酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱
acid-base disorders 酸碱失衡 acid-base balance 酸碱平衡 acute/chronic acidosis 急性/慢性酸中毒 acidemia 酸血症
acute/chronic alkalosis 急性/慢性碱中毒 alkalemia 碱血症
simple acid-base disorder 单纯性酸碱失衡
mixed acid-base disorder 混合性酸碱失衡
buffer system 缓冲对系统 anion gap 阴离子间隙
delta gap 阳离子间隙 respiratory acidosis 呼酸
respiratory alkalosis 呼碱 metabolic acidosis 代酸
metabolic alkalosis 代碱 hypochloremia 低氯血症
hyperchloremia 高氯血症 hypoxemia 低氧血症
hyperoxemia 高氧血症 hypocalcemia 低钙血症
hypercalcemia 高钙血症 hypokalemia 低钾血症
hyperkalemia 高钾血症 hyponatremia 低钠血症
hypernatremia 高钠血症 magnesium deficiency 镁缺乏
magnesium excess 镁过多 hypomagnesemia 低镁血症
hypermagnesemia 高镁血症 hypophosphatemia 低磷血症
hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症 hypercapnia 高碳酸血症
posthypercapnic metabolic alkalosis 高碳酸血症后碱中毒
diabetic ketoacidosis 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 uremia 尿毒症
lactic acidosis 乳酸酸中毒
saline-responsive alkalosis 盐水反应性碱中毒
saline-resistant alkalosis 盐水抵抗性碱中毒
isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水 hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水
hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水edema 水肿
water intoxication 水中毒
休克
shock 休克 hemorrhagic shock 失血性休克
traumatic shock 创伤性休克 septic shock脓毒性休克
shock lung 休克肺 shock kidney 休克肾
软组织感染
furuncle 疖 paronychia 甲沟炎 erysipelas 丹毒 acute phlegmon 急性蜂窝织炎 acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎
acute lymphadenitis急性淋巴结 furunculosis 疖病 carbuncle 痈
abscess 脓肿 acute ulcer急性溃疡 chronic ulcer 慢性溃疡
fistula cannulas瘘管 sinus tract 窦道 felon 脓性指头炎
外科营养
肠外营养 parenteral nutrition 或 intravenous nutrition
肠内营养 enteral nutrition 代谢性并发症 metabolic complications
胆汁淤积 cholestasis 基础能量消耗 basal energy expenditure BEE
误吸 aspiration 腹泻 diarrhea
外科手术
手术刀 scalpel 刀片 blade
刀柄 hilt 手术剪 surgical scissors
止血钳 hemostatic forceps 直血管钳 straight clamp
弯血管钳 Kelly clamp 蚊式止血钳 mosquito forceps
有齿止血钳 kocher forceps 手术镊 forceps
组织钳 tissue forceps or allis forceps 持针器 needle holder
缝合针 suture needle 拉钩 retractor
巾钳 towel clip 环钳 ring forceps
不可吸收缝线 nonabsorbable suture 丝线 silk suture
切开 incision 剥离 dissection
止血 hemostasis 结扎 ligation
缝合 suture 剪线 cutting suture
拆线 removing suture 引流 drainage
骨科
arthro-关节 articulo-关节 cranio-颅
osteo-骨 burso-囊 chondro-软骨
costo-肋骨 myelo-骨髓 spondylo-椎骨
thoraco-胸的 vertebra-椎骨 fascio-筋膜
teno/tendo/tendino-肌 -kinesia 运 -porosis 多孔
-trophy 发育 -malacia 软化
1、 中轴骨 AXIAL BONES
atlas n. 寰椎 axis n. 枢椎
sternal angle 胸骨角 thoracic cage 胸廓
2、颅SKULL
mandible n. 下颌骨hyoid bone 舌骨 inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲 orbit n. 眶
coronal suture冠状缝 sagital suture 矢状缝
lambdoid suture 人字缝 cranial fontanelle 颅囟
2、 附肢骨TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES
ilium n. 髂骨 4、关节韧带
flexion n. 屈 extension n. 伸展 adduction n. 收 medial rotation 旋内 lateral rotation 旋外 pronation n旋前.
supination n.旋后 circumduction n.环转 vertebral column脊柱
temporal-mandibular joint 颞下颌关节
hip joint 髋关节 knee joint 膝关节
compacta n.骨密度 epiphysis n.骨骺 synovial joints 滑膜关节 fibrous 纤维连结
syndesmosis 韧带连结 cartilaginous joints 软骨连结
articular surface (cavity)关节面(腔) suture 缝
fibrous layer (membrane)纤维层，纤维膜
synovial layer (membrane) 滑膜层，滑膜
ynovial fold (villi)滑膜襞 synovial fluid 滑液
circumduction 环转运动 vertebral joints椎骨连结
ionterspinous ligament棘间韧带
intertransverse ligament横突间韧带
Intervertebral symphysis椎间联合
Fibrous rings 纤维环 Pulpiform nucleus 髓核Zygapophysial joint关节突关节
Lumbosacral joint 腰骶连结 Costovertebral joints肋椎关节
Joint of costal head肋头关节 Lambdoid suture 人字缝
Costotransverse joint 肋横突关节 Cranial suture 颅缝
Sternocostal joints胸肋关节 Coronal (sagittal) suture冠矢状缝
Synchondroses of cranium 颅结合
Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节
joints of shoulder girdle上肢带连结
coracoacromial ligament喙间韧带
Coracoclavicular ligament喙锁韧带
Carpometacarpal joint of thumb拇指腕掌关节
Intermetacarpal joints掌骨间关节
Metacarpophalangeal joints掌指关节
Interphalangeal joints of hand指骨间关节
Terminal line界线 Greater (lesser) pelvis大小骨盆
Superior (posterior) pelvic aperture骨盆上下口
Hip joint 髋关节 Knee joint膝关节
Transverse acetabular lig.髋臼横韧带
Ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带
Tibiofibular syndesmosis 胫腓连结
Crural interosseous membrane小腿骨间膜
talocrural joint,距小腿关节 intertarsal joints跗骨间关节
subtalar joint, talocalcaneal joint距下关节距跟关节
transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节
talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节
tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节 transverse arch横弓
intermetatarsal joints跖骨间关节
metatarsophalangeal joint跖趾关节 跖骨间关节
arch of foot, tarsometatarsal arch足弓，跗跖弓
medial (lateral) longitudinal arch内(外) 侧纵弓
其他
Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化 Chondromalacia 软骨软化症
Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎 Bone graft 骨移植
Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折 Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折
Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏 Amputation 截肢
Matastatic Lesion转移性损害 Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症
Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术
腹部脏器
Stomach 胃 Liver 肝 Small intestine 小肠
Colon 结肠（ascending ，transverse ，descending ，sigmoid ）
Duodenum 十二指肠 Jejunum 空肠 Ileum 回肠
Pancreas 胰 Spleen 脾 Bile duct 胆管
Gallbladder 胆囊 Kidney 肾 Rectum 直肠
Cecum 盲肠 large intestine 大肠
vermiform appendix阑尾 anal canal 肛管
辅助检查
Abdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺 Urinalysis 尿分析
Abdominal ultrasonography 腹部超声检查
Barium enema 钡灌肠 Barium swallow 钡餐
Liver biopsy 肝活检 Stool culture 粪检
Retrograde pyelogram 逆行肾盂造影
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 经内镜逆行性胆胰管
造影
Blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮
Urine culture and sensitivity 尿培养和敏感试验
Urinalysis 尿分析
内镜
Gastroscopy 胃窥镜 Enteroscopy 小肠内镜
Colonoscopy 结肠内镜 Cystoscopy 膀胱镜
ureteroscope 输尿管镜
术式
Highly selective vagotomy 高选择性迷走神经切断术
Gastrojejunostomy 胃空肠吻合术
Truncal vagotomy 迷走神经切断术 Laparotomy 开腹
Enterectomy 肠切除术 Appendectomy 阑尾切除术
Choledochectomy 胆总管切除术 Colectomy 结肠切除术 Cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术 Colostomy 结肠造瘘
orchiectomy ; testectomy 睾丸切除术
ureterectomy 输尿管切除术
cystectomy 膀胱切除术
cysto-urethral anastomosis膀胱输尿管吻合术
partial or radical nephrectomy 局部/根治性肾切除术
PCNL ：percutaneous nephrostolithotomy 经皮肾取石术
ESWL: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy 体外冲击波碎石术
Surgical exploration 手术探查
心胸外
valve prosthesis 人工瓣膜 bicuspid 二尖瓣 tricuspid valve 三尖瓣
pulmonary valve肺动脉瓣 aortic valve主动脉瓣 ventricle 心室
atrium pl.atrial 心房 interatrial 心房间的 atrioventricular 房室的
intrventricular 心室间的 atrial septum 房间隔
ventricuar septum 室间隔 angiography 血管造影
aortography 主动脉造影
pneumotharax ；aerothorax 气胸 tension pneumotharax 张力性气胸
pleural effussion胸腔积液 hydrothorax 胸腔积液
puncture 穿刺 thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术 drainage 引流
closed thoracic drainage 闭式胸腔引流 mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄
rheumatic valve disease 风湿性瓣膜病 aortic stenosis动脉硬化
mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣反流 valvuloplasty 瓣膜成形术
aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄 aortic regurgitation 主动脉反流
arteriosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化 intravenous 静脉内的
hemorrhage 出血 hematuria 血尿
angi/o血管 vas/o血管 vascul/o血管 aort/o主动脉
arter/o arteri/o动脉 ather/o动脉
phleb/o静脉 ven/o静脉 thromb/o血栓 venule 微静脉
arteriole 微动脉 angiostenosis 血管狭窄
ischemia 缺血 vena cava腔静脉
神外
大脑：cerebrum 间脑：diencephalon
脑桥：brain stem 中脑：midbrain
脑桥：pons 延髓：medulla oblongata
小脑：cerebellum 回：convolution gyri
沟：sulci 胼胝体：corpus callosum 横裂：transvers fissue 额叶：Frontal lobe
顶叶：Parietal lobe 颞叶：Temporal lobe
枕叶：Occipital lobe
蛛网膜：Arachnoid matter 蛛网膜下腔：Subarachnoid space
Olfactory N 嗅神经 Optic 视神经
Oculomotor 动眼神经 Trochlear 滑车神经
Trigeminal 三叉神经 Abducens 外展神经
Facial 面神经 Vestibulocochlear 前庭蜗神经
Glossopharyngeal 舌咽神经 Vagus 迷走神经
Accessory 副神经 Hypoglossal 舌下神经
Spinal nerve 脊神经
anterior root前根 posterior root 后根
spinal ganglion脊神经节
8对颈神经cervical nerves 12对胸神经thoracic nerves
5对腰神经lumbar nerves 5对骶神经sacral nerves
1对尾神经coccygeal nerves
神经丛：颈丛 cervical plexus 臂丛 brachial plexus 胸神经前支 anterior branch of the thoracic nerve
腰丛 lumbar plexus 骶丛 sacral plexus
段落翻译----乳腺
mastitis 乳腺炎 retromammary abscess 乳房后脓肿 breast sarcoma 乳房肉瘤 breast cancer 乳腺癌
inflammatory breast carcinoma 炎性乳腺炎
radical mastectomy 乳腺癌根治术
extensive radical mastectomy 乳腺癌扩大根治术
modified radical mastectomy 乳腺癌改良根治术
total mastectomy 全乳房切除术
lumpectomy and axillary dissection 保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术
胃肠疾病（课件）、骨折（课件）、甲状腺（那一本） 还是看课件吧 gastro-duodenal disease 胃十二指肠疾病 peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡 intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻 volvulus 肠扭转 Colorectal Cancer 结肠直肠癌 anal fissure 肛裂 Fistula 瘘，瘘管 Hemorrhoid 痔疮 anorectal abscess 肛门直肠脓肿
酸碱平衡和水电解质紊乱
acid-base disorders 酸碱失衡 acid-base balance 酸碱平衡 acute/chronic acidosis 急性/慢性酸中毒 acidemia 酸血症
acute/chronic alkalosis 急性/慢性碱中毒 alkalemia 碱血症
simple acid-base disorder 单纯性酸碱失衡
mixed acid-base disorder 混合性酸碱失衡
buffer system 缓冲对系统 anion gap 阴离子间隙
delta gap 阳离子间隙 respiratory acidosis 呼酸
respiratory alkalosis 呼碱 metabolic acidosis 代酸
metabolic alkalosis 代碱 hypochloremia 低氯血症
hyperchloremia 高氯血症 hypoxemia 低氧血症
hyperoxemia 高氧血症 hypocalcemia 低钙血症
hypercalcemia 高钙血症 hypokalemia 低钾血症
hyperkalemia 高钾血症 hyponatremia 低钠血症
hypernatremia 高钠血症 magnesium deficiency 镁缺乏
magnesium excess 镁过多 hypomagnesemia 低镁血症
hypermagnesemia 高镁血症 hypophosphatemia 低磷血症
hyperphosphatemia 高磷血症 hypercapnia 高碳酸血症
posthypercapnic metabolic alkalosis 高碳酸血症后碱中毒
diabetic ketoacidosis 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 uremia 尿毒症
lactic acidosis 乳酸酸中毒
saline-responsive alkalosis 盐水反应性碱中毒
saline-resistant alkalosis 盐水抵抗性碱中毒
isotonic dehydration 等渗性缺水 hypotonic dehydration 低渗性缺水
hypertonic dehydration 高渗性缺水edema 水肿
water intoxication 水中毒
休克
shock 休克 hemorrhagic shock 失血性休克
traumatic shock 创伤性休克 septic shock脓毒性休克
shock lung 休克肺 shock kidney 休克肾
软组织感染
furuncle 疖 paronychia 甲沟炎 erysipelas 丹毒 acute phlegmon 急性蜂窝织炎 acute lymphangitis 急性淋巴管炎
acute lymphadenitis急性淋巴结 furunculosis 疖病 carbuncle 痈
abscess 脓肿 acute ulcer急性溃疡 chronic ulcer 慢性溃疡
fistula cannulas瘘管 sinus tract 窦道 felon 脓性指头炎
外科营养
肠外营养 parenteral nutrition 或 intravenous nutrition
肠内营养 enteral nutrition 代谢性并发症 metabolic complications
胆汁淤积 cholestasis 基础能量消耗 basal energy expenditure BEE
误吸 aspiration 腹泻 diarrhea
外科手术
手术刀 scalpel 刀片 blade
刀柄 hilt 手术剪 surgical scissors
止血钳 hemostatic forceps 直血管钳 straight clamp
弯血管钳 Kelly clamp 蚊式止血钳 mosquito forceps
有齿止血钳 kocher forceps 手术镊 forceps
组织钳 tissue forceps or allis forceps 持针器 needle holder
缝合针 suture needle 拉钩 retractor
巾钳 towel clip 环钳 ring forceps
不可吸收缝线 nonabsorbable suture 丝线 silk suture
切开 incision 剥离 dissection
止血 hemostasis 结扎 ligation
缝合 suture 剪线 cutting suture
拆线 removing suture 引流 drainage
骨科
arthro-关节 articulo-关节 cranio-颅
osteo-骨 burso-囊 chondro-软骨
costo-肋骨 myelo-骨髓 spondylo-椎骨
thoraco-胸的 vertebra-椎骨 fascio-筋膜
teno/tendo/tendino-肌 -kinesia 运 -porosis 多孔
-trophy 发育 -malacia 软化
1、 中轴骨 AXIAL BONES
atlas n. 寰椎 axis n. 枢椎
sternal angle 胸骨角 thoracic cage 胸廓
2、颅SKULL
mandible n. 下颌骨hyoid bone 舌骨 inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲 orbit n. 眶
coronal suture冠状缝 sagital suture 矢状缝
lambdoid suture 人字缝 cranial fontanelle 颅囟
2、 附肢骨TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES
ilium n. 髂骨 4、关节韧带
flexion n. 屈 extension n. 伸展 adduction n. 收 medial rotation 旋内 lateral rotation 旋外 pronation n旋前.
supination n.旋后 circumduction n.环转 vertebral column脊柱
temporal-mandibular joint 颞下颌关节
hip joint 髋关节 knee joint 膝关节
compacta n.骨密度 epiphysis n.骨骺 synovial joints 滑膜关节 fibrous 纤维连结
syndesmosis 韧带连结 cartilaginous joints 软骨连结
articular surface (cavity)关节面(腔) suture 缝
fibrous layer (membrane)纤维层，纤维膜
synovial layer (membrane) 滑膜层，滑膜
ynovial fold (villi)滑膜襞 synovial fluid 滑液
circumduction 环转运动 vertebral joints椎骨连结
ionterspinous ligament棘间韧带
intertransverse ligament横突间韧带
Intervertebral symphysis椎间联合
Fibrous rings 纤维环 Pulpiform nucleus 髓核Zygapophysial joint关节突关节
Lumbosacral joint 腰骶连结 Costovertebral joints肋椎关节
Joint of costal head肋头关节 Lambdoid suture 人字缝
Costotransverse joint 肋横突关节 Cranial suture 颅缝
Sternocostal joints胸肋关节 Coronal (sagittal) suture冠矢状缝
Synchondroses of cranium 颅结合
Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节
joints of shoulder girdle上肢带连结
coracoacromial ligament喙间韧带
Coracoclavicular ligament喙锁韧带
Carpometacarpal joint of thumb拇指腕掌关节
Intermetacarpal joints掌骨间关节
Metacarpophalangeal joints掌指关节
Interphalangeal joints of hand指骨间关节
Terminal line界线 Greater (lesser) pelvis大小骨盆
Superior (posterior) pelvic aperture骨盆上下口
Hip joint 髋关节 Knee joint膝关节
Transverse acetabular lig.髋臼横韧带
Ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带
Tibiofibular syndesmosis 胫腓连结
Crural interosseous membrane小腿骨间膜
talocrural joint,距小腿关节 intertarsal joints跗骨间关节
subtalar joint, talocalcaneal joint距下关节距跟关节
transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节
talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节
tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节 transverse arch横弓
intermetatarsal joints跖骨间关节
metatarsophalangeal joint跖趾关节 跖骨间关节
arch of foot, tarsometatarsal arch足弓，跗跖弓
medial (lateral) longitudinal arch内(外) 侧纵弓
其他
Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化 Chondromalacia 软骨软化症
Degenerated Joint Disease变性关节炎 Bone graft 骨移植
Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折 Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折
Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏 Amputation 截肢
Matastatic Lesion转移性损害 Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症
Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术
腹部脏器
Stomach 胃 Liver 肝 Small intestine 小肠
Colon 结肠（ascending ，transverse ，descending ，sigmoid ）
Duodenum 十二指肠 Jejunum 空肠 Ileum 回肠
Pancreas 胰 Spleen 脾 Bile duct 胆管
Gallbladder 胆囊 Kidney 肾 Rectum 直肠
Cecum 盲肠 large intestine 大肠
vermiform appendix阑尾 anal canal 肛管
辅助检查
Abdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺 Urinalysis 尿分析
Abdominal ultrasonography 腹部超声检查
Barium enema 钡灌肠 Barium swallow 钡餐
Liver biopsy 肝活检 Stool culture 粪检
Retrograde pyelogram 逆行肾盂造影
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 经内镜逆行性胆胰管
造影
Blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮
Urine culture and sensitivity 尿培养和敏感试验
Urinalysis 尿分析
内镜
Gastroscopy 胃窥镜 Enteroscopy 小肠内镜
Colonoscopy 结肠内镜 Cystoscopy 膀胱镜
ureteroscope 输尿管镜
术式
Highly selective vagotomy 高选择性迷走神经切断术
Gastrojejunostomy 胃空肠吻合术
Truncal vagotomy 迷走神经切断术 Laparotomy 开腹
Enterectomy 肠切除术 Appendectomy 阑尾切除术
Choledochectomy 胆总管切除术 Colectomy 结肠切除术 Cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术 Colostomy 结肠造瘘
orchiectomy ; testectomy 睾丸切除术
ureterectomy 输尿管切除术
cystectomy 膀胱切除术
cysto-urethral anastomosis膀胱输尿管吻合术
partial or radical nephrectomy 局部/根治性肾切除术
PCNL ：percutaneous nephrostolithotomy 经皮肾取石术
ESWL: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy 体外冲击波碎石术
Surgical exploration 手术探查
心胸外
valve prosthesis 人工瓣膜 bicuspid 二尖瓣 tricuspid valve 三尖瓣
pulmonary valve肺动脉瓣 aortic valve主动脉瓣 ventricle 心室
atrium pl.atrial 心房 interatrial 心房间的 atrioventricular 房室的
intrventricular 心室间的 atrial septum 房间隔
ventricuar septum 室间隔 angiography 血管造影
aortography 主动脉造影
pneumotharax ；aerothorax 气胸 tension pneumotharax 张力性气胸
pleural effussion胸腔积液 hydrothorax 胸腔积液
puncture 穿刺 thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术 drainage 引流
closed thoracic drainage 闭式胸腔引流 mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄
rheumatic valve disease 风湿性瓣膜病 aortic stenosis动脉硬化
mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣反流 valvuloplasty 瓣膜成形术
aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄 aortic regurgitation 主动脉反流
arteriosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化 intravenous 静脉内的
hemorrhage 出血 hematuria 血尿
angi/o血管 vas/o血管 vascul/o血管 aort/o主动脉
arter/o arteri/o动脉 ather/o动脉
phleb/o静脉 ven/o静脉 thromb/o血栓 venule 微静脉
arteriole 微动脉 angiostenosis 血管狭窄
ischemia 缺血 vena cava腔静脉
神外
大脑：cerebrum 间脑：diencephalon
脑桥：brain stem 中脑：midbrain
脑桥：pons 延髓：medulla oblongata
小脑：cerebellum 回：convolution gyri
沟：sulci 胼胝体：corpus callosum 横裂：transvers fissue 额叶：Frontal lobe
顶叶：Parietal lobe 颞叶：Temporal lobe
枕叶：Occipital lobe
蛛网膜：Arachnoid matter 蛛网膜下腔：Subarachnoid space
Olfactory N 嗅神经 Optic 视神经
Oculomotor 动眼神经 Trochlear 滑车神经
Trigeminal 三叉神经 Abducens 外展神经
Facial 面神经 Vestibulocochlear 前庭蜗神经
Glossopharyngeal 舌咽神经 Vagus 迷走神经
Accessory 副神经 Hypoglossal 舌下神经
Spinal nerve 脊神经
anterior root前根 posterior root 后根
spinal ganglion脊神经节
8对颈神经cervical nerves 12对胸神经thoracic nerves
5对腰神经lumbar nerves 5对骶神经sacral nerves
1对尾神经coccygeal nerves
神经丛：颈丛 cervical plexus 臂丛 brachial plexus 胸神经前支 anterior branch of the thoracic nerve
腰丛 lumbar plexus 骶丛 sacral plexus
段落翻译----乳腺
mastitis 乳腺炎 retromammary abscess 乳房后脓肿 breast sarcoma 乳房肉瘤 breast cancer 乳腺癌
inflammatory breast carcinoma 炎性乳腺炎
radical mastectomy 乳腺癌根治术
extensive radical mastectomy 乳腺癌扩大根治术
modified radical mastectomy 乳腺癌改良根治术
total mastectomy 全乳房切除术
lumpectomy and axillary dissection 保留乳房的乳腺癌切除术
胃肠疾病（课件）、骨折（课件）、甲状腺（那一本） 还是看课件吧 gastro-duodenal disease 胃十二指肠疾病 peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡 intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻 volvulus 肠扭转 Colorectal Cancer 结肠直肠癌 anal fissure 肛裂 Fistula 瘘，瘘管 Hemorrhoid 痔疮 anorectal abscess 肛门直肠脓肿