闽教版五年级英语语言知识汇总
语 法
一、名词复数规则
1一般情况下直接加-s 如 bag-bags ,book-books, cat-cats, bed-beds
2 以s. x. sh. ch 结尾 加-es 如 bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
watch-watches
3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y 为i, 再加-es 如 family-families,
strawberry-strawberries
4 以“f或fe”结尾 变f 或fe 为v , 再加-es 如 knife-knives
5 不规则名词复数 man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,
people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
6. 不可数名词
不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
二、人称代词
主格 I we you she he it they
宾格 me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词 my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词 mine ours yours hers his its theirs
三. 缩略形式 I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he
is it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not
四、介词 方位 on, in , in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,
behind. 表示时间 at six o’clock, at Christmas, a t breakfast on Monday
on 15th July On National Dayin the evening in December in winter
五、be 动词
(1)现在式: I + am ；you 或复数名词如books ，+ are ； he 、she 、it 及单数名词
+is
现在式的肯定否定句 am(not) are(not) is(not)
2、 过去式 was(not) were(not) was(not)
3、一般疑问句 Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are.
Are they American? Yes,
六、一般现在时。
通常用 “usually, often, every day , sometimes”。 肯定句 I go to school on foot
every day. She goes to school on foot every day. 一般疑问句: Do you like rice? Yes,
I do. / No, I don’t. Does he like rice? Y es, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 否定句: We
don’t go to school on Sundays. My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.
一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1. 表示事物或人物
的特征、状态。如 The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2. 表示经常性或习惯性的
动作。如 I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。 3. 表示客观现实。如 The
earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词
主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如 I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词 主
语+行为动词(+其它) 。如 We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三
人称单数(he, she,it)时 要在动词后加"-s" 或"-es" 。如 Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜
欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。 否定句 主语+ be + not +其它。 如 He is not a worker.
他不是工人。 一般疑问句 Be +主语+其它。 如 -Are you a student? -Y es. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+一般疑问句。如 Where is my
bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。 否定句 主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它) 。如 I
don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时 要用doesn't 构成否定句。如
He doesn't often play . 一般疑问句 Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如 - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数
时 要用does 构成一般疑问句。如 - Does she go to work by bike? - Y es,
she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+一般疑问句。如 How does
your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则 1 一般情况下 直接加-s 如
cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 以s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾 加-es 如 guess-guesses,
wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y 为i, 再加
-es 如 study-studies
七、一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态。常和表示
过去时间状语连用。如 last year, last week /just now /yesterday等 也可表示过
去经常反复发生动作 常和often, always等频率副词连用。 例如 ①I saw him
in the street yesterday . 昨天我在街上看见他了。 ②Li Mei always went to school
on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。
II. 一般过去时构成 我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词一般过去时构成。
动词过去式构成
规则动词过去式构成有四条规则 ①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed 。如
look-looked 。 ②以不发音字母e 结尾动词 去e 再加-ed 。如 live-lived 。 ③
末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节 先双写这个辅音字母 再加-ed 。如
stop-stopped 。 ④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾动词 先变y 为i 然后再加-ed 。
如 study-studied 。
不规则动词过去式需特殊记忆。如 am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came,
take-took, have (has)-had等。
III. 一般过去时几种句型 肯定句结构为 主语+动词过去式+其它。如 He
went to the toy store yesterday . 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句结构为 主语+did
not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如 He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没
去玩具店。
一般过去时一般疑问句构成 Did+主语 动词原形 其它 如 1) -Did you
go to Beijing last week? -Y es, we did. (No, we didn't.) 2) -Did you meet the
businessman before? -No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.) 一般过去时特殊疑问句构成 疑
问词 did+主语 动词原形 其它 如 1) -What did you do last night? -I did
my homework. 2) -Where did you go last week? -I went to Shanghai with my
parents.
一般过去时口诀 一般过去时并不难 表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用
过去式 时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单 didn't 站在动词原形前 其它部分
不要变。 一般疑问句也好变 did 放在句子前 主语、动词原形、其它部分依
次站。 特殊疑问句也简单 疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意
动词过去式要牢记。
语音
1.26个英文字母的正确读音。Aa Bb Cc Dd 等。
2. 辅音字母的发音。Bb |b|
3. 字母组合的发音。ee |i|
4. 语音语调。重读、弱读、连读。
词汇、功能、话题
1.Were you in the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park just now
刚才你在超市/书店/水果店/玩具店/公园吗 Yes I was./No I wasn’t.
2. Where did you go yesterday 昨天你去了哪里
3. I went to the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park. 我去了超市/
书店/水果店/玩具店/公园。
4. I bought a schoolbag/a pencil-case/a ruler. 我买了一个书包/铅笔盒/一把尺子。
5. Did you have a good time 你过得开心吗 Yes I did./No I did n’t.
6. I visited Big Ben/the Great Wall. 我参观了大本钟/长城。I had a good time.
我过得很开心。
7. We played basketball/the piano. 我们打了篮球/弹了钢琴。 I did my homework.
我做了作业。 I took some photos of the penguins. 我拍了一些企鹅的照片。 I swam
in the sea. 我在海里游泳。
8.Where are you/is he /are they from I ’m/He’s/They’re from
China/Australia/England/the USA. 我/他/他们来自中国/澳大利亚/英国/美国。
9.We saw pandas/kangaroos/penguins. 我们看到了熊猫/袋鼠/企鹅。 We ate some
bananas on our way home. 我们在回家的路上吃了一些香蕉。
10. 电话用语 Hello.This is Sally speaking . 我是Sally 。 May I speak to
Peter 我可以找Peter 接电话吗 Speaking . 请讲。 Hold on please. 请
别挂线。 It’s from Sally. Sally 打来的。
11. It ’s Mid-Autumn Day tomorrow. 明天是中秋节。 It was Mid-Autumn Day yesterday.
昨天是中秋节。
12. 问路 Excuse me Sir/Madam. Where is the zoo/park/bank/library/train
station/bus stop 动物园/公园/银行/图书馆/火车站/公共汽车停靠站在哪里
How can I get to the zoo/park/bank/library/train station/bus stop 我怎样才
能到动物园/公园/银行/图书馆/火车站/公共汽车停靠站 Turn left /right. 向左/右
转。 Go straight. 一直向前走。 It’s on the left/right. 它在左/右边。
It ’s far away. 很远。 You can take a bus. 你可以搭公共汽车。 Which bus can
I take Bus No.51. Sorry I don’t know. You can ask the policeman. 你可以问
警察。 Thank you all the same.You’re welcome. 13. What day is it today?
今天是星期几 It’s Sunday /Monday/Tuesday /Wednesday / Thursday / Friday
day / Saturday .
13. What do you have on Wednesdays? 你们星期三上什么课 We have English,
science, computer and P.E.
14. What would you like for breakfast/lunch/dinner ? 你早/午/晚餐想要吃什么
I ’d like some tomatoes and rice.
15. What do you have for breakfast/lunch/dinner today? I have 吃 eggs and
tomatoes.
16. What’s your favourite food/month/holiday? 你最喜欢的食物/月份/节日是什么
① Fish/Bamboo/Grass.鱼/竹子/草。 January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/De
cember. ③Spring Festival/Christmas/New Year’s Day/May Day/Army Day. 春节/圣
诞节/新年/五一节/建军节。 When is it 何时 It ’s in January or February/
December/ January/ May/ August. When is your birthday 生日在何时 It’s in
May./„ How is the weather in spring 春天天气怎样 It’s warm in March
April and May. 在三、四、五月天气暖和。 How is the weather in summer It ’s
hot in June July and August. 夏天天气怎样 在六、七、八月天气炎热。 How is
the weather in fall 秋天天气怎样 It’s hot in September. It ’s cool in October
and November. 在九月天气炎热。在十月和十一月凉爽。 How is the weather in winter
冬天天气怎样 It’s not too cold in December. 在十二月不很冷。 It’s very
cold in January and February. 在一月和二月非常冷。
短语总汇 1. in the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park 在超市/书
店/水果店/玩具店/公园
2. be at home 在家里
3、have a good time 过得开心
4. in England 在„国家
5. play basketball/the piano. 打篮球/弹钢琴
6. do one’s homework. 做作业 take some photos of the+复数名词 如 penguins 拍 一些企鹅的照片。 . 或者拍一张照片 take a photo of the +单数名词
7、 swim in the sea. 在海里游泳。
8. be from+ 地名/地方 来自哪里 from China/Australia/England/the USA. 来自中国/澳大利亚/英国/美国。
9、电话用语 谁+speak to 谁 谁可以找谁 接电话 Speaking . 请讲。 Hold on please. 请别挂线。 It’s from Sally. Sally 打来的。
10. Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节
11. turn left /right 向左/右转。 go straight 一直向前走。 on the left/right. 在左/右边。 be far away …. 路途 很远
12、take a bus. 搭公共汽车
13、公交车几路的 通常是 Bus No.+数字. 如 Bus No.52 52路车
14、在星期几用 on Wednesdays 在几月份/季节 用in December/ in September
第五册要掌握的单词
Unit 1 were are 的过去式 was am,is 的过去式 bought buy 的过去式 schoolbag 书包 bookstore 书店 yesterday 昨天 did do的过去式 went go的过去式
Unit 2 visit 参观 访问 took take的过去式 photo 照片 swam swim的过去式 sea 海 Australia 澳大利亚 USA美国 China 中国
Unit 3 kangaroo 袋鼠 eat 吃 saw see的过去式 ate eat的过去式
Unit 4 Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 telephone 电话 moon cake 月饼
Unit 5 Excuse me. 请问/劳驾。 left 左边 right 右边 library 图书馆 bank 银行
Unit 6 train station 火车站 No. number的缩写 bus stop 汽车停靠站 sorry 对不起 know 知道 policeman 警察
Unit 7 month 月份 March 三月 May 五月 April 四月 June 六月 July 七月 August 八月
Unit 8 January 一月 February 二月 December 十二月 September 九月 October 十月 November 十一月
闽教版五年级英语语言知识汇总
语 法
一、名词复数规则
1一般情况下直接加-s 如 bag-bags ,book-books, cat-cats, bed-beds
2 以s. x. sh. ch 结尾 加-es 如 bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
watch-watches
3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y 为i, 再加-es 如 family-families,
strawberry-strawberries
4 以“f或fe”结尾 变f 或fe 为v , 再加-es 如 knife-knives
5 不规则名词复数 man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,
people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
6. 不可数名词
不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread, rice, water ,juice etc.
二、人称代词
主格 I we you she he it they
宾格 me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词 my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词 mine ours yours hers his its theirs
三. 缩略形式 I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he
is it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not
四、介词 方位 on, in , in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,
behind. 表示时间 at six o’clock, at Christmas, a t breakfast on Monday
on 15th July On National Dayin the evening in December in winter
五、be 动词
(1)现在式: I + am ；you 或复数名词如books ，+ are ； he 、she 、it 及单数名词
+is
现在式的肯定否定句 am(not) are(not) is(not)
2、 过去式 was(not) were(not) was(not)
3、一般疑问句 Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are.
Are they American? Yes,
六、一般现在时。
通常用 “usually, often, every day , sometimes”。 肯定句 I go to school on foot
every day. She goes to school on foot every day. 一般疑问句: Do you like rice? Yes,
I do. / No, I don’t. Does he like rice? Y es, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 否定句: We
don’t go to school on Sundays. My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.
一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1. 表示事物或人物
的特征、状态。如 The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2. 表示经常性或习惯性的
动作。如 I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。 3. 表示客观现实。如 The
earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词
主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如 I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词 主
语+行为动词(+其它) 。如 We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三
人称单数(he, she,it)时 要在动词后加"-s" 或"-es" 。如 Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜
欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。 否定句 主语+ be + not +其它。 如 He is not a worker.
他不是工人。 一般疑问句 Be +主语+其它。 如 -Are you a student? -Y es. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+一般疑问句。如 Where is my
bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。 否定句 主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它) 。如 I
don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时 要用doesn't 构成否定句。如
He doesn't often play . 一般疑问句 Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如 - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数
时 要用does 构成一般疑问句。如 - Does she go to work by bike? - Y es,
she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+一般疑问句。如 How does
your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则 1 一般情况下 直接加-s 如
cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 以s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾 加-es 如 guess-guesses,
wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y 为i, 再加
-es 如 study-studies
七、一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态。常和表示
过去时间状语连用。如 last year, last week /just now /yesterday等 也可表示过
去经常反复发生动作 常和often, always等频率副词连用。 例如 ①I saw him
in the street yesterday . 昨天我在街上看见他了。 ②Li Mei always went to school
on foot last year. 去年李梅总是步行上学。
II. 一般过去时构成 我们主要来学习谓语动词为实义动词一般过去时构成。
动词过去式构成
规则动词过去式构成有四条规则 ①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed 。如
look-looked 。 ②以不发音字母e 结尾动词 去e 再加-ed 。如 live-lived 。 ③
末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节 先双写这个辅音字母 再加-ed 。如
stop-stopped 。 ④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾动词 先变y 为i 然后再加-ed 。
如 study-studied 。
不规则动词过去式需特殊记忆。如 am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came,
take-took, have (has)-had等。
III. 一般过去时几种句型 肯定句结构为 主语+动词过去式+其它。如 He
went to the toy store yesterday . 他昨天去玩具店了。 否定句结构为 主语+did
not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。如 He didn't go to the toy store yesterday. 他昨天没
去玩具店。
一般过去时一般疑问句构成 Did+主语 动词原形 其它 如 1) -Did you
go to Beijing last week? -Y es, we did. (No, we didn't.) 2) -Did you meet the
businessman before? -No, I didn't. (Yes, I did.) 一般过去时特殊疑问句构成 疑
问词 did+主语 动词原形 其它 如 1) -What did you do last night? -I did
my homework. 2) -Where did you go last week? -I went to Shanghai with my
parents.
一般过去时口诀 一般过去时并不难 表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用
过去式 时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单 didn't 站在动词原形前 其它部分
不要变。 一般疑问句也好变 did 放在句子前 主语、动词原形、其它部分依
次站。 特殊疑问句也简单 疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意
动词过去式要牢记。
语音
1.26个英文字母的正确读音。Aa Bb Cc Dd 等。
2. 辅音字母的发音。Bb |b|
3. 字母组合的发音。ee |i|
4. 语音语调。重读、弱读、连读。
词汇、功能、话题
1.Were you in the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park just now
刚才你在超市/书店/水果店/玩具店/公园吗 Yes I was./No I wasn’t.
2. Where did you go yesterday 昨天你去了哪里
3. I went to the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park. 我去了超市/
书店/水果店/玩具店/公园。
4. I bought a schoolbag/a pencil-case/a ruler. 我买了一个书包/铅笔盒/一把尺子。
5. Did you have a good time 你过得开心吗 Yes I did./No I did n’t.
6. I visited Big Ben/the Great Wall. 我参观了大本钟/长城。I had a good time.
我过得很开心。
7. We played basketball/the piano. 我们打了篮球/弹了钢琴。 I did my homework.
我做了作业。 I took some photos of the penguins. 我拍了一些企鹅的照片。 I swam
in the sea. 我在海里游泳。
8.Where are you/is he /are they from I ’m/He’s/They’re from
China/Australia/England/the USA. 我/他/他们来自中国/澳大利亚/英国/美国。
9.We saw pandas/kangaroos/penguins. 我们看到了熊猫/袋鼠/企鹅。 We ate some
bananas on our way home. 我们在回家的路上吃了一些香蕉。
10. 电话用语 Hello.This is Sally speaking . 我是Sally 。 May I speak to
Peter 我可以找Peter 接电话吗 Speaking . 请讲。 Hold on please. 请
别挂线。 It’s from Sally. Sally 打来的。
11. It ’s Mid-Autumn Day tomorrow. 明天是中秋节。 It was Mid-Autumn Day yesterday.
昨天是中秋节。
12. 问路 Excuse me Sir/Madam. Where is the zoo/park/bank/library/train
station/bus stop 动物园/公园/银行/图书馆/火车站/公共汽车停靠站在哪里
How can I get to the zoo/park/bank/library/train station/bus stop 我怎样才
能到动物园/公园/银行/图书馆/火车站/公共汽车停靠站 Turn left /right. 向左/右
转。 Go straight. 一直向前走。 It’s on the left/right. 它在左/右边。
It ’s far away. 很远。 You can take a bus. 你可以搭公共汽车。 Which bus can
I take Bus No.51. Sorry I don’t know. You can ask the policeman. 你可以问
警察。 Thank you all the same.You’re welcome. 13. What day is it today?
今天是星期几 It’s Sunday /Monday/Tuesday /Wednesday / Thursday / Friday
day / Saturday .
13. What do you have on Wednesdays? 你们星期三上什么课 We have English,
science, computer and P.E.
14. What would you like for breakfast/lunch/dinner ? 你早/午/晚餐想要吃什么
I ’d like some tomatoes and rice.
15. What do you have for breakfast/lunch/dinner today? I have 吃 eggs and
tomatoes.
16. What’s your favourite food/month/holiday? 你最喜欢的食物/月份/节日是什么
① Fish/Bamboo/Grass.鱼/竹子/草。 January/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/De
cember. ③Spring Festival/Christmas/New Year’s Day/May Day/Army Day. 春节/圣
诞节/新年/五一节/建军节。 When is it 何时 It ’s in January or February/
December/ January/ May/ August. When is your birthday 生日在何时 It’s in
May./„ How is the weather in spring 春天天气怎样 It’s warm in March
April and May. 在三、四、五月天气暖和。 How is the weather in summer It ’s
hot in June July and August. 夏天天气怎样 在六、七、八月天气炎热。 How is
the weather in fall 秋天天气怎样 It’s hot in September. It ’s cool in October
and November. 在九月天气炎热。在十月和十一月凉爽。 How is the weather in winter
冬天天气怎样 It’s not too cold in December. 在十二月不很冷。 It’s very
cold in January and February. 在一月和二月非常冷。
短语总汇 1. in the supermarket/bookstore/fruit store/toy store/park 在超市/书
店/水果店/玩具店/公园
2. be at home 在家里
3、have a good time 过得开心
4. in England 在„国家
5. play basketball/the piano. 打篮球/弹钢琴
6. do one’s homework. 做作业 take some photos of the+复数名词 如 penguins 拍 一些企鹅的照片。 . 或者拍一张照片 take a photo of the +单数名词
7、 swim in the sea. 在海里游泳。
8. be from+ 地名/地方 来自哪里 from China/Australia/England/the USA. 来自中国/澳大利亚/英国/美国。
9、电话用语 谁+speak to 谁 谁可以找谁 接电话 Speaking . 请讲。 Hold on please. 请别挂线。 It’s from Sally. Sally 打来的。
10. Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节
11. turn left /right 向左/右转。 go straight 一直向前走。 on the left/right. 在左/右边。 be far away …. 路途 很远
12、take a bus. 搭公共汽车
13、公交车几路的 通常是 Bus No.+数字. 如 Bus No.52 52路车
14、在星期几用 on Wednesdays 在几月份/季节 用in December/ in September
第五册要掌握的单词
Unit 1 were are 的过去式 was am,is 的过去式 bought buy 的过去式 schoolbag 书包 bookstore 书店 yesterday 昨天 did do的过去式 went go的过去式
Unit 2 visit 参观 访问 took take的过去式 photo 照片 swam swim的过去式 sea 海 Australia 澳大利亚 USA美国 China 中国
Unit 3 kangaroo 袋鼠 eat 吃 saw see的过去式 ate eat的过去式
Unit 4 Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 telephone 电话 moon cake 月饼
Unit 5 Excuse me. 请问/劳驾。 left 左边 right 右边 library 图书馆 bank 银行
Unit 6 train station 火车站 No. number的缩写 bus stop 汽车停靠站 sorry 对不起 know 知道 policeman 警察
Unit 7 month 月份 March 三月 May 五月 April 四月 June 六月 July 七月 August 八月
Unit 8 January 一月 February 二月 December 十二月 September 九月 October 十月 November 十一月