四川广播电视大学
毕业论文
课题名称___ __双磨房水电站工程概预算________
学生姓名______ 周_ __ 彤___________
学 号_____ [1**********]951 _________
专 业______ 工 程 造 价____________
班 级_______ 2 0 0 9 春___________
指导老师_______ 周__________亮___________
二0 一 一 年 一 月 十五 日
目录
摘要 ····································································································································· 2 关键词 ································································································································· 2 前言 ····································································································································· 2 一.工程概况 ····························································································································· 2 ···················································································································· 2 二.工程设计情况 ·
·················································································································· 3 (一)引水隧洞
···················································································································· 4 (二)调压井 ·
·················································································································· 4 (三)压力管道
···························································································································· 5 三.工程施工 ·
········································································································· 5 (一)首部枢纽施工 ·
········································································································· 5 (二)引水隧洞施工 ·
············································································································· 6 (三)调压井施工 ·
········································································································· 7 (四)压力管道施工 ·
········································································································· 7 (五)厂区工程施工 ·
···················································································································· 8 四、工程基本概算 ·
·················································································································· 8 (一)平均工资
·················································································································· 8 (二)材料原价
··························································································· 9 (三)施工用电、风、水价格
····································································································· 9 (四)施工用砂石单价 ·
····································································································· 9 (五)施工机械使用费 ·
····································································································· 9 (六)混凝土材料单价 ·
································································································· 9 (七)建筑安装工程单价 ·
五、工程量清单 ······················································································································· 10
(一) 建筑工程 ·············································································································· 10 (二)机电设备及安装工程····························································································· 14 (三)金属结构设备及安装工程 ····················································································· 17 (四)施工临时工程 ········································································································ 18 (五)独立费用 ················································································································ 19 六、水库淹没移民补偿费、环保费用、水保费用 ·································································· 19
结束语 ······························································································································· 20 ·························································································································· 20 参考文献 ·
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双磨房水电站工程的概预算
周彤
摘要
双磨房水电站是抚边河右岸一级支流美卧沟梯级开发的第二级电站,主要任务是发电,为单一径流引水式电站。本文按照电站取水设计、装机,电站的首部枢纽、输水系统、厂区枢纽三大部分按国家标准进行分析预算。
关键词
水电站 取水 输水 枢纽
前言
双磨房水电站位于四川省小金县抚边河右岸一级支流美卧沟,为十一类工资地区,为解决当地用电问题,兴建单一径流引水式电站。本文根据设计要求 对人工费、材料费、施工单价等进行分析预算,拟提供一个施工用的参考数据。
一.工程概况
双磨房水电站是抚边河右岸一级支流美卧沟梯级开发的第二级电站,主要任务是发电,为单一径流引水式电站,电站取水枢纽控制流域面积169km2。电站设计引用流量9.5m3/s,设计工作水头264.0m。装机20000kW(2×10000kW),电站由首部枢纽、输水系统、厂区枢纽三大部分组成。资本金20%,贷款80%,贷款利率7.38%。
二.工程设计情况
根据我国《防洪标准》(GB50201-94)“水利水电枢纽工程的等级和级别”及行业标准《水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计安全标准》(DL5180—2003)的规定,本工程属IV等小(1)型工程,主要建筑物按照四级设计,次要及临时建筑物按照五级设计。工程施工总工期38个月。
在选择闸址处右岸布置三孔泄洪冲砂闸,闸孔宽×高=4.5×4.0m,采用平面钢质闸门,闸底板高程3010.00m,闸墩顶部高程3017.00m。
在坝址右岸紧靠泄洪冲砂闸设置长15.0m(溢流堰长14.0m)的溢流坝段,
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坝顶高程3015.00,坝底高程3008.5,最大坝高7.5m。
在左岸拦河闸上游设一孔进水闸,闸孔宽×高=2.5×2.3m,底板高程3009.00。在进水闸前设置导水墙及拦砂坎,导水墙顶部高程3017.00,拦砂坎顶部高程3013.00m。在进水闸室上游段设置检修门槽兼作拦污栅槽,孔口宽×高=3.5×3.0m。
在闸坝前前设25.0m长厚0.70m的C20埋石砼铺盖;在闸(坝)后设24.0m长厚0.8m的C25砼护坦,护坦下设反滤层,护坦上设排水孔,护坦末端设抛石防冲槽。闸坝下泄水流均采用远趋水跃消能。引水系统由引水隧洞、调压井、压力钢管三部分组成。
(一)引水隧洞
根据隧洞进水口的地形、地质条件、进水口水位情况等,确定采用进水闸作为进水口型式,闸孔尺寸宽×高=2.5×2.0m,进水闸底板高程3009.00,进水闸与主河道之间设导水墙及拦砂坎,拦砂坎顶部高程3013.00m,比泄洪冲砂闸底板高程高出3.5m,从而可有效拦截泥沙。进水闸闸室高9.5m,在闸室前端设拦污栅槽(与检修闸门合用一门槽),槽宽3.5m。在闸室上部设启闭机工作桥。
本工程引水线路总长度为10441.45m,均为马蹄形断面,过水断面面积5.29m2,本阶段设计主要研究隧洞纵坡及衬砌方案。
隧洞全长10441.45m,根据工程总体布置及运用要求,共设6个施工支洞。里程桩号分别为:1+567.50,2+718.34,4+422.00,6+385.10,8+027.02,9+460.13,长度分别为:98.3m,180.0m,313.5m,227.0m,319.5m,149.5m。
隧洞沿线根据地形、地质条件,共设8个转点,转弯半径分别为60m,150,500m,150m,150m,150m,150m,150m。转弯角度分别为59°30′23″,29°16′44″,20°30′13″,7°5′13″,12°5′45″,28°14′29″,18°55′52″,51°11′5″。
隧洞混凝土及钢筋混凝土衬砌R1=2.2m,R2=1.1m,根据引水及调压井布置要求,隧洞纵坡均为2.078/1000。
根据隧洞沿线的围岩类别,由于隧洞沿线地质条件不是很好,加上为有压运用,因此对洞身进出口段及跨沟段不同的围岩特点分段采用钢筋混凝土衬砌,
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对其他洞段根据围岩情况分别采用钢筋混凝土、混凝土衬砌。
(二)调压井
调压井采用埋藏式阻抗式调压井,直径8.0m,底板高程2977.30m,顶高程3025.58m。最高涌浪水位3021.58m,最低涌浪水位2982.98m,正常水位2991.00m,调压井高度48.28m,衬砌厚度1.0m。交通通气洞顶拱120°范围内进行回填灌浆。
(三)压力管道
压力钢管为埋藏式,主管总长597.27m,包括上平段、斜段、下平段,其后接两条支管,均采用16MnR钢板衬砌。内水压力作用下的结构分析,针对不同管段采用了不同的计算方法。上平段、斜段及靠近山体内侧的下平段按埋管方法计算。靠近山体外侧的下平段及支管按明管方法设计。钢管厚度分析结果:G0+000.0~G0+233.22m壁厚为12mm ;G0+233.22~G0+377.76m壁厚为16mm;G0+377.76~G0+579.27m壁厚为20mm;支管壁厚为16mm;材料均为16MnR。
厂区枢纽布置:经过动能经济比较,本电站采用两台冲击式水轮机发电机组,容量2×10.5MW。按厂家提供资料,机组间距由上部发电机尺寸控制,根据风道外径和调速器的位置,这两个因素要求机组间距12m,才能满足运行时要求,按此要求确定机组间距12m。
主厂房上游侧有主阀,下游侧布置主要吊装通道,根据两者要求,选吊车跨度LK=14.0m(标准跨度),相应要求构架主跨16.0m。
安装间布置在主厂房右侧,长12.5m,安装间构架主跨16.0m,与主机间一致,满足吊车运行要求。
根据机组资料,水轮机层层高6.73m,为机电的附属设备提供空间。在布置上,油气系统占临河侧,电气设备、电缆占远河侧。
在主厂房后面布置厂变、励磁、6.3KV开关室和35KV开关室、工具室,在主厂房右侧布置中控室、值班室等。
按上述原则布置,主厂房总长37.02m,总宽16.00m,总高27.74m。水轮机安装高程2719.16m,水轮机层地面高程2720.41m,尾水管底板高程2715.65m;建基面高程为2713.15m;发电机层楼面高程为2726.14m,吊车梁轨顶高程2733.84m,屋顶面高程2738.89m。副厂房总长37.02m,总宽5.0m,总高5.75m。
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由于地形条件的限制,升压站只能布置在厂房的右侧,安置主变及相关的开关设备构架,长为30m,宽为20m。
主厂房后接尾水渠,尾水池为梯形,底板高程2715.65m,宽18.73m,边坡1 : 1。本站校核尾水位为2717.16m,发电尾水通过尾水渠汇入原道河中。
三.工程施工 (一)首部枢纽施工 1、工程概况
取水枢纽在在选择闸址处右岸布置三孔泄洪冲砂闸,闸孔宽×高=4.5×4.0m,采用平面钢质闸门,闸底板高程3010.00m,闸墩顶部高程3017.00m。在坝址右岸紧靠泄洪冲砂闸设置长15.0m(溢流堰长14.0m)的溢流坝段,坝顶高程3015.00,坝底高程3008.5,最大坝高7.5m。在左岸拦河闸上游设一孔进水闸,闸孔宽×高=2.5×2.3m,底板高程3009.00。在闸坝前前设25.0m长、厚0.70m的C20埋石砼铺盖;在闸(坝)后设24.0m长、厚0.8m的C25砼护坦,护坦下设反滤层,护坦上设排水孔,护坦末端设抛石防冲槽。闸坝下泄水流均采用远趋水跃消能。
2、施工方法
(1)土石方开挖:土方开挖采用人工开挖,人工装渣,拖拉机运输至碴场。石方开挖采用YT-28风钻打眼,电力起爆,人工装渣,拖拉机运输至碴场。
(2)混凝土浇筑:由搅拌机拌制混凝土,胶轮车运输入仓浇筑,2.2kw插入式振捣器振捣。
(3)土石回填:人工取土回填,蛙夯机夯实。
(4)浆砌石:于开挖料中捡选堆存,人工抬运安砌,人工拌制砂浆,胶轮车运输至工作面。
(5)大块石回填:在开挖料中分选,拖拉机运输,人工抛填。 (二)引水隧洞施工 1、主要施工特性
本工程引水线路总长度为10441.45m,均为马蹄形断面,过水断面面积5.29m2,共设6个施工支洞。根据隧洞沿线的围岩类别,由于隧洞沿线地质条件不是很好,加上为有压运用,因此对洞身进出口段及跨沟段不同的围岩特点
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分段采用钢筋混凝土衬砌,对其他洞段根据围岩情况分别采用钢筋混凝土、混凝土衬砌。
2、施工方法
引水隧洞采用钻爆法开挖,采用有轨运输,施工均采用先开挖、后衬砌的顺序作业方式。
引水隧洞采用YT-30手风钻钻爆全断面开挖,光面爆破,人工装碴,0.6m3斗车运输至洞口,5#、6#支洞处直接弃置坡脚,1#~4#支洞处用装载机装渣,自卸汽车转运至渣场。
引水隧洞按不同围岩类别安排循环进尺,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类围岩,开挖后视围岩稳定情况采用锚喷临时支护,循环进尺2.0m,综合月进尺80m;Ⅴ类围岩段的开挖遵循“短进尺、弱爆破、强支护、勤量测、及时封闭”的施工原则,开挖爆破后及时进行系统锚喷及挂网临时支护,局部地段辅以钢支撑支护。Ⅴ类围岩循环进尺1.5m,综合月进尺50m。
由于引水隧洞施工控制段较长,独头掘进最大长度近1.2km,为缩短排烟时间和保证良好的工作环境,施工过程中应加强通风,拟采用88-1双级对旋式轴流风机(2×25kW)进行压入式通风,风机布置在洞口,风管直径0.3m。
在地下水较丰富的洞段,采用沿隧洞周边预注浆防水,施工期渗水采用设排水沟或隔段设积水坑进行抽排。
混凝土衬砌采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,索道运至洞口,手推矿车0.6m3自制砼罐车洞内运输,边顶拱泵送入仓,底板人力辅助直接入仓,组合钢模施工。混凝土衬砌边顶拱浇筑月进尺150m,底板混凝土浇筑月进尺300m。
固结灌浆采用手风钻钻孔,回填灌浆采用手风钻钻孔或预留灌浆管,灰浆搅拌机制浆,50/10型灌浆泵灌浆。
(三)调压井施工 1、主要施工特性
调压井为埋藏式阻抗式,直径8.0m,底板高程2977.30m,顶高程3025.58m。最高涌浪水位3021.58m,最低涌浪水位2982.98m,正常水位2991.00m,调压井高度48.28m,衬砌厚度1.0m。交通通气洞顶拱120°范围内进行回填灌浆。
2、施工方法
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(1)土石明挖
土方开挖采用装载机铲装,配自卸汽车运输至渣场。岩石明挖采用手风钻钻孔,浅孔松动爆破,孔深1.2~1.5m,装载机装渣配自卸汽车运输至渣场。
(2)石方洞挖
平洞采用手风钻钻孔,人工装渣,0.6m3斗车运输出洞,装载机配自卸汽车转运至渣场。竖井采用正导井开挖方式,导井用卷扬机提升通风洞出渣,扩挖时,从调压井下部平管段出渣。
(3)砼
采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,砼罐车运输至洞口,斗车转运入仓。 (4)固结灌浆
固结灌浆采用手风钻钻孔,灰浆搅拌机制浆,50/10型灌浆泵灌浆。 (四)压力管道施工 1、施工特性
压力管道采用“一管两机”供水方式。压力钢管主管长579.27m,主管管径1.6m。由“Y”型岔管接两条支管,两支管总长为24.94m,管径1.0m。管道钢材选用16Mn低合金钢。
2、施工方法
压力管道主管长度579.29m,为了节约工期,减少对厂房、调压井施工压力,在压力管道中部分设2个支洞,进入斜井开挖,其程序按开挖→钢管就位→混凝土回填的施工程序进行施工。
压力管道平洞采用全断面开挖,人工装渣,斗车运输至洞口,装载机装渣,自卸汽车转运至渣场。斜井采用下行全断开挖,卷扬机提升至上工作面从支洞转运出渣。
压力钢管在加工场制作,钢管用索道运至安装现场。钢管安装后,即进行二期混凝土浇筑。
砼浇筑采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,砼罐车运输,人工转运入仓,插入式振捣器振捣。
(五)厂区工程施工
厂址位于美卧沟的一级阶地上,地形起伏较小并缓倾下游,天然边坡稳定。
7
主厂房总长37.02m,总宽16.00m,总高27.74m。水轮机安装高程2719.16m。副厂房总长37.02m,总宽5.0m,总高5.75m。升压站布置在厂房的左侧,安置主变及相关的开关设备构架。在主厂房后接尾水渠。尾水池为梯形,正常尾水位为2715.65m。
土方开挖采用1.6m3挖掘机装碴配8t自卸汽车运输出碴。石方开挖采用YT-28风钻打眼,电力起爆,1.6m3挖掘机装碴配8t自卸汽车运输出碴。
土石回填利用开挖料,1m3装载机运直接回填,蛙夯夯实。
砼采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,胶轮车运输,8t井架提升入仓,组合钢模施工,机械振捣。
浆砌石于开挖料中捡选堆存,人工抬运安砌,人工拌制砂浆,胶轮车运输。
四、工程基本概算 (一)平均工资
本工程位于四川省小金县,为十一类工资地区,根据国办发[2001]14号文规定,属三类艰苦边远地区,艰苦边远地区平均工资172元/月。
(二)材料原价
根据设计拟定的材料供应方式计算主要材料预算价格。材料原价(除炸药按国家定价外)按2009年3季度建设单位提供的价格资料和实际调查的市场大宗批发价或出厂价确定。
1、钢材
钢筋拟由成都钢厂供货,由汽车运320km至工地,原价由厂家确定为4200元/t。
钢板及其它型钢由成都钢厂供货。 2、木材
当地木材公司供货,汽车运输60km至工地仓库。板枋材原价1500元/m3。 3、水泥
水泥由拉法基水泥厂供应,由汽车运270km至工地。原价580元/ t。 4、油料
当地油库供货,汽车运输60km至工地油库。原价采用批发价。
8
汽油 7800元/t 柴油 7500元/t 5、炸药
雅安化工厂供货,汽车运输550km至炸药库。原价采用批发价 2#岩石铵梯炸药 9000元/t 4#抗水岩石铵梯炸药 9500元/t 6、运价及运杂费
公路:普通货物按调研的市场价格拟定。 7、运输保险费
参照中国人民保险公司1997年7月发布的《货物运输保险条款》规定计算。 8、其他次要材料预算价
按当地材料现行市场价格加运至现场运杂费拟定。 (三)施工用电、风、水价格 1、施工用电价格
本工程施工用电主要考虑电网供电95%、少量自发电5%。地方电网外购电价为0.6803元/kW.h计算电 价
2、施工用风、水价格
按施工组织设计拟定的设备清单及有关设计资料计算本工程所需风、水预算价格。经计算风价:0.26元/m3,工程用水价:0.84元/m3。
(四)施工用砂石单价
该工程骨料采用当地购粗骨料。运距30公里。块石由人工拣集.原价为: 砂:80元/m3 石:10元/m3 块石:40元/m3 (五)施工机械使用费
根据施工组织设计提供的设备清单及水利部水总(2002)116号文颁发的《水利工程施工机械台时费定额》计算。
(六)混凝土材料单价
根据设计确定的不同工程部位的混凝土标号、级配和龄期,参照“四川省水利水电建筑工程预算定额”附录中混凝土材料配合比表计算。
(七)建筑安装工程单价
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1、建筑工程单价
按水工建筑物结构型式、断面尺寸、施工组织设计确定的施工方法、主要机械规格、型号,选用相应的定额编制。
2、安装工程单价
设备安装费,包括未计价装置性材料安装费,均按《四川省水利水电工程 设计概(估)算编制规定》计算。
五、工程量清单 (一) 建筑工程
六、水库淹没移民补偿费、环保费用、水保费用
水库淹没移民补偿费277.6万元,环保费用89.3万元,水保费用504.9万元。
结束语
本方案编制时本着国家的政策法规和实事求是的态度,根据工程设计图纸进行编制。在施工的过程中。如遇到了一些图纸变更或者材料及价格改变的问题,应当进行调整。本预算是本人根据所学的知识,进行的工程预算的具体操作,难免有不妥之处,一经发现,将立即改正。
参考文献
1、《防洪标准》(GB50201-94)“水利水电枢纽工程的等级和级别”及行业标准《水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计安全标准》(DL5180—2003)的规定,本工程属IV等小(1)型工程
2、《水利工程施工机械台时费定额》
3、《四川省水利水电工程设计概(估)算编制规定》
20
四川广播电视大学
毕业论文
课题名称___ __双磨房水电站工程概预算________
学生姓名______ 周_ __ 彤___________
学 号_____ [1**********]951 _________
专 业______ 工 程 造 价____________
班 级_______ 2 0 0 9 春___________
指导老师_______ 周__________亮___________
二0 一 一 年 一 月 十五 日
目录
摘要 ····································································································································· 2 关键词 ································································································································· 2 前言 ····································································································································· 2 一.工程概况 ····························································································································· 2 ···················································································································· 2 二.工程设计情况 ·
·················································································································· 3 (一)引水隧洞
···················································································································· 4 (二)调压井 ·
·················································································································· 4 (三)压力管道
···························································································································· 5 三.工程施工 ·
········································································································· 5 (一)首部枢纽施工 ·
········································································································· 5 (二)引水隧洞施工 ·
············································································································· 6 (三)调压井施工 ·
········································································································· 7 (四)压力管道施工 ·
········································································································· 7 (五)厂区工程施工 ·
···················································································································· 8 四、工程基本概算 ·
·················································································································· 8 (一)平均工资
·················································································································· 8 (二)材料原价
··························································································· 9 (三)施工用电、风、水价格
····································································································· 9 (四)施工用砂石单价 ·
····································································································· 9 (五)施工机械使用费 ·
····································································································· 9 (六)混凝土材料单价 ·
································································································· 9 (七)建筑安装工程单价 ·
五、工程量清单 ······················································································································· 10
(一) 建筑工程 ·············································································································· 10 (二)机电设备及安装工程····························································································· 14 (三)金属结构设备及安装工程 ····················································································· 17 (四)施工临时工程 ········································································································ 18 (五)独立费用 ················································································································ 19 六、水库淹没移民补偿费、环保费用、水保费用 ·································································· 19
结束语 ······························································································································· 20 ·························································································································· 20 参考文献 ·
1
双磨房水电站工程的概预算
周彤
摘要
双磨房水电站是抚边河右岸一级支流美卧沟梯级开发的第二级电站,主要任务是发电,为单一径流引水式电站。本文按照电站取水设计、装机,电站的首部枢纽、输水系统、厂区枢纽三大部分按国家标准进行分析预算。
关键词
水电站 取水 输水 枢纽
前言
双磨房水电站位于四川省小金县抚边河右岸一级支流美卧沟,为十一类工资地区,为解决当地用电问题,兴建单一径流引水式电站。本文根据设计要求 对人工费、材料费、施工单价等进行分析预算,拟提供一个施工用的参考数据。
一.工程概况
双磨房水电站是抚边河右岸一级支流美卧沟梯级开发的第二级电站,主要任务是发电,为单一径流引水式电站,电站取水枢纽控制流域面积169km2。电站设计引用流量9.5m3/s,设计工作水头264.0m。装机20000kW(2×10000kW),电站由首部枢纽、输水系统、厂区枢纽三大部分组成。资本金20%,贷款80%,贷款利率7.38%。
二.工程设计情况
根据我国《防洪标准》(GB50201-94)“水利水电枢纽工程的等级和级别”及行业标准《水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计安全标准》(DL5180—2003)的规定,本工程属IV等小(1)型工程,主要建筑物按照四级设计,次要及临时建筑物按照五级设计。工程施工总工期38个月。
在选择闸址处右岸布置三孔泄洪冲砂闸,闸孔宽×高=4.5×4.0m,采用平面钢质闸门,闸底板高程3010.00m,闸墩顶部高程3017.00m。
在坝址右岸紧靠泄洪冲砂闸设置长15.0m(溢流堰长14.0m)的溢流坝段,
2
坝顶高程3015.00,坝底高程3008.5,最大坝高7.5m。
在左岸拦河闸上游设一孔进水闸,闸孔宽×高=2.5×2.3m,底板高程3009.00。在进水闸前设置导水墙及拦砂坎,导水墙顶部高程3017.00,拦砂坎顶部高程3013.00m。在进水闸室上游段设置检修门槽兼作拦污栅槽,孔口宽×高=3.5×3.0m。
在闸坝前前设25.0m长厚0.70m的C20埋石砼铺盖;在闸(坝)后设24.0m长厚0.8m的C25砼护坦,护坦下设反滤层,护坦上设排水孔,护坦末端设抛石防冲槽。闸坝下泄水流均采用远趋水跃消能。引水系统由引水隧洞、调压井、压力钢管三部分组成。
(一)引水隧洞
根据隧洞进水口的地形、地质条件、进水口水位情况等,确定采用进水闸作为进水口型式,闸孔尺寸宽×高=2.5×2.0m,进水闸底板高程3009.00,进水闸与主河道之间设导水墙及拦砂坎,拦砂坎顶部高程3013.00m,比泄洪冲砂闸底板高程高出3.5m,从而可有效拦截泥沙。进水闸闸室高9.5m,在闸室前端设拦污栅槽(与检修闸门合用一门槽),槽宽3.5m。在闸室上部设启闭机工作桥。
本工程引水线路总长度为10441.45m,均为马蹄形断面,过水断面面积5.29m2,本阶段设计主要研究隧洞纵坡及衬砌方案。
隧洞全长10441.45m,根据工程总体布置及运用要求,共设6个施工支洞。里程桩号分别为:1+567.50,2+718.34,4+422.00,6+385.10,8+027.02,9+460.13,长度分别为:98.3m,180.0m,313.5m,227.0m,319.5m,149.5m。
隧洞沿线根据地形、地质条件,共设8个转点,转弯半径分别为60m,150,500m,150m,150m,150m,150m,150m。转弯角度分别为59°30′23″,29°16′44″,20°30′13″,7°5′13″,12°5′45″,28°14′29″,18°55′52″,51°11′5″。
隧洞混凝土及钢筋混凝土衬砌R1=2.2m,R2=1.1m,根据引水及调压井布置要求,隧洞纵坡均为2.078/1000。
根据隧洞沿线的围岩类别,由于隧洞沿线地质条件不是很好,加上为有压运用,因此对洞身进出口段及跨沟段不同的围岩特点分段采用钢筋混凝土衬砌,
3
对其他洞段根据围岩情况分别采用钢筋混凝土、混凝土衬砌。
(二)调压井
调压井采用埋藏式阻抗式调压井,直径8.0m,底板高程2977.30m,顶高程3025.58m。最高涌浪水位3021.58m,最低涌浪水位2982.98m,正常水位2991.00m,调压井高度48.28m,衬砌厚度1.0m。交通通气洞顶拱120°范围内进行回填灌浆。
(三)压力管道
压力钢管为埋藏式,主管总长597.27m,包括上平段、斜段、下平段,其后接两条支管,均采用16MnR钢板衬砌。内水压力作用下的结构分析,针对不同管段采用了不同的计算方法。上平段、斜段及靠近山体内侧的下平段按埋管方法计算。靠近山体外侧的下平段及支管按明管方法设计。钢管厚度分析结果:G0+000.0~G0+233.22m壁厚为12mm ;G0+233.22~G0+377.76m壁厚为16mm;G0+377.76~G0+579.27m壁厚为20mm;支管壁厚为16mm;材料均为16MnR。
厂区枢纽布置:经过动能经济比较,本电站采用两台冲击式水轮机发电机组,容量2×10.5MW。按厂家提供资料,机组间距由上部发电机尺寸控制,根据风道外径和调速器的位置,这两个因素要求机组间距12m,才能满足运行时要求,按此要求确定机组间距12m。
主厂房上游侧有主阀,下游侧布置主要吊装通道,根据两者要求,选吊车跨度LK=14.0m(标准跨度),相应要求构架主跨16.0m。
安装间布置在主厂房右侧,长12.5m,安装间构架主跨16.0m,与主机间一致,满足吊车运行要求。
根据机组资料,水轮机层层高6.73m,为机电的附属设备提供空间。在布置上,油气系统占临河侧,电气设备、电缆占远河侧。
在主厂房后面布置厂变、励磁、6.3KV开关室和35KV开关室、工具室,在主厂房右侧布置中控室、值班室等。
按上述原则布置,主厂房总长37.02m,总宽16.00m,总高27.74m。水轮机安装高程2719.16m,水轮机层地面高程2720.41m,尾水管底板高程2715.65m;建基面高程为2713.15m;发电机层楼面高程为2726.14m,吊车梁轨顶高程2733.84m,屋顶面高程2738.89m。副厂房总长37.02m,总宽5.0m,总高5.75m。
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由于地形条件的限制,升压站只能布置在厂房的右侧,安置主变及相关的开关设备构架,长为30m,宽为20m。
主厂房后接尾水渠,尾水池为梯形,底板高程2715.65m,宽18.73m,边坡1 : 1。本站校核尾水位为2717.16m,发电尾水通过尾水渠汇入原道河中。
三.工程施工 (一)首部枢纽施工 1、工程概况
取水枢纽在在选择闸址处右岸布置三孔泄洪冲砂闸,闸孔宽×高=4.5×4.0m,采用平面钢质闸门,闸底板高程3010.00m,闸墩顶部高程3017.00m。在坝址右岸紧靠泄洪冲砂闸设置长15.0m(溢流堰长14.0m)的溢流坝段,坝顶高程3015.00,坝底高程3008.5,最大坝高7.5m。在左岸拦河闸上游设一孔进水闸,闸孔宽×高=2.5×2.3m,底板高程3009.00。在闸坝前前设25.0m长、厚0.70m的C20埋石砼铺盖;在闸(坝)后设24.0m长、厚0.8m的C25砼护坦,护坦下设反滤层,护坦上设排水孔,护坦末端设抛石防冲槽。闸坝下泄水流均采用远趋水跃消能。
2、施工方法
(1)土石方开挖:土方开挖采用人工开挖,人工装渣,拖拉机运输至碴场。石方开挖采用YT-28风钻打眼,电力起爆,人工装渣,拖拉机运输至碴场。
(2)混凝土浇筑:由搅拌机拌制混凝土,胶轮车运输入仓浇筑,2.2kw插入式振捣器振捣。
(3)土石回填:人工取土回填,蛙夯机夯实。
(4)浆砌石:于开挖料中捡选堆存,人工抬运安砌,人工拌制砂浆,胶轮车运输至工作面。
(5)大块石回填:在开挖料中分选,拖拉机运输,人工抛填。 (二)引水隧洞施工 1、主要施工特性
本工程引水线路总长度为10441.45m,均为马蹄形断面,过水断面面积5.29m2,共设6个施工支洞。根据隧洞沿线的围岩类别,由于隧洞沿线地质条件不是很好,加上为有压运用,因此对洞身进出口段及跨沟段不同的围岩特点
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分段采用钢筋混凝土衬砌,对其他洞段根据围岩情况分别采用钢筋混凝土、混凝土衬砌。
2、施工方法
引水隧洞采用钻爆法开挖,采用有轨运输,施工均采用先开挖、后衬砌的顺序作业方式。
引水隧洞采用YT-30手风钻钻爆全断面开挖,光面爆破,人工装碴,0.6m3斗车运输至洞口,5#、6#支洞处直接弃置坡脚,1#~4#支洞处用装载机装渣,自卸汽车转运至渣场。
引水隧洞按不同围岩类别安排循环进尺,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类围岩,开挖后视围岩稳定情况采用锚喷临时支护,循环进尺2.0m,综合月进尺80m;Ⅴ类围岩段的开挖遵循“短进尺、弱爆破、强支护、勤量测、及时封闭”的施工原则,开挖爆破后及时进行系统锚喷及挂网临时支护,局部地段辅以钢支撑支护。Ⅴ类围岩循环进尺1.5m,综合月进尺50m。
由于引水隧洞施工控制段较长,独头掘进最大长度近1.2km,为缩短排烟时间和保证良好的工作环境,施工过程中应加强通风,拟采用88-1双级对旋式轴流风机(2×25kW)进行压入式通风,风机布置在洞口,风管直径0.3m。
在地下水较丰富的洞段,采用沿隧洞周边预注浆防水,施工期渗水采用设排水沟或隔段设积水坑进行抽排。
混凝土衬砌采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,索道运至洞口,手推矿车0.6m3自制砼罐车洞内运输,边顶拱泵送入仓,底板人力辅助直接入仓,组合钢模施工。混凝土衬砌边顶拱浇筑月进尺150m,底板混凝土浇筑月进尺300m。
固结灌浆采用手风钻钻孔,回填灌浆采用手风钻钻孔或预留灌浆管,灰浆搅拌机制浆,50/10型灌浆泵灌浆。
(三)调压井施工 1、主要施工特性
调压井为埋藏式阻抗式,直径8.0m,底板高程2977.30m,顶高程3025.58m。最高涌浪水位3021.58m,最低涌浪水位2982.98m,正常水位2991.00m,调压井高度48.28m,衬砌厚度1.0m。交通通气洞顶拱120°范围内进行回填灌浆。
2、施工方法
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(1)土石明挖
土方开挖采用装载机铲装,配自卸汽车运输至渣场。岩石明挖采用手风钻钻孔,浅孔松动爆破,孔深1.2~1.5m,装载机装渣配自卸汽车运输至渣场。
(2)石方洞挖
平洞采用手风钻钻孔,人工装渣,0.6m3斗车运输出洞,装载机配自卸汽车转运至渣场。竖井采用正导井开挖方式,导井用卷扬机提升通风洞出渣,扩挖时,从调压井下部平管段出渣。
(3)砼
采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,砼罐车运输至洞口,斗车转运入仓。 (4)固结灌浆
固结灌浆采用手风钻钻孔,灰浆搅拌机制浆,50/10型灌浆泵灌浆。 (四)压力管道施工 1、施工特性
压力管道采用“一管两机”供水方式。压力钢管主管长579.27m,主管管径1.6m。由“Y”型岔管接两条支管,两支管总长为24.94m,管径1.0m。管道钢材选用16Mn低合金钢。
2、施工方法
压力管道主管长度579.29m,为了节约工期,减少对厂房、调压井施工压力,在压力管道中部分设2个支洞,进入斜井开挖,其程序按开挖→钢管就位→混凝土回填的施工程序进行施工。
压力管道平洞采用全断面开挖,人工装渣,斗车运输至洞口,装载机装渣,自卸汽车转运至渣场。斜井采用下行全断开挖,卷扬机提升至上工作面从支洞转运出渣。
压力钢管在加工场制作,钢管用索道运至安装现场。钢管安装后,即进行二期混凝土浇筑。
砼浇筑采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,砼罐车运输,人工转运入仓,插入式振捣器振捣。
(五)厂区工程施工
厂址位于美卧沟的一级阶地上,地形起伏较小并缓倾下游,天然边坡稳定。
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主厂房总长37.02m,总宽16.00m,总高27.74m。水轮机安装高程2719.16m。副厂房总长37.02m,总宽5.0m,总高5.75m。升压站布置在厂房的左侧,安置主变及相关的开关设备构架。在主厂房后接尾水渠。尾水池为梯形,正常尾水位为2715.65m。
土方开挖采用1.6m3挖掘机装碴配8t自卸汽车运输出碴。石方开挖采用YT-28风钻打眼,电力起爆,1.6m3挖掘机装碴配8t自卸汽车运输出碴。
土石回填利用开挖料,1m3装载机运直接回填,蛙夯夯实。
砼采用0.5m3拌和机拌制砼,胶轮车运输,8t井架提升入仓,组合钢模施工,机械振捣。
浆砌石于开挖料中捡选堆存,人工抬运安砌,人工拌制砂浆,胶轮车运输。
四、工程基本概算 (一)平均工资
本工程位于四川省小金县,为十一类工资地区,根据国办发[2001]14号文规定,属三类艰苦边远地区,艰苦边远地区平均工资172元/月。
(二)材料原价
根据设计拟定的材料供应方式计算主要材料预算价格。材料原价(除炸药按国家定价外)按2009年3季度建设单位提供的价格资料和实际调查的市场大宗批发价或出厂价确定。
1、钢材
钢筋拟由成都钢厂供货,由汽车运320km至工地,原价由厂家确定为4200元/t。
钢板及其它型钢由成都钢厂供货。 2、木材
当地木材公司供货,汽车运输60km至工地仓库。板枋材原价1500元/m3。 3、水泥
水泥由拉法基水泥厂供应,由汽车运270km至工地。原价580元/ t。 4、油料
当地油库供货,汽车运输60km至工地油库。原价采用批发价。
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汽油 7800元/t 柴油 7500元/t 5、炸药
雅安化工厂供货,汽车运输550km至炸药库。原价采用批发价 2#岩石铵梯炸药 9000元/t 4#抗水岩石铵梯炸药 9500元/t 6、运价及运杂费
公路:普通货物按调研的市场价格拟定。 7、运输保险费
参照中国人民保险公司1997年7月发布的《货物运输保险条款》规定计算。 8、其他次要材料预算价
按当地材料现行市场价格加运至现场运杂费拟定。 (三)施工用电、风、水价格 1、施工用电价格
本工程施工用电主要考虑电网供电95%、少量自发电5%。地方电网外购电价为0.6803元/kW.h计算电 价
2、施工用风、水价格
按施工组织设计拟定的设备清单及有关设计资料计算本工程所需风、水预算价格。经计算风价:0.26元/m3,工程用水价:0.84元/m3。
(四)施工用砂石单价
该工程骨料采用当地购粗骨料。运距30公里。块石由人工拣集.原价为: 砂:80元/m3 石:10元/m3 块石:40元/m3 (五)施工机械使用费
根据施工组织设计提供的设备清单及水利部水总(2002)116号文颁发的《水利工程施工机械台时费定额》计算。
(六)混凝土材料单价
根据设计确定的不同工程部位的混凝土标号、级配和龄期,参照“四川省水利水电建筑工程预算定额”附录中混凝土材料配合比表计算。
(七)建筑安装工程单价
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1、建筑工程单价
按水工建筑物结构型式、断面尺寸、施工组织设计确定的施工方法、主要机械规格、型号,选用相应的定额编制。
2、安装工程单价
设备安装费,包括未计价装置性材料安装费,均按《四川省水利水电工程 设计概(估)算编制规定》计算。
五、工程量清单 (一) 建筑工程
六、水库淹没移民补偿费、环保费用、水保费用
水库淹没移民补偿费277.6万元,环保费用89.3万元,水保费用504.9万元。
结束语
本方案编制时本着国家的政策法规和实事求是的态度,根据工程设计图纸进行编制。在施工的过程中。如遇到了一些图纸变更或者材料及价格改变的问题,应当进行调整。本预算是本人根据所学的知识,进行的工程预算的具体操作,难免有不妥之处,一经发现,将立即改正。
参考文献
1、《防洪标准》(GB50201-94)“水利水电枢纽工程的等级和级别”及行业标准《水电枢纽工程等级划分及设计安全标准》(DL5180—2003)的规定,本工程属IV等小(1)型工程
2、《水利工程施工机械台时费定额》
3、《四川省水利水电工程设计概(估)算编制规定》
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