going from bad to worse nowadays.
情况似乎越来越糟了。
6)Cheaply adv. 便宜地;廉价地
Eg :How can we serve our customers better and more cheaply? 我们如何才能为客户提供更好、更便宜的服务?
Cheaply----cheap adj
adj. 便宜的;不值钱的
Eg :It is cheap but it is nice.
它是便宜的,但是它是好的。
They are still very cheap, because the production is so big. 他们现在依然非常廉价,因为产量是如此巨大。
7)Choose vt. 选择,决定vi. 选择,挑选
过去式 chose 过去分词 chosen 现在分词 choosing
Eg:Choose your friends carefully.
选择朋友要慎重。
Who was chosen as chairman ?
谁当选为主席了?
8)Role n. 角色作用;任务
Eg:They reappraised the key role of the teacher in the learning process.
他们对教师在教学中的关键作用重新进行了评价。
An unknown actor was penciled in to play the leading role.
一个不知名的演员被匆忙列入计划,扮演主要角色。
短语:
play a role in
在„中起作用;参与„
Eg:He plays a important role in this meeting.
他在这次会议里起了很重要的作用。
play the leading role 起主要(或带头) 作用
play the role(of someone)
扮演(某人的) 角色
2.Phrases
1)So far 迄今为止,到目前为止;就此范围或程度说来
Eg:So far, so good.
迄今为止, 一切顺利。
So far, they appear to be up to the task.
到目前为止,他们表现出承担了这一任务。
①表示“到如此之距离”,可视为far 的加强说明。
eg :My feet are very sore from walking so far. 走了这么远的路,我的脚非常痛。 My mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.
我母亲住得那么远,我们很少见到她。
② 表示“到如此之程度或范围”.
eg :I can only help him so far. 我只能帮他到这种程度。
Was it wise to push things so far? 把事情弄到这种地步明智吗?
③表示“到目前为止”“至今”(=until now),注意它所连用的时态:
(1) 若强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在,则谓语动词用现在完成时。
eg :So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。
So far 50 people have died in the fighting. 到现在为止,已有50人在战斗中丧生。 有时还可修饰句中的非谓语动作,虽然此时的谓语不一定要使用现在完成时,但其中的非谓语动词通常可视一个完成时态简化而来的,如下面一句中的非谓语动词found 可视为which have been found的省略:
It is one of the funniest things found on the Internet so far this year.
这是今年互联网上发现的最有意思的事情之一。
(2) 若不强调so far 所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在,则只是侧重描述一种客观现象,则可用一般现在时(谓语动词通常为某些状态动词)。
eg :So far, it is only talk. 至今还只是空谈。
This is likely to be the biggest conference so far.
这很可能是迄今为止规模最大的一次会议了。
(3) 若so far 并非描述谓语动作,而是间接地说明句中的某个名词,此时的句子谓语需要具体语境来使用时态。
eg :She gave us a brief resume of the project so far.
她给了我们一份该项目迄今为止的历程简介。
(句中的so far间接地修饰名词the project)
The new prime minister is facing his toughest political test so far.
新首相正面临迄今为止最为严峻的政治考验。
(句中的so far间接地修饰名词his toughest political test)
(4) 有时用于省略句,句子时态被隐含在语境中。
eg :So far, so good. 到目前为止,一切顺利。
2)Have...in common have ...in common 有共同点; 共有... 在... 方面有共同点 Eg:We have a lot in common.
我们有很多相同之处
have nothing in common 毫无共同之处
Eg:we have nothing in common.
我们没有任何相同之处。
in common 共同的, 相同的
in common with 与„相同
3) kinds of 各种各样的;不同种类的;许多种
Eg:They planted different kinds of flowers in their garden.
他们在花园里种了各种不同的花。
4)Be up to 胜任;该由„负责;轮到„;从事,忙于
Eg:He is not up to his work.他不能胜任他的工作
It is up to you.由你决定。轮到你了。
What are you up to?你在忙什么?
5)Make up 组成;补足;化妆;编造
Eg:The committee is made up of six women.
委员会由六位妇女组成。
Her beauty can't make up for her stupidity.
她的美丽不能弥补她的愚蠢。
It's not true. She made it up.
这不是真实的情况,是她编造出来的。
She made up for the part of an old woman.
她化装扮演一个老妇人。
6)Thanks for doing sth 感谢做某事
Eg:Thanks for doing this.
谢谢你能这么做。
Thanks for the advice, but I have to figure it out myself.
谢谢你的忠告,不过我得自己来考虑这件事情。
7)Think of 记起,想起;考虑;想像;关心
Eg:I can't think of a better place for our party.
我想不出一个更好的聚会的地方。
What are you thinking of?” “I'm thinking of a way to help her.”
“你在想什么? ” “我在想一个帮助她的办法。
think about 考虑(是否去做)
Eg:We will think about your suggestion.
我们会考虑你的建议。
8)Be good at 擅长做某事
Eg:You can’t be good at everything.
你不可能把所有事都做得很好。
It ’s always fun to have an interest and be good at something.
对一些事情有兴趣或是擅长将是非常有趣的。
9)Be good with 灵巧的;与„„相处得好
Eg:She is good with her hands. 她手很巧。
He is very good with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。
be good at/with/to/for的用法
①be good at “擅长„„”,后接名词、代词或ving 形式。
Eg:I’m good at playing chess.
我擅长下象棋。
We should be good at learning from each other. 我们应该善于互相学习。 ②be good with=get on well with“灵巧的;与„„相处得好”。
Eg:He is very good with the children. = He is getting on with the children. 他与这些孩子处得很好。
③be good /kind /nice to意为“对„„好”。
反义词 be harmful to, do harm to
eg:My friend was good to me when I was ill. 我生病时我的朋友对我关怀备至。 Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟有害健康。
4)be good for“对„„有好处”。
eg :Eating more vegetables is good for your health. 多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。 区分句型
It ’s good for sb. to do sth.
It ’s good of sb. to do sth.= It’s kind of sb. to do sth.
It's good for your health to drink more water.
It's good for your body to take more exercise.
It ’s good of you to help me.= It’s kind of you to help me.
10)Be interested in 对„„感兴趣
Eg:I am very interested in English.
我对英语很感兴趣。
11)More and more+adj 越来越„„
More and more popular 越来越流行
12)Look for ①寻找,寻求:
Eg:He began to look for a new job immediately after he was fired.
他被解雇后立即开始寻找一份新工作。
To look for a needle in a haystack.
大海捞针。
②期待,指望:
Eg:We never looked for such a surprising result.
我们没有料到结果会如此令人惊讶。
③招惹
Eg:You're looking for trouble if you don't pay your taxes.
如果你不纳税,你是在自找麻烦。
look for,find ,find out
这三个词都有“找”的涵义,但具体用法有别:
1)look for意为“寻找”,是有目的地找,强调“寻找”这一动作。
eg : —What are you looking for?
你在找什么?
—I'm looking for my bike.
我在找我的自行车。
2)find 意为“找到”“发现”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。
eg :
—Did you find Li Ming yesterday?
你昨天找到李明了吗?
—No ,we looked for him everywhere,but didn't find him.
没有。我们到处找了,但没有找到他。
3)find out 着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情,其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实
Eg : Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。
13)Come true 实现
Eg:I wish your dream come true.
我祝愿你的梦想成真。
3.grammar
1) 形容词副词最高级形式
最高级表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级。形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the ,副词最高级前面的the 可以省略。在含有最高级的句子中,常有一个in/of短语来表示比较范围。
规则变化
单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形
a. 以 辅音字母加-y 结尾的形容词的比较级和最高级是变y 为 i ,+er 或+est构成.happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级)
b. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级,是双写该辅音字母然后再+er和+est。
big (原级) bigger (比较级)
c. 多音节词和部分双音节词,在词前加more 或most
serious(原级) more serious(比较级) most serious(最高级)
不规则变化
good / well ---better---best
ill /bad/badly--- worse---worst
many / much ---more---most
little ---less ---least
2) 选择疑问句
英语中的选择疑问句结构很简单,就是先把一般疑问句结构写出,然后在其后加上“or + 选择部分”即可,当然其标点也是问号。
eg :Are you a student? (一般疑问句)你是个学生吗?
Are you a student or a teacher? (选择疑问句)你是学生还是老师?
Do you like playing soccer or basketball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球? Can you speak English or Chinese? 你会说英语还是汉语?
选择疑问句的回答不同于一般疑问句,不能用yes/no来回答,而必须选择选项进行回答。
eg :Have you ever been to Beijing or Shanghai?
-----(I‘ve been to) Shanghai.
3) 冠词P116
4) 句子P119