高一升高二讲义
Lesson eight
一、 自测单词和短语（汉译英、英译汉）
二、 语法——现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的概念:
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响
②表示过去发生的动作延续到现在结束(常和already, since, yet, for，before, so far等连用)
2. 现在完成时态的结构
have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)
3. 动词怎么变过去分词
1) 一般情况下, 加-ed，如：play-played, cook-cooked
2) 以e结尾的, 直接加d，如：use-uesd
3) 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后一个字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5) 不规则动词（见讲义）
例如：
I have had my lunch.
He has seen the film. So he won’t go with us.
说明：
①already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如：
I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?
②现在完成时可以和表示时间的词连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间。例如： My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002.
③现在完成时既可以和瞬间动词（come, go, leave, arrive, join, start, begin, die等）连用，也可以和延续性动词（eat，run, wait, wash, sit等）连用。
如：I have come.
I have run for 20 minutes.
练习1：单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ______what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know
2、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
3、Have you met Mr. Li ____？
Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago
4、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
5、—Our country ____ a lot so far .
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good
Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better
6、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished
Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really? When _____ there ?
Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1998 .
Ａ.joined Ｂ. has join Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It ___ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、_______has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he_______to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle ___________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
练习2：句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ____________ ?（改成附加疑问句）
2、划线提问)
___________ have they been here? （划线提问）
___________ have they been in Beijing?
4、The old man died last year.
He ____________for a year. (die) （动词填空）
5、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ____________________ for twenty years.
6、Miss Green left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Green ____________________ an hour ago.
7、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________
练习3：汉译英。
1、他收到一封信。________________________________________________
2、我父亲以前到过长城。________________________________________________
3、她还没有看过那部新电影。______________________________________________
4、她去过上海。__________________________________________________________
5、他这些天上哪儿去了？____________________________________
三、 单选练习
1. Last Sunday they went to the Great wall. When they got on the bus, they kept _______ all the way .
A. to talk B. talk C. to talking D. talking
2. －I’ve lost my watch. －________.
A. I’m so glad. B. How can it be? C. What a pity! D. That’s OK
3. This exercise is easy, but _______ can work it out.
A.on B. all C both D. nobody
4. Lin Tao’s teacher told them that Jim was away________ a trip.
A. in B. on C. to D. by
5. Have you ever met your aunt_________ four years ago?
A. for B. since C. before D. yet
6. My socks _____,I have to go shopping to buy a new pair.
A. worn out B. were worn out C. are worn out D. are worn off
7.The shoes are a bit big, would you please show me ________ ?
A. small ones B. a small one C. a small pair D. a small ones
8. --- Who did it better, Bill or Henry? --- I think Bill did just ________ Henry.
A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. more badly than
9.---Mike wants to know if _________ a picnic tomorrow.
----Yes. But if it ________ , we’ll visit the museum instead.
A. you have…will rain B. you will have… will rain
C. you will have…rains D. will you have… rains
10. Lucy said she ________ such a music before.
A. has never heard B. hears C. had never heard D. will hear
四、 经典段落背诵
When we watch movies about the future, we sometimes see robots. They are usually like human servants. They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.
五、 Homework
1. 及时复习今天的知识，用现在完成时写5个句子，并改为否定句和一般疑问句。
2. 熟练背诵小段落。
3. 背诵初二上册第七单元的单词,并制作生词表。
高一升高二讲义
Lesson eight
一、 自测单词和短语（汉译英、英译汉）
二、 语法——现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的概念:
①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响
②表示过去发生的动作延续到现在结束(常和already, since, yet, for，before, so far等连用)
2. 现在完成时态的结构
have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)
3. 动词怎么变过去分词
1) 一般情况下, 加-ed，如：play-played, cook-cooked
2) 以e结尾的, 直接加d，如：use-uesd
3) 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后一个字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5) 不规则动词（见讲义）
例如：
I have had my lunch.
He has seen the film. So he won’t go with us.
说明：
①already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如：
I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?
②现在完成时可以和表示时间的词连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间。例如： My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002.
③现在完成时既可以和瞬间动词（come, go, leave, arrive, join, start, begin, die等）连用，也可以和延续性动词（eat，run, wait, wash, sit等）连用。
如：I have come.
I have run for 20 minutes.
练习1：单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ______what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know
2、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years .
Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
3、Have you met Mr. Li ____？
Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago
4、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .
Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived
5、—Our country ____ a lot so far .
—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good
Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed; better
6、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.
Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished
Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice.
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States .
—Really? When _____ there ?
Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone
10、Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are; studying
11、 His father ______ the Party since 1998 .
Ａ.joined Ｂ. has join Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in
12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .
Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made
13、He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ?
Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still
14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .
Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began
15、 It ___ ten years since he left the army .
Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was
16、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.
Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?
A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they
19、_______has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he_______to China?
A. How soon, comes B. How often, got
C. How long, came D. How far, arrived
20、 His uncle ___________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work
C. has lived there D. has left the university
练习2：句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ____________ ?（改成附加疑问句）
2、划线提问)
___________ have they been here? （划线提问）
___________ have they been in Beijing?
4、The old man died last year.
He ____________for a year. (die) （动词填空）
5、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ____________________ for twenty years.
6、Miss Green left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Green ____________________ an hour ago.
7、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .
8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________
练习3：汉译英。
1、他收到一封信。________________________________________________
2、我父亲以前到过长城。________________________________________________
3、她还没有看过那部新电影。______________________________________________
4、她去过上海。__________________________________________________________
5、他这些天上哪儿去了？____________________________________
三、 单选练习
1. Last Sunday they went to the Great wall. When they got on the bus, they kept _______ all the way .
A. to talk B. talk C. to talking D. talking
2. －I’ve lost my watch. －________.
A. I’m so glad. B. How can it be? C. What a pity! D. That’s OK
3. This exercise is easy, but _______ can work it out.
A.on B. all C both D. nobody
4. Lin Tao’s teacher told them that Jim was away________ a trip.
A. in B. on C. to D. by
5. Have you ever met your aunt_________ four years ago?
A. for B. since C. before D. yet
6. My socks _____,I have to go shopping to buy a new pair.
A. worn out B. were worn out C. are worn out D. are worn off
7.The shoes are a bit big, would you please show me ________ ?
A. small ones B. a small one C. a small pair D. a small ones
8. --- Who did it better, Bill or Henry? --- I think Bill did just ________ Henry.
A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as D. more badly than
9.---Mike wants to know if _________ a picnic tomorrow.
----Yes. But if it ________ , we’ll visit the museum instead.
A. you have…will rain B. you will have… will rain
C. you will have…rains D. will you have… rains
10. Lucy said she ________ such a music before.
A. has never heard B. hears C. had never heard D. will hear
四、 经典段落背诵
When we watch movies about the future, we sometimes see robots. They are usually like human servants. They help with the housework and do jobs like working in dirty or dangerous places.
五、 Homework
1. 及时复习今天的知识，用现在完成时写5个句子，并改为否定句和一般疑问句。
2. 熟练背诵小段落。
3. 背诵初二上册第七单元的单词,并制作生词表。