初中一年级英语要点

. 初中一年级英语要点

时态专题复习

一、 一般现在时:(1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。)

1、标志:often(经常),usually(通常),sometimes(有时),always(总是),never(从不),

on Sundays(在星期天), every day/month/year(每一天/月/年)

2、结构:

(1)主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态(包括There be +n.) 练习:1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.

2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here.

3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate.

4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six.

5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be).

6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____.

(2)主语(非第三人称单数)+行为动词原形+其他 (用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问)

(3)主语(第三人称单数)+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他(用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句)

行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches

teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes

.1)His parents _______(watch) TV every night. 肯定句 1) My brother _________(do) homework every

day.

2)His parents _________(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother________(not do)homework every day.

3)_____his parents_____(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)______ your brother _____ homework every day?

Yes, they _______. No, they _______. Yes, he______. No, he _________.

4)When___ his parents _____(watch) TV? 特疑 4)When _____ your brother ____(do)

homework?

They watch TV every night. He does homework every day.

二.

1、

2、 现在进行时:表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 标志: now(现在)listen(看)look(听) 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)

现在分词的构成:1.-ing: eat-eating 2.辅音字母+e: take-taking

3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,(双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing.)

练习:1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now. 3. _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _____. No, he

_______.

4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park.

三、情态动词:1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形

3、 Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形? 4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形?

四、非谓语动词(是固定搭配)

1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词 2.want to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth.

5. enjoy doing sth. 6. thanks for doing 7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth.

She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)?

Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk).

五.祈使句:

Go straight and turn left/ right.

Go through Fifth Avenue.

Take a taxi(Take a bus,Take a walk……)

六.综合练习:1.Mr Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. 2.Listen!

Who_______(sing)?

3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework? 4.You can_______(come) here by bus.

5. Who ____(have) a ruler? 6.Are they_____(clean) the room? 7.-____ you____(eat) dinner? – Yes, we are.

8.Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. 9._______Jim

_______(like)______(run)?

10.They _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants

_________________(be) tall.

1.我们正在吃晚餐。 2、我们每天6点起床。

We __________________________. We __________________ at six every day.

3.你们在聊天吗?是的。 4、他们常常聊天吗?不是。

_______ they _______? Yes, they _____. ______ they often ______ ? No, they ________.

5、他在做什么?他在做作业。 6、他晚上常干什么?他常做作业。

What ____he ___? He_______. What ___he usually ___ in the evening? He usually______.

答案: 1.are having dinner 2. get up 3. Are , talking , are 4. Do , talk, don’t

5. is doing, is doing homework 6. does, do, does , homework

七.人称代词: 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他/她/它们

主格: I you he she it we you they

宾格: me you him her it us you them

形容词性物主代词: 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的

my your his her its our your their

练习:1.________(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher.

2.This is (他的 )shirt.

3. This is __________(我的)pen.

4._________(他们的) trousers are there.

5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).

6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).

7._____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.

8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).

9.Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.

10. _______(他) loves _______(她), and _______(她) loves _______(他),too.

_______(我) love _________(你), and ________(你) love _______(我),too.

八,There be句型

句型转换

1)There is a bank on the street. 2) There are some cars in front of the park.

否定句:There _______a bank on the street. 否定句:There ______ _______cars in front of the bank.

一般疑问句:_______ ______ a bank on the street? 一般疑问句:____ ______ ______cars in front of the bank?

就划线部分提问:________ on the street? 就划线部分提问:_____ _____ in front of the

bank?

There’s a bank on the street. There are some cars in front of the bank.

同上:____ ______ ______are there on the street? 同上:____ ____ ____ are there in front of the bank

There’s only one. There’re some.

2)将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并就划线部分提问。

1. We are eating lunch. We eat lunch at noon.

其他语法:

1、 some 和any 的用法:

some 和any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。

1. 表示―一些‖时,一般情况下,some用于肯定句;any用语否定句和疑问句。

如:We’ve got some juice.

Have you got any meat?

I haven’t got any milk.

2. 在表示建议、请求、征求意见等问句中,也用some而不用any.

如:Would you like some coffee?

Could you lend me some paper?

3. any 用于肯定句中是表示―任何一个‖。

如:Sam is taller than any other student in his class.

II. 如何提出邀请或建议:

1. --Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?

--Yes, I’d love to. (注意:此处应省略到to.)

2. Why not go to the cinema with me tonight?

3. What / How about going to the cinema with me tonight?

4. Shall we go to the cinema tonight?

5. Would you please turn down the radio?

6. You’d better put on your coat.

7. You should put on your coat.

8. It’s a good idea to have a picnic this Sunday.

★ 注意★:

1. 在这些句式中,我们经常使用some 而不是any表示―一些‖。

2. 应特别注意,动词在不同句式中的形式不同,这也是考查重点。

III. 行为动词的一般现在时

肯定:I often do my homework on the computer.

They often go online.

否定:I don’t often do my homework on the computer.

They don’t often go online.

疑问:Do I often do my homework on the computer?

Do they often go online?

回答:Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

一般现在时的用法:

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。

时间状语: every …, sometimes, twice a week, in spring , on Sunday, etc.

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.

Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

★注意★:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实地球是圆的。

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don't want so much.

Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.

IV. 序数词

one –first two—second

three—third four—fourth

five—fifth eight—eighth

ten—tenth nine—ninth

twelve—twelfth twenty—twentieth

forty-three—forty-third sixty-eight—sixty-eighth

本学期我们学习了许多非常重要的短语和句型,让我们来看看他们在中考试题中的体现吧。

1. Let’s go and ________ .

A. play the tennis B play with tennis C play piano D play the piano 选D. 此时play作―演奏‖讲,乐器前应加the.

2. What language does she ________ ?

A. tell B. speak C. talk

D. say

选B. 这四个―说‖的用法各不相同:

1)speak + 语言;

He can speak 3 languages. She can speak English well.

2)say + 说的内容;

How can I say it in English?

3)talk 不及物,talk about sth. 或 talk with/ to sb. ―交谈‖;

Please talk about your family in English.

I really enjoy talking with my friends in my free time. No talking, please.

4)tell 的用法

A. ―告诉‖ tell sb. to do sth.

Mother told me to clean my bedroom.

B. ―讲述‖

Tell a story in English, please.

Don’t believe him. He is telling a lie. 别相信他,他在说谎。

C. ―分辨‖

Can you tell the differences between the two pictures?

3. China’s history is more than 5 ________ years .

A. thousands of B. thousand of C. thousand D thousands

选C. 对于数字的考查历来是中考热点。同学们应该把握以下几个关键点:

1)数字+ thousand/ hundred/ million/ billion (此处不变复数)

如:ten thousand people

2) thousand/ hundred/ million/ billion+ s+ of (此处无具体数字)

如:thousands of students

4. Joe asked me ______ late again.

A. don’t be B. not be C. not to be am not

选C. 不定式的否定形式是 not to do / not do

如:ask sb. to do/ not to do sth. make sb. do/ not do sth.

5. Your father is sleeping. You’d better ___________.

A. not to wake him up B. not wake him up C. not wake up him D. not to wake up him 选B. wake up sb. ―叫醒某人‖。

此类短语的特点是当宾语为名词时,位置可前可后,但当宾语为代词时,应该放在中间。

如:wake Tom up / wake up Tom 但 wake him up

6. What does the young man do? He is ______.

A. a teacher B. my uncle C. our teacher D. Mr. Li

选A. 问某人职业的句子有:What is sb.?/ What does sb. do?/ What is sb.’s job? 等。 D.

此类句式在中考中更多出现在听问句选答句的考题里。

7. I don’t like apples very much. I only eat ______.

A. a little B. a lot C. not a little D. many

选A. little 与few的区别:

1)little 修饰不可数名词;few 修饰可数名词。

2)a little/ few 表示肯定意义―有一些‖;little/ few 表示否定意义―没多少‖

3)only + a + little / few

4) little表示―小‖时,可以修饰可数名词。如:a little girl

8. I home a cold morning.

A. reached to, on B. arrived at, in C. got to, on D. arrived, on

选D. 此题考查了两个知识点:

1) 表示―到达‖的英文有 arrive at/ in; get to; reach 等。但当后接副词时则省略介词。

初一英语重点词语辨析

1. in/on

在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:

There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。

There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。

2. this/that/these/those

(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:

You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。

Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。

This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。

These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。

(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:

This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁?

3. There be/ have

There be "有",其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:

(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。

(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。

(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。

总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:

(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。

(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。

4. look/ see/ watch

(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:

Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。

Look! What’s that over there? 看!那边那个是什么?

单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:

He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。

(2)see强调“看”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:

What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么?

Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?

(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:

Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。

5. put on / in

put on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。

in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:

It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。

He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。

The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。

6. house/ home/family

house :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:

Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。

He is not at home. 他不在家。

My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。

7. fine, nice, good, well

四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:

(1)fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细",形容人时表示的是"身体健康",也

可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如:

Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。

That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。

It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。

(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:

Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。

These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。

Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。

It's very nice of you. 你真好。

(3)good形容人时指"品德好",形容物时指"质量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如: Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。

The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。

(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好",但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如: I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。

My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。

英语辅导:初一英语重点句型

三、 特殊疑问句系列

7. What colour + ...?

这是一个询问颜色的常用句型。应注意的是,并非对所有带颜色部分提问都用这个句型。应先分清其在句中所作的成分(详见第15期第2面)。如:

The car is black. → What colour is the car?

The black car is my father's. → Which car is your father's?

8. What's the time, please? / What time is it, please? 这两个句型都是―请问几点了?‖的意思。当你向对方询问时间时,可用这两个句型。如:

—What's the time, please? (What time is it, please? ) 请问几点了?

—It's half past eight. 八点半了。

9. How many +复数名词+are there +介词短语?

此句的意思是―在某地有多少……?‖。它后面只能接名词的复数形式,不可接单数名词或不可数名词。如:

How many children are there in the room? 房间里有多少个孩子?

四、其他

10. There be + ……和动词have表示所有关系不同,There be表示的是一种客观存在。be动词的形式取决于其后的名词:若接单数名词或不可数名词,用is;若接复数名词,则用are。 当其后接一系列的名词时,be动词一般与最靠近它的名词在数上保持一致。如:

There is a ruler, two pencils and three pens in the box. 盒子里有一把尺子,两枝铅笔和三枝钢笔。

11. I think ....

在你想发表自己的见解或想法的时候,这句话是最有用的。表示肯定或否定时,你可以说I think so.或I don't think so.。

12. one ... the other ...该句型的意思是 ―一个 …… 另一个……‖,必须用于两者中。如:

I have two pens. One is red, the other is black. 我有两枝钢笔,一枝是红色的,另一枝是黑色的。

13. Is your friend a boy or a girl?意思是―你的朋友是男孩还是女孩?‖,这是一个选择疑问句。英语中的选择疑问句是由―一般疑问句+ or + 一般疑问句‖构成,or后面的一般疑问句与前面相同的部分常省略。回答时不能用Yes或No来回答,只能选择其一作答。上句可这样回答:He is a boy.或 She is a girl. 也可直接回答A boy. 或 A girl.。

一、 介词to系列--这里to是表示方向、去向的介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。若宾语是人称代词,则要用其宾格形式。

1. give sth to sb(=give sb sth)

当你想表达"把某物给某人"时,那就用它好了。give后接的是双宾语,指人的sb为间接宾语,指物的sth为直接宾语。如:

Give her an apple, please.= Give an apple to her, please. 请给她一个苹果。

2. take sth / sb to ...

此句型意为"把......带到......去",它强调的是带走或拿走(即远离说话人)。如:

Take the book to the teacher's room, please. 请把这本书带到老师的办公室去。

二、动词不定式to系列--这里的to虽然和上面的to一模一样,但它的身份不同:它是动词不定式的"标志词",其后要接动词原形。看看它在句中的表现吧:

3. help sb (to) do sth (=help sb with sth)

帮助别人也会给自己带来快乐。帮助某人做某事通常锁定help sb (to) do sth。它后面的不定式符号to既可以保留,也可以省略,也可接介词with。如:

Bob helps me(to) learn English at school.(=Bob helps me with my English at school.) 在学校,鲍勃帮我学习英语。

4. like to do sth

每个人都有自己的爱好。当你喜欢或想去做某件事时,一定要想到like to do sth。如:

We all like to watch football matches. 我们都喜欢看足球比赛。

5. ask sb to do sth

此句意为"请某人去做某事"。句中的to do sth是指宾语sb所发出的动作,而不是指主语的动作。如: They ask us to have lunch. 他们请我们去吃午饭。

6. It's time to do sth (=It's time for sth)

俗话说Time is money, time is life. (时间就是金钱,时间就是生命。)所以我们得树立正确的时间观念,该学习时(It's time to study.)就认真学,该玩时(It's time to play.)就痛快玩。Do you think so?

. 初中一年级英语要点

时态专题复习

一、 一般现在时:(1、现在的状态。2、经常或习惯性动作。3、主语所具备的性格和能力。4、真理。)

1、标志:often(经常),usually(通常),sometimes(有时),always(总是),never(从不),

on Sundays(在星期天), every day/month/year(每一天/月/年)

2、结构:

(1)主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态(包括There be +n.) 练习:1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.

2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here.

3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate.

4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six.

5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be).

6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____.

(2)主语(非第三人称单数)+行为动词原形+其他 (用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问)

(3)主语(第三人称单数)+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他(用助动词does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句)

行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh结尾watch-watches

teach-teaches4特殊have-has do-does go-goes

.1)His parents _______(watch) TV every night. 肯定句 1) My brother _________(do) homework every

day.

2)His parents _________(not watch) every night.否定句2)My brother________(not do)homework every day.

3)_____his parents_____(watch) TV every night?一般疑3)______ your brother _____ homework every day?

Yes, they _______. No, they _______. Yes, he______. No, he _________.

4)When___ his parents _____(watch) TV? 特疑 4)When _____ your brother ____(do)

homework?

They watch TV every night. He does homework every day.

二.

1、

2、 现在进行时:表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。 标志: now(现在)listen(看)look(听) 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)

现在分词的构成:1.-ing: eat-eating 2.辅音字母+e: take-taking

3. sit, put, begin, run, swim, stop, get, shop,(双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing.)

练习:1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now. 2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now. 3. _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now? Yes, he _____. No, he

_______.

4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park.

三、情态动词:1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形

3、 Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形? 4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形?

四、非谓语动词(是固定搭配)

1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词 2.want to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would like to do sth.

5. enjoy doing sth. 6. thanks for doing 7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth.

She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)?

Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk).

五.祈使句:

Go straight and turn left/ right.

Go through Fifth Avenue.

Take a taxi(Take a bus,Take a walk……)

六.综合练习:1.Mr Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field. 2.Listen!

Who_______(sing)?

3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework? 4.You can_______(come) here by bus.

5. Who ____(have) a ruler? 6.Are they_____(clean) the room? 7.-____ you____(eat) dinner? – Yes, we are.

8.Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. 9._______Jim

_______(like)______(run)?

10.They _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese. 11. He wants

_________________(be) tall.

1.我们正在吃晚餐。 2、我们每天6点起床。

We __________________________. We __________________ at six every day.

3.你们在聊天吗?是的。 4、他们常常聊天吗?不是。

_______ they _______? Yes, they _____. ______ they often ______ ? No, they ________.

5、他在做什么?他在做作业。 6、他晚上常干什么?他常做作业。

What ____he ___? He_______. What ___he usually ___ in the evening? He usually______.

答案: 1.are having dinner 2. get up 3. Are , talking , are 4. Do , talk, don’t

5. is doing, is doing homework 6. does, do, does , homework

七.人称代词: 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他/她/它们

主格: I you he she it we you they

宾格: me you him her it us you them

形容词性物主代词: 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的

my your his her its our your their

练习:1.________(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher.

2.This is (他的 )shirt.

3. This is __________(我的)pen.

4._________(他们的) trousers are there.

5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).

6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).

7._____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.

8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).

9.Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.

10. _______(他) loves _______(她), and _______(她) loves _______(他),too.

_______(我) love _________(你), and ________(你) love _______(我),too.

八,There be句型

句型转换

1)There is a bank on the street. 2) There are some cars in front of the park.

否定句:There _______a bank on the street. 否定句:There ______ _______cars in front of the bank.

一般疑问句:_______ ______ a bank on the street? 一般疑问句:____ ______ ______cars in front of the bank?

就划线部分提问:________ on the street? 就划线部分提问:_____ _____ in front of the

bank?

There’s a bank on the street. There are some cars in front of the bank.

同上:____ ______ ______are there on the street? 同上:____ ____ ____ are there in front of the bank

There’s only one. There’re some.

2)将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并就划线部分提问。

1. We are eating lunch. We eat lunch at noon.

其他语法:

1、 some 和any 的用法:

some 和any既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。

1. 表示―一些‖时,一般情况下,some用于肯定句;any用语否定句和疑问句。

如:We’ve got some juice.

Have you got any meat?

I haven’t got any milk.

2. 在表示建议、请求、征求意见等问句中,也用some而不用any.

如:Would you like some coffee?

Could you lend me some paper?

3. any 用于肯定句中是表示―任何一个‖。

如:Sam is taller than any other student in his class.

II. 如何提出邀请或建议:

1. --Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?

--Yes, I’d love to. (注意:此处应省略到to.)

2. Why not go to the cinema with me tonight?

3. What / How about going to the cinema with me tonight?

4. Shall we go to the cinema tonight?

5. Would you please turn down the radio?

6. You’d better put on your coat.

7. You should put on your coat.

8. It’s a good idea to have a picnic this Sunday.

★ 注意★:

1. 在这些句式中,我们经常使用some 而不是any表示―一些‖。

2. 应特别注意,动词在不同句式中的形式不同,这也是考查重点。

III. 行为动词的一般现在时

肯定:I often do my homework on the computer.

They often go online.

否定:I don’t often do my homework on the computer.

They don’t often go online.

疑问:Do I often do my homework on the computer?

Do they often go online?

回答:Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

一般现在时的用法:

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。

时间状语: every …, sometimes, twice a week, in spring , on Sunday, etc.

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.

Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

★注意★:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实地球是圆的。

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don't want so much.

Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.

IV. 序数词

one –first two—second

three—third four—fourth

five—fifth eight—eighth

ten—tenth nine—ninth

twelve—twelfth twenty—twentieth

forty-three—forty-third sixty-eight—sixty-eighth

本学期我们学习了许多非常重要的短语和句型,让我们来看看他们在中考试题中的体现吧。

1. Let’s go and ________ .

A. play the tennis B play with tennis C play piano D play the piano 选D. 此时play作―演奏‖讲,乐器前应加the.

2. What language does she ________ ?

A. tell B. speak C. talk

D. say

选B. 这四个―说‖的用法各不相同:

1)speak + 语言;

He can speak 3 languages. She can speak English well.

2)say + 说的内容;

How can I say it in English?

3)talk 不及物,talk about sth. 或 talk with/ to sb. ―交谈‖;

Please talk about your family in English.

I really enjoy talking with my friends in my free time. No talking, please.

4)tell 的用法

A. ―告诉‖ tell sb. to do sth.

Mother told me to clean my bedroom.

B. ―讲述‖

Tell a story in English, please.

Don’t believe him. He is telling a lie. 别相信他,他在说谎。

C. ―分辨‖

Can you tell the differences between the two pictures?

3. China’s history is more than 5 ________ years .

A. thousands of B. thousand of C. thousand D thousands

选C. 对于数字的考查历来是中考热点。同学们应该把握以下几个关键点:

1)数字+ thousand/ hundred/ million/ billion (此处不变复数)

如:ten thousand people

2) thousand/ hundred/ million/ billion+ s+ of (此处无具体数字)

如:thousands of students

4. Joe asked me ______ late again.

A. don’t be B. not be C. not to be am not

选C. 不定式的否定形式是 not to do / not do

如:ask sb. to do/ not to do sth. make sb. do/ not do sth.

5. Your father is sleeping. You’d better ___________.

A. not to wake him up B. not wake him up C. not wake up him D. not to wake up him 选B. wake up sb. ―叫醒某人‖。

此类短语的特点是当宾语为名词时,位置可前可后,但当宾语为代词时,应该放在中间。

如:wake Tom up / wake up Tom 但 wake him up

6. What does the young man do? He is ______.

A. a teacher B. my uncle C. our teacher D. Mr. Li

选A. 问某人职业的句子有:What is sb.?/ What does sb. do?/ What is sb.’s job? 等。 D.

此类句式在中考中更多出现在听问句选答句的考题里。

7. I don’t like apples very much. I only eat ______.

A. a little B. a lot C. not a little D. many

选A. little 与few的区别:

1)little 修饰不可数名词;few 修饰可数名词。

2)a little/ few 表示肯定意义―有一些‖;little/ few 表示否定意义―没多少‖

3)only + a + little / few

4) little表示―小‖时,可以修饰可数名词。如:a little girl

8. I home a cold morning.

A. reached to, on B. arrived at, in C. got to, on D. arrived, on

选D. 此题考查了两个知识点:

1) 表示―到达‖的英文有 arrive at/ in; get to; reach 等。但当后接副词时则省略介词。

初一英语重点词语辨析

1. in/on

在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:

There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。

There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。

2. this/that/these/those

(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:

You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。

Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。

This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。

These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。

(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:

This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁?

3. There be/ have

There be "有",其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:

(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。

(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。

(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。

总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:

(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。

(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。

4. look/ see/ watch

(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:

Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。

Look! What’s that over there? 看!那边那个是什么?

单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:

He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。

(2)see强调“看”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:

What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么?

Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?

(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:

Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。

5. put on / in

put on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。

in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:

It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。

He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。

The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。

6. house/ home/family

house :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:

Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。

He is not at home. 他不在家。

My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。

7. fine, nice, good, well

四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:

(1)fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细",形容人时表示的是"身体健康",也

可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如:

Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。

That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。

It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。

(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。例如:

Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。

These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。

Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。

It's very nice of you. 你真好。

(3)good形容人时指"品德好",形容物时指"质量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如: Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。

The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。

(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好",但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如: I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。

My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。

英语辅导:初一英语重点句型

三、 特殊疑问句系列

7. What colour + ...?

这是一个询问颜色的常用句型。应注意的是,并非对所有带颜色部分提问都用这个句型。应先分清其在句中所作的成分(详见第15期第2面)。如:

The car is black. → What colour is the car?

The black car is my father's. → Which car is your father's?

8. What's the time, please? / What time is it, please? 这两个句型都是―请问几点了?‖的意思。当你向对方询问时间时,可用这两个句型。如:

—What's the time, please? (What time is it, please? ) 请问几点了?

—It's half past eight. 八点半了。

9. How many +复数名词+are there +介词短语?

此句的意思是―在某地有多少……?‖。它后面只能接名词的复数形式,不可接单数名词或不可数名词。如:

How many children are there in the room? 房间里有多少个孩子?

四、其他

10. There be + ……和动词have表示所有关系不同,There be表示的是一种客观存在。be动词的形式取决于其后的名词:若接单数名词或不可数名词,用is;若接复数名词,则用are。 当其后接一系列的名词时,be动词一般与最靠近它的名词在数上保持一致。如:

There is a ruler, two pencils and three pens in the box. 盒子里有一把尺子,两枝铅笔和三枝钢笔。

11. I think ....

在你想发表自己的见解或想法的时候,这句话是最有用的。表示肯定或否定时,你可以说I think so.或I don't think so.。

12. one ... the other ...该句型的意思是 ―一个 …… 另一个……‖,必须用于两者中。如:

I have two pens. One is red, the other is black. 我有两枝钢笔,一枝是红色的,另一枝是黑色的。

13. Is your friend a boy or a girl?意思是―你的朋友是男孩还是女孩?‖,这是一个选择疑问句。英语中的选择疑问句是由―一般疑问句+ or + 一般疑问句‖构成,or后面的一般疑问句与前面相同的部分常省略。回答时不能用Yes或No来回答,只能选择其一作答。上句可这样回答:He is a boy.或 She is a girl. 也可直接回答A boy. 或 A girl.。

一、 介词to系列--这里to是表示方向、去向的介词,后接名词或代词作宾语。若宾语是人称代词,则要用其宾格形式。

1. give sth to sb(=give sb sth)

当你想表达"把某物给某人"时,那就用它好了。give后接的是双宾语,指人的sb为间接宾语,指物的sth为直接宾语。如:

Give her an apple, please.= Give an apple to her, please. 请给她一个苹果。

2. take sth / sb to ...

此句型意为"把......带到......去",它强调的是带走或拿走(即远离说话人)。如:

Take the book to the teacher's room, please. 请把这本书带到老师的办公室去。

二、动词不定式to系列--这里的to虽然和上面的to一模一样,但它的身份不同:它是动词不定式的"标志词",其后要接动词原形。看看它在句中的表现吧:

3. help sb (to) do sth (=help sb with sth)

帮助别人也会给自己带来快乐。帮助某人做某事通常锁定help sb (to) do sth。它后面的不定式符号to既可以保留,也可以省略,也可接介词with。如:

Bob helps me(to) learn English at school.(=Bob helps me with my English at school.) 在学校,鲍勃帮我学习英语。

4. like to do sth

每个人都有自己的爱好。当你喜欢或想去做某件事时,一定要想到like to do sth。如:

We all like to watch football matches. 我们都喜欢看足球比赛。

5. ask sb to do sth

此句意为"请某人去做某事"。句中的to do sth是指宾语sb所发出的动作,而不是指主语的动作。如: They ask us to have lunch. 他们请我们去吃午饭。

6. It's time to do sth (=It's time for sth)

俗话说Time is money, time is life. (时间就是金钱,时间就是生命。)所以我们得树立正确的时间观念,该学习时(It's time to study.)就认真学,该玩时(It's time to play.)就痛快玩。Do you think so?


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