学科教师辅导讲义
考纲解读：
1. 情态动词的意义和用法，包括 can/ could, may, must ,will, shall, need
等
2.情态动词表示推断，判断的用法
基础知识清单
本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，后面接动词原形，共同构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。
情态动词没有人称和数的变化。常用的情态动词有can/could，may/might ，must ，need, should , shall 等。
情态动词的用法
1）can 的用法
（1）表示―能力‖（现在或将来）。
She can swim.
她会游泳。
Can you drive a car?
你会开小轿车吗？
练习
1. --- Where's Mr. Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.
--- You________ find him. He________ Japan. （黑龙江）
A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to
2. --- Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?
--- Sorry. It________ in such a short time. （山东威海）
A. may do B. can't be done C. must do D. needn't be done
3. I have my own room in my house, so I_______ do what I want in it. （江西）
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
（2） 表“可能”性
Accidents can happen in rainy days. ( 客观的可能性)
Lihua can ‘t be in the classroom
练习
1. --- Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?
--- No, it ________ be him. Mr. Li is much taller. （河北）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
2. --- Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who ________ it be? Is it Wei Fang?
--- No. It ________ be her. She is at school now. （重庆市）
A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't
（3）be able to 可以代替can, 但can 更常用。另外，由于can 只有两种形式can, could，而be able to有将来时形式，现在时和过去时形式。
如： I will be able to drive a car in a month .
I was able to ride a bike when I was ten.
即学即练：
(2009 北京) —________ you swim?
— Yes, but I am not a good swimmer.
A Can B May C need D must
（2009， 重庆）—Can you play the piano?
—Yes, I _____. I often practice it on weekends.
A needn‘t B need C can‘t D can
(2009,苏州) It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _______ be rather cold sometimes.
A must B can C should D needn‘t
2）could 的用法
（1）could 作为的can 过去式，表示过去的―一般能力‖：
When we went into the house, we could see a picture.
当我们走近教室的时候，我们能看到一副画。
注：①could 不能用来表达过去某种―具体的能力‖，即在某一场合做某事的―能力‖，此时需要用was able to，managed to等：
How many eggs were you able to get?
你能弄到多少个鸡蛋？（不能说---could you get？）
②但是couldn't 既可用来表达―一般的能力‖，又可用来表达某一具体的能力。
My father couldn't swim.我爸爸不会游泳。
We tried but we couldn't pass the exam.
我们尽了最大努力，但仍不能通过考试。
We couldn't get the truck to start.
我们发动不了这辆卡车。
（2）表示―恳请‖、―请求‖，语气比用can 更委婉客气，could 这种用法并不是表示过去，而是代替can 用于现在：
Could you show me the way to the park?
你能告诉我去公园的路吗？
Could you tell me who she is ?
你能告诉我她究竟是谁？
（3）可以表示现在或将来实际发生的可能性，或表示过去的‖可能―：
The phone is ringing. It could be Tom.
电话响了，可能是Tom.
I don't know when they'll come. They could arrive at any time.
我不知道他们什么时候会来，他们随时都会到达。
练习：
1.______ she ride when she was three years old? (2008,广东)
A Can B Could C Need D May
2.--- Could I look at your pictures?
--- Yes, of course you________. （武汉）
A. could B. can C. will D. might
3.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should （北京市海淀区）
3）may 的用法
（1）表示征求意见或许可，这时可以与can 互换使用。用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中。 May I borrow it, please?
请问我可以借用一下它吗？
May I come in?
我可以进来吗？
May （Can ） I help you ?
我可以帮助你吗？
注：1表示允许某人做某事时，只能用can 和may ，不能用could 或might ：
—Could I use your bike？
—Yes, of course you can.
－我可以用一用你的自行车吗？
—当然可以。（不能说--of course you could.）
2 may 和might 仅仅是在正式场合用来要求许可或给予许可，在较为非正式的文体中，通常用can 和could 。
如：may I ask you a question?
（2）表示推测意为―可能‖、―也许‖，这时只用于肯定句或否定句中。
He may come or he may not.
他可能来也可能不来。
You may walk ten miles without seeing a house.
你可能走十几里而见不到一间房子。
(3)表示祝愿。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
即学即练
（2009，河北）—Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?
—I‘m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ________ know.
A can B may C need D shall
（2009，济南）— Who ‘s that girl swimming in the poor? Is it Lucy?
—It_______ be Lucy. She is sleeping in her bedroom now.
A may B can‘t C might D should
(2009，成都) — what would you send to your sister as the Christmas gift?
— I haven‘t decided yet. I ____ send her a handbag.
A shall B may C must
(2009，湖北) I thought you ________ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A may B must C might D can
can 和may 辨析
can 和may 均可表示许可，可能性，主要区别有：
1、在肯定句中may 表示的― 许可‖通常是指说话人给予的;
can 则表示客观情况―许可‖。如：
(1) You may smoke in the room.( = You're permitted by me to smoke in the room.)
你可以在屋里抽烟。( = 我允许你在屋里抽烟 )
(2) You can go now, as all the work has been finished.所有工作都已干完，你现在可以走了。
2、―May I ...?‖征询对方许可，在文体上比较正式，语气上比较客气。但在口语中Can I ...?征询对方
许可在现代英语中更为常见，特别是在熟人中使用。
3、用may 表示 可能/推测，通常只用于肯定句/否定句中，在疑问句中通常用can. 如：
-- Can they have missed the bus ?他们可能错过这班车了。
-- Yes, they may have.是的，他们可能已错过。
4、may 表示可能性，否定式用may not 表示―或许‖或―可能‖如：
Xiao Yang may know his address.小杨可能知道他的地址。
I took the umbrella with me because I thought it might rain.我带了把伞，因为我想可能要下雨。 It may not be true.这或许不是真的。
5、can 表示可能性用于否定句和疑问句， can 的可能性比may 的可能性要更大一些。如： That can't be true.那不能是真的。
注意：can ’t 翻译为 “不可能” ，may not 可能不
随堂练习
1. —May I put my bike here?
—No ， you _______ .You should put it over there.（北京市）
A. couldn‘t B. needn‘t C. mustn‘t D. won‘t
2.Excuse me. Read the text louder， please. I _______ hear you.（河北省）
A. can‘t B. wouldn‘t C. needn‘t D. may not
3. —May I use your dictionary?
—_______.（武汉市）
A. Of course not B. You may， if you like C. No， I don‘t mind D. It doesn‘t matter
4. —_______ I have your name， please?
—Yes ， Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L.（北京市东城区）
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
4）might 的用法
（1）may 的过去时，表示―也许‖―可能‖,一般用于从句中：
He told me that our school might hold a sports meeting next week.
他告诉我我们学校下星期可能举行运动会。
She asked if she might come in .
她问是否可以进来。
（2）代替may ，表示可以做的事或可能发生的事。在这种情况下，may 和might 无时间上的差别，只是更客气或更婉转些：
Might I ask you for some help?帮帮忙，好吗？
5）must 的用法
（1）表示必须，用来发出有力的劝告、建议或命令：
I must go now, or I will be late.
我必须要走了，不然我就迟到了。
She is so nice person, you must meet her.
她是这么好的一个人，你应该见见她。
注：在否定句中，表示―没有义务‖，用needn't 或don't have to ，不用mustn't 。
mustn't 用来告诉人们不要做某些事, 意为―禁止‖。
Must I come to school early every day?
No, you needn't.
我必须 每天都早到校吗？
不，不必。
随堂练习
1. —Shall I tell Bob the news?
— No, you ______. I have told him already. (2009,天津)
A shouldn‘t B wouldn‘t C mustn‘t D needn‘t
2. ---another cup of tea？
---No, thanks. I______ be off. Mary is waiting for me.(2009,绍兴)
A can B may C must D might
3. --- May I go to the cinema, Mum?
--- Certainly. But you ________ be back by 11 o'clock. （安徽）
A. can B. may C. must D. need
4. --- SARS is such a terrible disease.
--- Yes, it is. We ________ be more careful. （浙江嘉兴）
A. can B. may C. must D. need
用can （could ），may （might ），must 填充。
1. When I was young，I_____ run very fast．
2. What _____ I do for you，Li Hat？
3. I wonder where Ann is．She _________ be with Dick，I think．
4. A：That pen _______ be his．
B ：No ，it _______（not ）be his．
5. Could I use your phone？Yes ，of course you _________.
have to与 must 的区别：
①must 表示说话人的主观意图，have to 表达客观事实，不用来表达个人色彩。
②must 仅用于表示现在和将来的义务，讲述过去，要用had to, have to 可以用所有的时态形式。 I had to go to the hospital.
Have you ever had to go to the hospital?
但是，在间接引语中，must 就像过去时一样，用在引出间接引语的动词过去式之后：
I decided I must stop smoking. 我决心一定要戒烟。
用have to / must填空
You __________ finish the work today.
My father __________ work when he was ten years old.
③如果你确定不了，通常用have to 更有把握。
（2）表示推测
must 表示推测只用于肯定句中其可能性比may 要大；在否定句中，应用can't 。
He must be mad.
他一定是疯了。
随堂练习
(1) They ______ work very hard when they were young.
A. had to B. must C. should D. have to
(2) You______ jump onto a bus while it is moving. It‘s too dangerous.
A may not B mustn‘t C may D must
6）need 的用法
need 作为实意动词常比作为情态动词用得多。作为情态动词，它具有情态动词的一切特点，主要用于否定句和疑问句，一般不用于肯定句。在肯定句中，need 用作实意动词：
You needn't come so early.
你不需要来这么早。
Need I go home late?
我需要晚回家吗？
They need to stay with us.
他们需要和我们呆在一起。
随堂练习
(1) — where is my umbrella?
— It ‘s fine today. You _____ take an umbrella with you.(2006，新疆)
A can‘t B needn‘t C mustn‘t D shouldn‘t
(2)— Can you play the piano?
— Yes, I ________. I often practice it on weekends.
A needn‘t B need C can‘t D can
7. had better
表示" 最好" ，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。例如：
It is rather cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。
She'd better not play with the dog. 她最好不要玩耍那条狗。
had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为" 本来应该（最好）" 。例如：
You had better have come earlier. 你本该来得早一点。
8. shall（should ） 的用法
1. shall 用于第一人称表示征求意见，询问。如：
Shall I open the window ?
Shall we have lunch here ?
2. should 常用来表示义务，责任 。 如：
We should obey the school rules.
9. will( would)的用法
1. will 用于第二人称表示询问，请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”，如：
Will you pass me the book?
I will do anything for you .
2.would 用来表示过去的意愿 或 委婉询问
I told him I would help him
Would you tell me more about your country?
注意：1）would like；would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。例如：
Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗？
2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any 。例如：
Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。
3）否定结构中用will ，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗？
would rather 表示" 宁愿"
would rather（not ）do……
would rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿。例如：
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 我宁愿呆在这儿，而不愿回家。
练习:
(1). When he was there, he _______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
(2). It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. can B. will C. may D. shall
(3). How _______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article?
A. can B. must C. need D. may
(4)—I hear you‘ve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _______ I have a look?
—Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
(5). —Are you coming to Jeff‘s party?
—I‘m not sure. I _______ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
(6). A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can C. must D. will
真题解析
011山东菏泽】34. —Will you stay for some more days?
—Sorry, I_____. My mother called to ask me to go back at once.
A. mustn‘t
答案：C
【解析】情态动词表推测。句意：－你再呆几天好吗？－对不起，我不能，我的母亲打电话让我马上回去。Mustn ‘t 禁止；may not可能不；wouldn ‘t 不愿做„„，将要不„„。故选C 。
【2011山东枣庄】25. You ______ wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.
A. can‘t
答案：D
【解析】 D 考查情态动词的用法。根据句意：爬山的时候你不得不穿运动鞋。前三个选项句意不通顺，故选D 。
【2011山东滨州】31. – Must I get up early tomorrow morning?
– No, _________.
A. you mustn‘t
C. you can‘t
答案：B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。情态动词must 引导的一般疑问句的否定答语为“No, sb. needn‘t./ No, sb. don ‘t have to .”故选B 。
【浙江湖州】 23. — Who ‘s singing in the next room?
— It ____ be her . She has gone to New York.
A. can‘t
答案：A
【解析】考查情态动词表推测。表示否定推测时，用can ‘t ，意为“一定不„„”。must 表示推测时，意为“一定„„”，用于肯定句；根据答语“她已经去了纽约”可知是否定推测，故选A 。
【2011山东泰安】38. —Must I learn all these words by heart?
—No, you ______. It‘ll be fine if you copy them in your exercise books.
A. needn‘t
答案：A
【解析】情态动词的用法。由must 引导的问句，否定回答用needn ‘t 。句意是“我必须都要记住这 B. can‘t C. shouldn‘t D. mustn‘t B. must C. shouldn‘t D. can B. I don‘t think you have to B. shouldn‘t C. mustn‘t D. have to B. may not C. can‘t D. wouldn‘t D. you need
些单词吗”“不用，只要你抄在练习本上就可以了”。
34. 【2011·福州中考】— Mom, must I finish my homework now?
— No, you ______. You may have supper first.
A. mustn‘t
答案：B
【解析】选B 。考查情态动词的用法。对must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答时常用No, …needn‘t.由句意：－妈妈，我现在必须完成家庭作业？－不，你不需要。你可以先吃饭。故选B 。
【2011浙江杭州】22. －Will the new iphone cost a lot?
－I ______ think so. Apple‘s products are usually expensive.
A. shouldn‘t
答案：C
【解析】情态动词的用法。由“Apple's products are usually expensive.”可推断“我也认为花费多”。I would think so. 意思是“我以前就这么认为”。故选C 。
【2011浙江金华】22. — Must we clean the classroom now?
— No, you needn't. It _____ after school.
A. may clean
答案：D
【解析】考查情态动词及被动语态的用法。由句意可知it 指classroom ，it 和clean 为被动关系，所以用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”。排除A 和B 。need 意为“需要”，can 意为“可能，可以”。由句意“—我们必须现在就打扫教室吗？—不，不必要。可以放学打扫”可知。故选D 。
【江西省2011】31. The work is too hard for him. He__________ finish it on time.
A. can't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词的考察 句意为“这工作对他来说太难。他不可能按时完成”。 can't 用在否定句中表示“不可能”； mustn't “绝对不能，禁止”； shouldn't “不应该”needn't “不必”
【2011湖南怀化】27. This dictionary______ Tom's. It has Ann's name on it
A. might be B. may he
答案：C C. can't be B. must clean C. need be cleaned D. can be cleaned B. needn‘t C. would D. Must B. needn‘t C. can‘t
【解析】情态动词。根据句意：上面有安的名字。推断出前一句应该是，这本字典不可能是汤姆的。选C 。
【2011湖北黄冈】41. —Whose T - shirt is this?
—It______ be John' s. It ‗s ______ small for him.
A. can't; much too B, can't; too much C. mustn't; much too D. mustn't; too much
答案：A
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据句意“它不可能是约翰的，对他来说太小了。”故排除C 、D ，“too much ”为“太多”的意思，“much too”为“太”。故选A 。
【2011安徽】33. -- May I go out now, Dad?
A. can B. may C. need D. must
答案：D
【解析】选D 。考查情态动词词义。由答句中“不”，表示语气要求很坚决，应该是“必须”。
【2011•铜仁】26. — _______ we clean the classroom at once?
— No, you _______. You _______ clean it after school.
A. Must; needn‘t; may B. Must; mustn‘t; can. C. Shall; can‘t; must D. Need; mustn‘t; may
答案：A
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据前后句意可推断对方在询问“我必须马上打扫教室吗？”。而must 引导的一般疑问句否定回答时用needn't 。故选A.
【真题考场】
1、【2011江苏宿迁】15. You look quite tired. You‘d better ______ a good rest.
A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having
2、【2011•四川南充】34. —Another cup of tea?
—No, thanks. I_______ be off. Gina is waiting for me.
A. can B . must C . may
3、【2011四川宜宾】33. —________ I smoke here?
—No. You are not allowed to smoke in public places.
A. Could B. Must C. May D. Might
4、【2011四川资阳】26. —Hey, Ted! You _______ never play in the street. It‘s not safe.
—Sorry, Mum. I won‘t again.
A. need B. must C. can D. may
5、【2011乌鲁木齐】24. —Must I return the hook tomorrow morning? —No, you _ .You can keep it longer.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't
6、【2011福建莆田】( ) 31. —Do you know the song Come on, Haixi!—Yes, and I _________sing it well.
A. must B. can C. need
7、【2011广东深圳】8. — Must I return the book this week?
— it for 20 days.
A. mustn't: keep B. needn't; borrow C. needn't; keep D. mustn't; borrow
8、【2011广西南宁市】35. —Look at the sign!
—Oh, I see. We _______ waste water.
A. can B. must C. mustn‘t D. needn‘t
9、【2011梧州】37. — _ I use your eraser, Rose?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Would C. Need D. Must
10、【2011湖南湘西】31. —Can I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, you _______.
A. Can B. must C. should
11、【2011山东济宁】21. ---Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
---I‘m afraid I ______. I have to look after my sister.
A. wouldn‘t B. can‘t C. won‘t D. mustn‘t
12、【2011四川乐山】24. It rained heavily, so we _______ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day.
A. could B. had to C. must
13、【2011浙江宁波】28. — May I take the magazine out of the reading room?
— No, you can‘t. You _________ read it here. It‘s the rule.
A. must B. would C. may D. might
14、【2011•四川广元】7. —Be quiet, Mr Smith is coming.
—Don‘t worry. It ＿＿＿ be him. Mr Smith is much taller.
A. mustn‘t B. must C. can‘t
15、【2011•广西柳州】39. —How long may I keep the book?
—You ________ keep it for two weeks.
A. may B. must C. will
16、【2011湖南益阳】28. — Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon?
—A. may B. have to C. can
17、【2011·南京】8. –Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _____ be joking!
–I‘m serious. It‘s made of silk.
A. must B. need C. may D. can
18、【2011山东威海】31. —Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
—Not yet. We _________go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.
A. may B. should C. need D. must
19、【2011四川内江】38. —Must I be home before eight o'clock, Mum?
— No, you _____. But you have to come back before ten o'clock.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't
20、【2011江苏淮安】3. —_________ I borrow your history book?
—Sure. Here you are.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will
21、【2011温州】7. —Dad ，can I go to the movies tonight?
--Sure ，but you__come back home before 9 o‘clock.
A.can B.must C.may D.might
22、【2011浙江衢州】29. Drunk driving is against the law now. It ______be forbidden.
A. may B. must C. can D. might
23、【2011 山东烟台】39. .—I think the man over there must be Bob.
-- It _______ be him. He has ______ to Australia.
A. can‘t, gone B. can‘t, been C. may not, been D. mustn‘t, gone
24、【2011山东】25.
- Can I skate on the lake now? - No, you ______. It‘s dangerous.
A. can‘t B. mustn‘t C. needn‘t D. won‘t
25、【2011湖北荆州】 24. —Whose T-shirt is this?
—It be John‘s. It‘s much too small for him.
A. may B. must C. can‘t D. shouldn‘t
【答案解析】
1、【2011江苏宿迁】15. You look quite tired. You‘d better ______ a good rest.
A. stop to have
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查had better的用法。had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组，had better"最好" ，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。故选A
2、【2011•四川南充】34. —Another cup of tea?
—No, thanks. I_______ be off. Gina is waiting for me.
A. can B . must C . may
. 答案：B
【解析】考查情态动词。can 能; may可以 ；must 必须。句意：...... 我必须要走有了，Gina 在等着我。
3、【2011四川宜宾】33. —________ I smoke here?
—No. You are not allowed to smoke in public places.
A. Could B. Must C. May D. Might
答案：C
【解析】C 考查情态动词的习惯用法，May 表示请求对方的建议，根据句意：我可以在这抽烟吗？不行，公共场合抽烟不许抽烟。故选C 。
4、【2011四川资阳】26. —Hey, Ted! You _______ never play in the street. It‘s not safe.
—Sorry, Mum. I won‘t again.
A. need B. must C. can D. may
答案：B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。need ―需要‖must ―必须‖；can ―能够‖；may ―可以‖。句意为―你好，泰德。你必须永远不要在街上玩耍，不安全‖―对不起，我不会再那样做了，妈妈‖。故选B 。
5、【2011乌鲁木齐】24. —Must I return the hook tomorrow morning? —No, you _ .You can keep it longer.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't
【答案】C
【解析】情态动词的考察 回答以must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes ，Sb. must . ―是的，……必须‖ 否定回答用No ，Sb. needn‘t―不，……不必‖
6、【2011福建莆田】( ) 31. —Do you know the song Come on, Haixi!—Yes, and I _________sing B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having
it well.
A. must B. can C. need
答案B
【解析】情态动词的考查。Must 意为“必须”，can 能够；need 需要，根据句意应该是“能够”。
7、【2011广东深圳】8. — Must I return the book this week?
— it for 20 days.
A. mustn't: keep B. needn't; borrow C. needn't; keep D. mustn't; borrow
答案：C
【解析】must 回答与延续性动词的用法。Must 开头的一般疑问句的否定回答用“„„needn‘t”, 由答语for 短语指一段时间，故用延续性动词，borrow 为短暂性动词，要换成延续性动词keep 。
8、【2011广西南宁市】35. —Look at the sign!
—Oh, I see. We _______ waste water.
A. can B. must C. mustn‘t D. needn‘t
35. 答案：C
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据标志可知为禁止浪费水的标志。表示禁止命令用must. 因此选C 。
9、【2011梧州】37. — _ I use your eraser, Rose?
— Sure. Here you are.
B. May B. Would C. Need D. Must
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词的考察 此处是“我能用一下你的橡皮吗？”用may 语气委婉。
10、【2011湖南湘西】31. —Can I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, you _______.
A. Can B. must C. should
答案：A
【解析】考查情态动词 上句用can 问，再用can 进行回答，构成进行时用“be + 现在分词”，所以选择答案A.
11、【2011山东济宁】21. ---Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
---I‘m afraid I ______. I have to look after my sister.
A. wouldn‘t B. can‘t
答案：B C. won‘t D. mustn‘t
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据答语句意“I have to look after my sister.”可知是去不了的，故选B 。
12、【2011四川乐山】24. It rained heavily, so we _______ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day.
A. could
答案：B
【解析】词语辨析。句意“雨下的很大，我们必须待在家里看电视或上网”。had to表示客观原因（下雨）而引起的必须干某事，must 强调主观原因。could 表示有能力干某事，与文意不相干。
13、【2011浙江宁波】28. — May I take the magazine out of the reading room?
— No, you can‘t. You _________ read it here. It‘s the rule.
A. must
答案：A
【解析】情态动词词义辨析。must 必须；would 将要；may 也许；might 可以。根据句意，我可以把杂志带出阅览室吗？不可以。你必须在这儿读它。这是规则。故选A 。
14、【2011•四川广元】7. —Be quiet, Mr Smith is coming.
—Don‘t worry. It ＿＿＿ be him. Mr Smith is much taller.
A. mustn‘t B. must C. can‘t
答案：C
【解析】情态动词的用法。mustn‘t指不允许，表示禁止；must 必须；应该，表猜测时，用于肯定句，意为―一定‖，可能性较大；can 能，会，表猜测时，常用于否定句和疑问句，意为―不可能‖；依据句意―安静，史密斯先生来了。‖―不要担心，不可能是他，史密斯先生高得多。‖，这里表是否定的猜测，故选C 。
15、【2011•广西柳州】39. —How long may I keep the book?
—You ________ keep it for two weeks.
A. may B. must C. will
答案A
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。根据句意：我可以借这本书多久？你可以借两周。B ，C 两项译成汉语不通顺，故选A 。
16、【2011湖南益阳】28. — Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon?
—A. may B. have to C. can
B. had to C. must B. would C. may D. might
答案：B
【解析】情态动词的考查。May 意为“可以”；can 意为“能够”，have to 意为“不得不”，根据句意可知“我不得不为考试而学习”。
17、【2011·南京】8. –Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _____ be joking!
–I‘m serious. It‘s made of silk.
A. must B. need C. may D. can
8. 答案:A
解析:情景对话。理解句意，你一定在开玩笑。must 意为：一定，故选A 项。
18、【2011山东威海】31. —Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
—Not yet. We _________go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.
A. may B. should C. need D. must
答案：A
【解析】情态动词辨析。may 意为“可能；可以”，表示猜测时，把握性不大；should 意为“应该”；need 指“需要”；must 为“必须；可能；一定”，表猜测时把握性较大。由答语句意“还没定下来”和“（青岛）是个度假的好地方”可知为“可能”，故选A 。
19、【2011四川内江】38. —Must I be home before eight o'clock, Mum?
— No, you _____. But you have to come back before ten o'clock.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't
答案：A
【解析】情态动词。must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答是needn‘t或d on‘t have to,意为“不需要”。故选A 。
20、【2011江苏淮安】3. —_________ I borrow your history book?
—Sure. Here you are.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will
答案：B
【解析】情态动词辨析。must “必须”， may “可以”，语气委婉，表示请求建议， need “有必要”， will “要，想要”，常用于第二人称的请求建议。语境“--我可以借你的历史书吗？-- 当然，给你。” 故选B.
21、【2011温州】7. —Dad ，can I go to the movies tonight?
--Sure ，but you__come back home before 9 o‘clock.
A.can B.must C.may D.might
答案：B
【解析】情态动词的用法 can “能”； must “必须，一定”； may “可能”； might “能，可能，也许”。根据句意“爸爸，我今晚能去看电影吗？”“当然可以，但你必须在九点之前回家”。
22、【2011浙江衢州】29. Drunk driving is against the law now. It ______be forbidden.
A. may B. must C. can D. might
答案：B
【解析】情态动词。may 可以， must 必须， can 能， might 可能。根据题意：酒驾现在是违法
的，它必须被禁止。选“必须”。
23、【2011 山东烟台】39. .—I think the man over there must be Bob.
-- It _______ be him. He has ______ to Australia.
A. can‘t, gone B. can‘t, been C. may not, been D. mustn‘t, gone
答案：A
【解析】考查点：情态动词can 及现在完成时的用法。此处can‘t表示推测语气，意为―不可能‖；―have/has gone to+地点‖意为―去了某地‖，表示不在说话人这儿；―have/has been to +地点‖表示―去过某地‖，现在已经回来了；mustn‘t意为―严禁，不许‖，may 表示不确定的推测语气。句意为“—我认为那边的男人一定是Bob 。—不可能是他。他已经去了澳大利亚。”故选A 。
24、【2011山东】25.
- Can I skate on the lake now? - No, you ______. It‘s dangerous.
A. can‘t B. mustn‘t C. needn‘t D. won‘t
25. 答案：B
【解析】考查点：本题情态动词的用法。解题思路：mustn't 表示禁止„，千万不能„；can ，t 表示不能；need ，t 表示不需要；won ，t 表示不会。根据下文“It ，s dangerous”可知故本题选B 。
25、【2011湖北荆州】 24. —Whose T-shirt is this?
—It be John‘s. It‘s much too small for him.
B. may B. must C. can‘t D. shouldn‘t
【答案】C
【解析】 本题考查情态动词的用法。根据It’s much too small for him.“对于他来说太小了。”可推知“不可能”是约翰的，语气较肯定，故答案选C
学科教师辅导讲义
考纲解读：
1. 情态动词的意义和用法，包括 can/ could, may, must ,will, shall, need
等
2.情态动词表示推断，判断的用法
基础知识清单
本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，后面接动词原形，共同构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。
情态动词没有人称和数的变化。常用的情态动词有can/could，may/might ，must ，need, should , shall 等。
情态动词的用法
1）can 的用法
（1）表示―能力‖（现在或将来）。
She can swim.
她会游泳。
Can you drive a car?
你会开小轿车吗？
练习
1. --- Where's Mr. Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.
--- You________ find him. He________ Japan. （黑龙江）
A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to
2. --- Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?
--- Sorry. It________ in such a short time. （山东威海）
A. may do B. can't be done C. must do D. needn't be done
3. I have my own room in my house, so I_______ do what I want in it. （江西）
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
（2） 表“可能”性
Accidents can happen in rainy days. ( 客观的可能性)
Lihua can ‘t be in the classroom
练习
1. --- Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?
--- No, it ________ be him. Mr. Li is much taller. （河北）
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
2. --- Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who ________ it be? Is it Wei Fang?
--- No. It ________ be her. She is at school now. （重庆市）
A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't
（3）be able to 可以代替can, 但can 更常用。另外，由于can 只有两种形式can, could，而be able to有将来时形式，现在时和过去时形式。
如： I will be able to drive a car in a month .
I was able to ride a bike when I was ten.
即学即练：
(2009 北京) —________ you swim?
— Yes, but I am not a good swimmer.
A Can B May C need D must
（2009， 重庆）—Can you play the piano?
—Yes, I _____. I often practice it on weekends.
A needn‘t B need C can‘t D can
(2009,苏州) It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _______ be rather cold sometimes.
A must B can C should D needn‘t
2）could 的用法
（1）could 作为的can 过去式，表示过去的―一般能力‖：
When we went into the house, we could see a picture.
当我们走近教室的时候，我们能看到一副画。
注：①could 不能用来表达过去某种―具体的能力‖，即在某一场合做某事的―能力‖，此时需要用was able to，managed to等：
How many eggs were you able to get?
你能弄到多少个鸡蛋？（不能说---could you get？）
②但是couldn't 既可用来表达―一般的能力‖，又可用来表达某一具体的能力。
My father couldn't swim.我爸爸不会游泳。
We tried but we couldn't pass the exam.
我们尽了最大努力，但仍不能通过考试。
We couldn't get the truck to start.
我们发动不了这辆卡车。
（2）表示―恳请‖、―请求‖，语气比用can 更委婉客气，could 这种用法并不是表示过去，而是代替can 用于现在：
Could you show me the way to the park?
你能告诉我去公园的路吗？
Could you tell me who she is ?
你能告诉我她究竟是谁？
（3）可以表示现在或将来实际发生的可能性，或表示过去的‖可能―：
The phone is ringing. It could be Tom.
电话响了，可能是Tom.
I don't know when they'll come. They could arrive at any time.
我不知道他们什么时候会来，他们随时都会到达。
练习：
1.______ she ride when she was three years old? (2008,广东)
A Can B Could C Need D May
2.--- Could I look at your pictures?
--- Yes, of course you________. （武汉）
A. could B. can C. will D. might
3.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should （北京市海淀区）
3）may 的用法
（1）表示征求意见或许可，这时可以与can 互换使用。用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中。 May I borrow it, please?
请问我可以借用一下它吗？
May I come in?
我可以进来吗？
May （Can ） I help you ?
我可以帮助你吗？
注：1表示允许某人做某事时，只能用can 和may ，不能用could 或might ：
—Could I use your bike？
—Yes, of course you can.
－我可以用一用你的自行车吗？
—当然可以。（不能说--of course you could.）
2 may 和might 仅仅是在正式场合用来要求许可或给予许可，在较为非正式的文体中，通常用can 和could 。
如：may I ask you a question?
（2）表示推测意为―可能‖、―也许‖，这时只用于肯定句或否定句中。
He may come or he may not.
他可能来也可能不来。
You may walk ten miles without seeing a house.
你可能走十几里而见不到一间房子。
(3)表示祝愿。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
即学即练
（2009，河北）—Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting?
—I‘m not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ________ know.
A can B may C need D shall
（2009，济南）— Who ‘s that girl swimming in the poor? Is it Lucy?
—It_______ be Lucy. She is sleeping in her bedroom now.
A may B can‘t C might D should
(2009，成都) — what would you send to your sister as the Christmas gift?
— I haven‘t decided yet. I ____ send her a handbag.
A shall B may C must
(2009，湖北) I thought you ________ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A may B must C might D can
can 和may 辨析
can 和may 均可表示许可，可能性，主要区别有：
1、在肯定句中may 表示的― 许可‖通常是指说话人给予的;
can 则表示客观情况―许可‖。如：
(1) You may smoke in the room.( = You're permitted by me to smoke in the room.)
你可以在屋里抽烟。( = 我允许你在屋里抽烟 )
(2) You can go now, as all the work has been finished.所有工作都已干完，你现在可以走了。
2、―May I ...?‖征询对方许可，在文体上比较正式，语气上比较客气。但在口语中Can I ...?征询对方
许可在现代英语中更为常见，特别是在熟人中使用。
3、用may 表示 可能/推测，通常只用于肯定句/否定句中，在疑问句中通常用can. 如：
-- Can they have missed the bus ?他们可能错过这班车了。
-- Yes, they may have.是的，他们可能已错过。
4、may 表示可能性，否定式用may not 表示―或许‖或―可能‖如：
Xiao Yang may know his address.小杨可能知道他的地址。
I took the umbrella with me because I thought it might rain.我带了把伞，因为我想可能要下雨。 It may not be true.这或许不是真的。
5、can 表示可能性用于否定句和疑问句， can 的可能性比may 的可能性要更大一些。如： That can't be true.那不能是真的。
注意：can ’t 翻译为 “不可能” ，may not 可能不
随堂练习
1. —May I put my bike here?
—No ， you _______ .You should put it over there.（北京市）
A. couldn‘t B. needn‘t C. mustn‘t D. won‘t
2.Excuse me. Read the text louder， please. I _______ hear you.（河北省）
A. can‘t B. wouldn‘t C. needn‘t D. may not
3. —May I use your dictionary?
—_______.（武汉市）
A. Of course not B. You may， if you like C. No， I don‘t mind D. It doesn‘t matter
4. —_______ I have your name， please?
—Yes ， Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L.（北京市东城区）
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
4）might 的用法
（1）may 的过去时，表示―也许‖―可能‖,一般用于从句中：
He told me that our school might hold a sports meeting next week.
他告诉我我们学校下星期可能举行运动会。
She asked if she might come in .
她问是否可以进来。
（2）代替may ，表示可以做的事或可能发生的事。在这种情况下，may 和might 无时间上的差别，只是更客气或更婉转些：
Might I ask you for some help?帮帮忙，好吗？
5）must 的用法
（1）表示必须，用来发出有力的劝告、建议或命令：
I must go now, or I will be late.
我必须要走了，不然我就迟到了。
She is so nice person, you must meet her.
她是这么好的一个人，你应该见见她。
注：在否定句中，表示―没有义务‖，用needn't 或don't have to ，不用mustn't 。
mustn't 用来告诉人们不要做某些事, 意为―禁止‖。
Must I come to school early every day?
No, you needn't.
我必须 每天都早到校吗？
不，不必。
随堂练习
1. —Shall I tell Bob the news?
— No, you ______. I have told him already. (2009,天津)
A shouldn‘t B wouldn‘t C mustn‘t D needn‘t
2. ---another cup of tea？
---No, thanks. I______ be off. Mary is waiting for me.(2009,绍兴)
A can B may C must D might
3. --- May I go to the cinema, Mum?
--- Certainly. But you ________ be back by 11 o'clock. （安徽）
A. can B. may C. must D. need
4. --- SARS is such a terrible disease.
--- Yes, it is. We ________ be more careful. （浙江嘉兴）
A. can B. may C. must D. need
用can （could ），may （might ），must 填充。
1. When I was young，I_____ run very fast．
2. What _____ I do for you，Li Hat？
3. I wonder where Ann is．She _________ be with Dick，I think．
4. A：That pen _______ be his．
B ：No ，it _______（not ）be his．
5. Could I use your phone？Yes ，of course you _________.
have to与 must 的区别：
①must 表示说话人的主观意图，have to 表达客观事实，不用来表达个人色彩。
②must 仅用于表示现在和将来的义务，讲述过去，要用had to, have to 可以用所有的时态形式。 I had to go to the hospital.
Have you ever had to go to the hospital?
但是，在间接引语中，must 就像过去时一样，用在引出间接引语的动词过去式之后：
I decided I must stop smoking. 我决心一定要戒烟。
用have to / must填空
You __________ finish the work today.
My father __________ work when he was ten years old.
③如果你确定不了，通常用have to 更有把握。
（2）表示推测
must 表示推测只用于肯定句中其可能性比may 要大；在否定句中，应用can't 。
He must be mad.
他一定是疯了。
随堂练习
(1) They ______ work very hard when they were young.
A. had to B. must C. should D. have to
(2) You______ jump onto a bus while it is moving. It‘s too dangerous.
A may not B mustn‘t C may D must
6）need 的用法
need 作为实意动词常比作为情态动词用得多。作为情态动词，它具有情态动词的一切特点，主要用于否定句和疑问句，一般不用于肯定句。在肯定句中，need 用作实意动词：
You needn't come so early.
你不需要来这么早。
Need I go home late?
我需要晚回家吗？
They need to stay with us.
他们需要和我们呆在一起。
随堂练习
(1) — where is my umbrella?
— It ‘s fine today. You _____ take an umbrella with you.(2006，新疆)
A can‘t B needn‘t C mustn‘t D shouldn‘t
(2)— Can you play the piano?
— Yes, I ________. I often practice it on weekends.
A needn‘t B need C can‘t D can
7. had better
表示" 最好" ，相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。例如：
It is rather cold. You'd better put on my coat. 天相当冷。你最好穿上我的外套。
She'd better not play with the dog. 她最好不要玩耍那条狗。
had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为" 本来应该（最好）" 。例如：
You had better have come earlier. 你本该来得早一点。
8. shall（should ） 的用法
1. shall 用于第一人称表示征求意见，询问。如：
Shall I open the window ?
Shall we have lunch here ?
2. should 常用来表示义务，责任 。 如：
We should obey the school rules.
9. will( would)的用法
1. will 用于第二人称表示询问，请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”，如：
Will you pass me the book?
I will do anything for you .
2.would 用来表示过去的意愿 或 委婉询问
I told him I would help him
Would you tell me more about your country?
注意：1）would like；would like to do = want to 想要，为固定搭配。例如：
Would you like to go with me? 想和我一块去吗？
2）Will you…? Would you like…? 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any 。例如：
Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吧。
3）否定结构中用will ，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
Won't you sit down? 你不坐下吗？
would rather 表示" 宁愿"
would rather（not ）do……
would rather… than… 宁愿…而不愿。例如：
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home. 我宁愿呆在这儿，而不愿回家。
练习:
(1). When he was there, he _______ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
(2). It has been announced that candidates _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. can B. will C. may D. shall
(3). How _______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article?
A. can B. must C. need D. may
(4)—I hear you‘ve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _______ I have a look?
—Yes, certainly.
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
(5). —Are you coming to Jeff‘s party?
—I‘m not sure. I _______ go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would C. should D. might
(6). A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can C. must D. will
真题解析
011山东菏泽】34. —Will you stay for some more days?
—Sorry, I_____. My mother called to ask me to go back at once.
A. mustn‘t
答案：C
【解析】情态动词表推测。句意：－你再呆几天好吗？－对不起，我不能，我的母亲打电话让我马上回去。Mustn ‘t 禁止；may not可能不；wouldn ‘t 不愿做„„，将要不„„。故选C 。
【2011山东枣庄】25. You ______ wear sports shoes when you climb a mountain.
A. can‘t
答案：D
【解析】 D 考查情态动词的用法。根据句意：爬山的时候你不得不穿运动鞋。前三个选项句意不通顺，故选D 。
【2011山东滨州】31. – Must I get up early tomorrow morning?
– No, _________.
A. you mustn‘t
C. you can‘t
答案：B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。情态动词must 引导的一般疑问句的否定答语为“No, sb. needn‘t./ No, sb. don ‘t have to .”故选B 。
【浙江湖州】 23. — Who ‘s singing in the next room?
— It ____ be her . She has gone to New York.
A. can‘t
答案：A
【解析】考查情态动词表推测。表示否定推测时，用can ‘t ，意为“一定不„„”。must 表示推测时，意为“一定„„”，用于肯定句；根据答语“她已经去了纽约”可知是否定推测，故选A 。
【2011山东泰安】38. —Must I learn all these words by heart?
—No, you ______. It‘ll be fine if you copy them in your exercise books.
A. needn‘t
答案：A
【解析】情态动词的用法。由must 引导的问句，否定回答用needn ‘t 。句意是“我必须都要记住这 B. can‘t C. shouldn‘t D. mustn‘t B. must C. shouldn‘t D. can B. I don‘t think you have to B. shouldn‘t C. mustn‘t D. have to B. may not C. can‘t D. wouldn‘t D. you need
些单词吗”“不用，只要你抄在练习本上就可以了”。
34. 【2011·福州中考】— Mom, must I finish my homework now?
— No, you ______. You may have supper first.
A. mustn‘t
答案：B
【解析】选B 。考查情态动词的用法。对must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答时常用No, …needn‘t.由句意：－妈妈，我现在必须完成家庭作业？－不，你不需要。你可以先吃饭。故选B 。
【2011浙江杭州】22. －Will the new iphone cost a lot?
－I ______ think so. Apple‘s products are usually expensive.
A. shouldn‘t
答案：C
【解析】情态动词的用法。由“Apple's products are usually expensive.”可推断“我也认为花费多”。I would think so. 意思是“我以前就这么认为”。故选C 。
【2011浙江金华】22. — Must we clean the classroom now?
— No, you needn't. It _____ after school.
A. may clean
答案：D
【解析】考查情态动词及被动语态的用法。由句意可知it 指classroom ，it 和clean 为被动关系，所以用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+动词过去分词”。排除A 和B 。need 意为“需要”，can 意为“可能，可以”。由句意“—我们必须现在就打扫教室吗？—不，不必要。可以放学打扫”可知。故选D 。
【江西省2011】31. The work is too hard for him. He__________ finish it on time.
A. can't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词的考察 句意为“这工作对他来说太难。他不可能按时完成”。 can't 用在否定句中表示“不可能”； mustn't “绝对不能，禁止”； shouldn't “不应该”needn't “不必”
【2011湖南怀化】27. This dictionary______ Tom's. It has Ann's name on it
A. might be B. may he
答案：C C. can't be B. must clean C. need be cleaned D. can be cleaned B. needn‘t C. would D. Must B. needn‘t C. can‘t
【解析】情态动词。根据句意：上面有安的名字。推断出前一句应该是，这本字典不可能是汤姆的。选C 。
【2011湖北黄冈】41. —Whose T - shirt is this?
—It______ be John' s. It ‗s ______ small for him.
A. can't; much too B, can't; too much C. mustn't; much too D. mustn't; too much
答案：A
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据句意“它不可能是约翰的，对他来说太小了。”故排除C 、D ，“too much ”为“太多”的意思，“much too”为“太”。故选A 。
【2011安徽】33. -- May I go out now, Dad?
A. can B. may C. need D. must
答案：D
【解析】选D 。考查情态动词词义。由答句中“不”，表示语气要求很坚决，应该是“必须”。
【2011•铜仁】26. — _______ we clean the classroom at once?
— No, you _______. You _______ clean it after school.
A. Must; needn‘t; may B. Must; mustn‘t; can. C. Shall; can‘t; must D. Need; mustn‘t; may
答案：A
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据前后句意可推断对方在询问“我必须马上打扫教室吗？”。而must 引导的一般疑问句否定回答时用needn't 。故选A.
【真题考场】
1、【2011江苏宿迁】15. You look quite tired. You‘d better ______ a good rest.
A. stop to have B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having
2、【2011•四川南充】34. —Another cup of tea?
—No, thanks. I_______ be off. Gina is waiting for me.
A. can B . must C . may
3、【2011四川宜宾】33. —________ I smoke here?
—No. You are not allowed to smoke in public places.
A. Could B. Must C. May D. Might
4、【2011四川资阳】26. —Hey, Ted! You _______ never play in the street. It‘s not safe.
—Sorry, Mum. I won‘t again.
A. need B. must C. can D. may
5、【2011乌鲁木齐】24. —Must I return the hook tomorrow morning? —No, you _ .You can keep it longer.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't
6、【2011福建莆田】( ) 31. —Do you know the song Come on, Haixi!—Yes, and I _________sing it well.
A. must B. can C. need
7、【2011广东深圳】8. — Must I return the book this week?
— it for 20 days.
A. mustn't: keep B. needn't; borrow C. needn't; keep D. mustn't; borrow
8、【2011广西南宁市】35. —Look at the sign!
—Oh, I see. We _______ waste water.
A. can B. must C. mustn‘t D. needn‘t
9、【2011梧州】37. — _ I use your eraser, Rose?
— Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Would C. Need D. Must
10、【2011湖南湘西】31. —Can I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, you _______.
A. Can B. must C. should
11、【2011山东济宁】21. ---Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
---I‘m afraid I ______. I have to look after my sister.
A. wouldn‘t B. can‘t C. won‘t D. mustn‘t
12、【2011四川乐山】24. It rained heavily, so we _______ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day.
A. could B. had to C. must
13、【2011浙江宁波】28. — May I take the magazine out of the reading room?
— No, you can‘t. You _________ read it here. It‘s the rule.
A. must B. would C. may D. might
14、【2011•四川广元】7. —Be quiet, Mr Smith is coming.
—Don‘t worry. It ＿＿＿ be him. Mr Smith is much taller.
A. mustn‘t B. must C. can‘t
15、【2011•广西柳州】39. —How long may I keep the book?
—You ________ keep it for two weeks.
A. may B. must C. will
16、【2011湖南益阳】28. — Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon?
—A. may B. have to C. can
17、【2011·南京】8. –Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _____ be joking!
–I‘m serious. It‘s made of silk.
A. must B. need C. may D. can
18、【2011山东威海】31. —Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
—Not yet. We _________go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.
A. may B. should C. need D. must
19、【2011四川内江】38. —Must I be home before eight o'clock, Mum?
— No, you _____. But you have to come back before ten o'clock.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't
20、【2011江苏淮安】3. —_________ I borrow your history book?
—Sure. Here you are.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will
21、【2011温州】7. —Dad ，can I go to the movies tonight?
--Sure ，but you__come back home before 9 o‘clock.
A.can B.must C.may D.might
22、【2011浙江衢州】29. Drunk driving is against the law now. It ______be forbidden.
A. may B. must C. can D. might
23、【2011 山东烟台】39. .—I think the man over there must be Bob.
-- It _______ be him. He has ______ to Australia.
A. can‘t, gone B. can‘t, been C. may not, been D. mustn‘t, gone
24、【2011山东】25.
- Can I skate on the lake now? - No, you ______. It‘s dangerous.
A. can‘t B. mustn‘t C. needn‘t D. won‘t
25、【2011湖北荆州】 24. —Whose T-shirt is this?
—It be John‘s. It‘s much too small for him.
A. may B. must C. can‘t D. shouldn‘t
【答案解析】
1、【2011江苏宿迁】15. You look quite tired. You‘d better ______ a good rest.
A. stop to have
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查had better的用法。had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组，had better"最好" ，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。故选A
2、【2011•四川南充】34. —Another cup of tea?
—No, thanks. I_______ be off. Gina is waiting for me.
A. can B . must C . may
. 答案：B
【解析】考查情态动词。can 能; may可以 ；must 必须。句意：...... 我必须要走有了，Gina 在等着我。
3、【2011四川宜宾】33. —________ I smoke here?
—No. You are not allowed to smoke in public places.
A. Could B. Must C. May D. Might
答案：C
【解析】C 考查情态动词的习惯用法，May 表示请求对方的建议，根据句意：我可以在这抽烟吗？不行，公共场合抽烟不许抽烟。故选C 。
4、【2011四川资阳】26. —Hey, Ted! You _______ never play in the street. It‘s not safe.
—Sorry, Mum. I won‘t again.
A. need B. must C. can D. may
答案：B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。need ―需要‖must ―必须‖；can ―能够‖；may ―可以‖。句意为―你好，泰德。你必须永远不要在街上玩耍，不安全‖―对不起，我不会再那样做了，妈妈‖。故选B 。
5、【2011乌鲁木齐】24. —Must I return the hook tomorrow morning? —No, you _ .You can keep it longer.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't
【答案】C
【解析】情态动词的考察 回答以must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用Yes ，Sb. must . ―是的，……必须‖ 否定回答用No ，Sb. needn‘t―不，……不必‖
6、【2011福建莆田】( ) 31. —Do you know the song Come on, Haixi!—Yes, and I _________sing B. stop having C. to stop to have D. to stop having
it well.
A. must B. can C. need
答案B
【解析】情态动词的考查。Must 意为“必须”，can 能够；need 需要，根据句意应该是“能够”。
7、【2011广东深圳】8. — Must I return the book this week?
— it for 20 days.
A. mustn't: keep B. needn't; borrow C. needn't; keep D. mustn't; borrow
答案：C
【解析】must 回答与延续性动词的用法。Must 开头的一般疑问句的否定回答用“„„needn‘t”, 由答语for 短语指一段时间，故用延续性动词，borrow 为短暂性动词，要换成延续性动词keep 。
8、【2011广西南宁市】35. —Look at the sign!
—Oh, I see. We _______ waste water.
A. can B. must C. mustn‘t D. needn‘t
35. 答案：C
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据标志可知为禁止浪费水的标志。表示禁止命令用must. 因此选C 。
9、【2011梧州】37. — _ I use your eraser, Rose?
— Sure. Here you are.
B. May B. Would C. Need D. Must
【答案】A
【解析】情态动词的考察 此处是“我能用一下你的橡皮吗？”用may 语气委婉。
10、【2011湖南湘西】31. —Can I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, you _______.
A. Can B. must C. should
答案：A
【解析】考查情态动词 上句用can 问，再用can 进行回答，构成进行时用“be + 现在分词”，所以选择答案A.
11、【2011山东济宁】21. ---Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
---I‘m afraid I ______. I have to look after my sister.
A. wouldn‘t B. can‘t
答案：B C. won‘t D. mustn‘t
【解析】情态动词的用法。根据答语句意“I have to look after my sister.”可知是去不了的，故选B 。
12、【2011四川乐山】24. It rained heavily, so we _______ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day.
A. could
答案：B
【解析】词语辨析。句意“雨下的很大，我们必须待在家里看电视或上网”。had to表示客观原因（下雨）而引起的必须干某事，must 强调主观原因。could 表示有能力干某事，与文意不相干。
13、【2011浙江宁波】28. — May I take the magazine out of the reading room?
— No, you can‘t. You _________ read it here. It‘s the rule.
A. must
答案：A
【解析】情态动词词义辨析。must 必须；would 将要；may 也许；might 可以。根据句意，我可以把杂志带出阅览室吗？不可以。你必须在这儿读它。这是规则。故选A 。
14、【2011•四川广元】7. —Be quiet, Mr Smith is coming.
—Don‘t worry. It ＿＿＿ be him. Mr Smith is much taller.
A. mustn‘t B. must C. can‘t
答案：C
【解析】情态动词的用法。mustn‘t指不允许，表示禁止；must 必须；应该，表猜测时，用于肯定句，意为―一定‖，可能性较大；can 能，会，表猜测时，常用于否定句和疑问句，意为―不可能‖；依据句意―安静，史密斯先生来了。‖―不要担心，不可能是他，史密斯先生高得多。‖，这里表是否定的猜测，故选C 。
15、【2011•广西柳州】39. —How long may I keep the book?
—You ________ keep it for two weeks.
A. may B. must C. will
答案A
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。根据句意：我可以借这本书多久？你可以借两周。B ，C 两项译成汉语不通顺，故选A 。
16、【2011湖南益阳】28. — Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon?
—A. may B. have to C. can
B. had to C. must B. would C. may D. might
答案：B
【解析】情态动词的考查。May 意为“可以”；can 意为“能够”，have to 意为“不得不”，根据句意可知“我不得不为考试而学习”。
17、【2011·南京】8. –Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _____ be joking!
–I‘m serious. It‘s made of silk.
A. must B. need C. may D. can
8. 答案:A
解析:情景对话。理解句意，你一定在开玩笑。must 意为：一定，故选A 项。
18、【2011山东威海】31. —Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?
—Not yet. We _________go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation.
A. may B. should C. need D. must
答案：A
【解析】情态动词辨析。may 意为“可能；可以”，表示猜测时，把握性不大；should 意为“应该”；need 指“需要”；must 为“必须；可能；一定”，表猜测时把握性较大。由答语句意“还没定下来”和“（青岛）是个度假的好地方”可知为“可能”，故选A 。
19、【2011四川内江】38. —Must I be home before eight o'clock, Mum?
— No, you _____. But you have to come back before ten o'clock.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't
答案：A
【解析】情态动词。must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答是needn‘t或d on‘t have to,意为“不需要”。故选A 。
20、【2011江苏淮安】3. —_________ I borrow your history book?
—Sure. Here you are.
A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will
答案：B
【解析】情态动词辨析。must “必须”， may “可以”，语气委婉，表示请求建议， need “有必要”， will “要，想要”，常用于第二人称的请求建议。语境“--我可以借你的历史书吗？-- 当然，给你。” 故选B.
21、【2011温州】7. —Dad ，can I go to the movies tonight?
--Sure ，but you__come back home before 9 o‘clock.
A.can B.must C.may D.might
答案：B
【解析】情态动词的用法 can “能”； must “必须，一定”； may “可能”； might “能，可能，也许”。根据句意“爸爸，我今晚能去看电影吗？”“当然可以，但你必须在九点之前回家”。
22、【2011浙江衢州】29. Drunk driving is against the law now. It ______be forbidden.
A. may B. must C. can D. might
答案：B
【解析】情态动词。may 可以， must 必须， can 能， might 可能。根据题意：酒驾现在是违法
的，它必须被禁止。选“必须”。
23、【2011 山东烟台】39. .—I think the man over there must be Bob.
-- It _______ be him. He has ______ to Australia.
A. can‘t, gone B. can‘t, been C. may not, been D. mustn‘t, gone
答案：A
【解析】考查点：情态动词can 及现在完成时的用法。此处can‘t表示推测语气，意为―不可能‖；―have/has gone to+地点‖意为―去了某地‖，表示不在说话人这儿；―have/has been to +地点‖表示―去过某地‖，现在已经回来了；mustn‘t意为―严禁，不许‖，may 表示不确定的推测语气。句意为“—我认为那边的男人一定是Bob 。—不可能是他。他已经去了澳大利亚。”故选A 。
24、【2011山东】25.
- Can I skate on the lake now? - No, you ______. It‘s dangerous.
A. can‘t B. mustn‘t C. needn‘t D. won‘t
25. 答案：B
【解析】考查点：本题情态动词的用法。解题思路：mustn't 表示禁止„，千万不能„；can ，t 表示不能；need ，t 表示不需要；won ，t 表示不会。根据下文“It ，s dangerous”可知故本题选B 。
25、【2011湖北荆州】 24. —Whose T-shirt is this?
—It be John‘s. It‘s much too small for him.
B. may B. must C. can‘t D. shouldn‘t
【答案】C
【解析】 本题考查情态动词的用法。根据It’s much too small for him.“对于他来说太小了。”可推知“不可能”是约翰的，语气较肯定，故答案选C