实验一 信息的概念认识
一、实验目的:
认识信息、了解信息概念的变迁,区分信息与数据、信息与情报、信息与消息、信息与知识
二、实验要求:实验结果以书面形式提交,字数:≥1500字左右
三、实验学时:2
四、主要内容:
(1)为什么要把1948年作为分析信息概念含义的分水岭?(并对《控制论》和《信息论》做一个简介)
(2)1948年之前信息概念在中文中的应用(找出下列八句话的出处,并分析信息一词在汉语中的应用)
①诸葛恪围合肥新城,城中遣士刘整出围传消息。王子俭期曰:‘正数欲来, 信息甚大。’
②梦断美人沈信息,目穿长路倚楼台。
③辰州更在武陵西,每望长安信息希。
④丈夫田忠上京控告,至今杳无信息。
⑤一从卢郎征西,杳无信息,不知彼中征战若何。
⑥辽又曰:但知玄德信息,虽远必往。
⑦话说王夫人听见邢夫人来了,连忙迎了出去,邢夫人犹不知贾母已知鸳鸯之事,正还又来打听信息,进了院门。
⑧老栓,就是运气了你!你运气,要不是我信息灵……。
(3)1948年之前信息概念在英文中的应用(找出下列六句话的出处) 一般都认为英语information一词来源于古拉丁语informare,奥地利学者卡普罗经过考察后说,在拉丁语informare出现的同时,还有一个拉丁词informatio存在。从十二到十七世纪的古英语之后,在information正式出现之前,informatiou在英语中曾经表现为informacioun,informatyoun,informacion,informacyon和informatiod等形式。
① The counsell having ..... taken sufficient tryall
and information of the supplicant.
② Letters purcheist ..... upone the sinister informatioun of James Leslie.
③ These false informations, which I afterwards came to the knowledge of, by an accident not proper to mention, made Flimnap
the Treasurer shew his Lady for some time an ill countenance, and me a worse.
④ Out of gratitude for the favours you have done me, I procured information of the whole proceedings, and a copy of the articles, wherein I venture my head for your service.
⑤ Consequently when σ2, the estimate based on the mean square, is known, a value of σ1, the estimate based on the mean deviation, gives no additional information as to the true value .It is shown that the same proposition is true if any other estimate is
substituted for σ1, and consequently that the whole of the information respecting the variance which a samle provides is summed up in the single estimate σ2.
⑥ As commonly used, information is a very elastic term, and it will first be necessary to set up for it a more specific meaning as applied to the present discussion.
(4)理解信息与数据、信息与情报、信息与消息、信息与知识等
实验一 信息的概念认识
一、实验目的:
认识信息、了解信息概念的变迁,区分信息与数据、信息与情报、信息与消息、信息与知识
二、实验要求:实验结果以书面形式提交,字数:≥1500字左右
三、实验学时:2
四、主要内容:
(1)为什么要把1948年作为分析信息概念含义的分水岭?(并对《控制论》和《信息论》做一个简介)
(2)1948年之前信息概念在中文中的应用(找出下列八句话的出处,并分析信息一词在汉语中的应用)
①诸葛恪围合肥新城,城中遣士刘整出围传消息。王子俭期曰:‘正数欲来, 信息甚大。’
②梦断美人沈信息,目穿长路倚楼台。
③辰州更在武陵西,每望长安信息希。
④丈夫田忠上京控告,至今杳无信息。
⑤一从卢郎征西,杳无信息,不知彼中征战若何。
⑥辽又曰:但知玄德信息,虽远必往。
⑦话说王夫人听见邢夫人来了,连忙迎了出去,邢夫人犹不知贾母已知鸳鸯之事,正还又来打听信息,进了院门。
⑧老栓,就是运气了你!你运气,要不是我信息灵……。
(3)1948年之前信息概念在英文中的应用(找出下列六句话的出处) 一般都认为英语information一词来源于古拉丁语informare,奥地利学者卡普罗经过考察后说,在拉丁语informare出现的同时,还有一个拉丁词informatio存在。从十二到十七世纪的古英语之后,在information正式出现之前,informatiou在英语中曾经表现为informacioun,informatyoun,informacion,informacyon和informatiod等形式。
① The counsell having ..... taken sufficient tryall
and information of the supplicant.
② Letters purcheist ..... upone the sinister informatioun of James Leslie.
③ These false informations, which I afterwards came to the knowledge of, by an accident not proper to mention, made Flimnap
the Treasurer shew his Lady for some time an ill countenance, and me a worse.
④ Out of gratitude for the favours you have done me, I procured information of the whole proceedings, and a copy of the articles, wherein I venture my head for your service.
⑤ Consequently when σ2, the estimate based on the mean square, is known, a value of σ1, the estimate based on the mean deviation, gives no additional information as to the true value .It is shown that the same proposition is true if any other estimate is
substituted for σ1, and consequently that the whole of the information respecting the variance which a samle provides is summed up in the single estimate σ2.
⑥ As commonly used, information is a very elastic term, and it will first be necessary to set up for it a more specific meaning as applied to the present discussion.
(4)理解信息与数据、信息与情报、信息与消息、信息与知识等