Common chemical instruments and methods of use
(a) 1 capable of directly heating the instrument
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Using methods and precautions
Used in evaporating solvent or concentrated solution
Can be directly heated, but not cold. Not too full evaporation solution, level should be 1 cm away from the edge.
Commonly used as a reactor, but also a small amount of gas
Direct heating, take a test tube, with the middle finger, index finger, thumb grasp tube mouth accounted for length of 1 / 3, heating pipe can not be against the people. In a test tube of liquid does not exceed Volume 1 / 2, heating is not more than 1 / 3 of the heating to test tube clamp, and the test tube with the desktop into a 45 degree angle, first to all the liquid heating, then in the bottom of a liquid heating and continue to shake. To solid heating tube to thwart mouth slightly downward tilt.
For burning solid, the reaction (decomposition)
Can be directly heated to a high temperature. When burning should be placed in the mud river, Schnabel. Application crucible should avoid cold gathering.
Burning a small amount of solid matter
Can be directly used for heating, met with Cu, Fe reaction material to spread fine sand or stone Mianrong. On the key pad
2 can be indirect heating (need to pad asbestos network)
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Using methods and precautions
([**************]ml, etc.)
Used to prepare, concentrated, diluted solution. It also can be used as reactor and tube water bath heating.
When heating should be pad asbestos net
According to the volume of liquid with different specifications.
Used as a reactor (especially not heated).
Can not directly heating, heating, to the pad of asbestos mesh. Not suitable for long time heating, when the liquid in the bottle is too small, the heating is easy to make.
A reactor for use under heating conditions
Can not be directly heated, should be pad asbestos network heating. The amount of the liquid should not exceed the capacity of 1 / 2
For distillation and fractionation, also can be used as a gas generator
When heated to cushion asbestos net. Also available in other hot bath.
As the receiver
As a reactor, commonly used in titration operation
In general the asbestos net heating. In the titration operation in the liquid is not easy to spill.
3 unable to heat the instrument
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
Used to collect and store a small amount of gas
Upper surface grinding, the inside is frosted, piece of glass to vaseline oil, to avoid leakage, if in the combustion reaction and formation of solid, add a small amount of water or fine sand in the bottom.
Packaging various reagents, need to be protected from light brown bottle. The jar containing solid, narrow necked bottles containing liquid.
Medial frosted bottle, and are in one-to-one correspondence with the bottle stopper, must not cover wrong. Glass Saibuke containing alkali, dropping bottle not can be long home strong oxidant etc..
Reactor solid + liquid for producing certain gases
The solid is a massive, gas is dissolved in a small reaction with no strong heat release, the rotating gas guide pipe piston control reaction or stop.
(two) measuring instrument
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
The volume of a liquid.
According to the volume of the volume to be taken, choose the size of the right size, to reduce the error. It can not be used as a reactor, can not be used directly in the preparation of the solution.
([**************]ml)
A solution for accurate preparation of a certain amount of a substance.
Not as the reactor, can not be heated, the plug is interchangeable, should not be stored solution, to be used in the marked temperature
V olume used to generate gas.
Note: the amount of gas is insoluble, the intake pipe can not be reversed, should be short.
The weighing of the accuracy required is not high.
Drugs are not directly placed in the tray, the right code. If the right thing, it is said that the quality is less than the actual quality of the material. For example, the actual quality of the 9.6g is 9 - 0.6=8.4g. is generally accurate to 0.1g.
For neutralization titration (also can be used for other titration) experiments, also can be accurately measured volume of liquid volume
Acid buret can not contain alkaline solution, strong oxidizing agents (KMnO4 solution, I2 water) should be placed in acid burette, "zero" scale at the top, accurate to 0.01ml.
A dropper
For sucking or dropping a liquid, a constant number is added to the night.
Must be dedicated, not a multi use, not dropping when in contact with other vessels.
Used to measure temperature
When heated, it can not exceed its maximum range, not when the agitator is used, pay attention to the measurement of temperature, the position of the mercury ball.
(three) used as filtration, separation, and injection of liquid capacity
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
Used as a filter or injection into a small container.
Should be "one of the two low three low"
Used in the assembly of the reactor, which is easy to be injected into the reaction liquid.
Should be inserted at the end of the tube to prevent gas escape
The separation density is different and the mutual non miscible liquid; at any time, the device of the reactor at any time
The liquid, the lower liquid discharged from the outlet, the upper liquid is poured from the alkaline liquid should not be sung;
(four) drying apparatus
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
Inside a solid desiccant or absorbent for drying or absorbing certain gases.
Should pay attention to prevent desiccant liquefaction and failure.
Remove impurities in the gas
Attention to the flow direction should be long tube inlet, outlet pipe
Used to store dry material or dry
Very hot material should be put in a little cold.
(five) other instruments
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
For distillation, condensation of liquefied gas
When assembling the tube head and tail, low, steam and cooling water reverse flow
Used as heat source, the flame temperature is 500 to 600.
Loaded amount of alcohol can not exceed the volume of 2 / 3, but not less than 1 / 4. Heating to flame. Goes out to put a cover over the death, cannot quench
Used as heat source, the flame temperature can reach 1000 degrees centigrade.
The heating needs strong thermal experiments. Such as coal carbonization, carbon reduction of
copper oxide
The lid can be used as evaporation pan or beaker, can be observed inside the case
Can not heat
(six) clip holder
Iron, iron clamp, test tube clamp, burette clamp, crucible clamp, triangle, triangle mud, tweezers, asbestos net.
(seven) instruments and supplies connected
Single hole, double hole plug, no hole plug, glass tube, rubber tube.
There are some other instruments, glass rod, tube brush, mortar, receiver
Common chemical instruments and methods of use
(a) 1 capable of directly heating the instrument
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Using methods and precautions
Used in evaporating solvent or concentrated solution
Can be directly heated, but not cold. Not too full evaporation solution, level should be 1 cm away from the edge.
Commonly used as a reactor, but also a small amount of gas
Direct heating, take a test tube, with the middle finger, index finger, thumb grasp tube mouth accounted for length of 1 / 3, heating pipe can not be against the people. In a test tube of liquid does not exceed Volume 1 / 2, heating is not more than 1 / 3 of the heating to test tube clamp, and the test tube with the desktop into a 45 degree angle, first to all the liquid heating, then in the bottom of a liquid heating and continue to shake. To solid heating tube to thwart mouth slightly downward tilt.
For burning solid, the reaction (decomposition)
Can be directly heated to a high temperature. When burning should be placed in the mud river, Schnabel. Application crucible should avoid cold gathering.
Burning a small amount of solid matter
Can be directly used for heating, met with Cu, Fe reaction material to spread fine sand or stone Mianrong. On the key pad
2 can be indirect heating (need to pad asbestos network)
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Using methods and precautions
([**************]ml, etc.)
Used to prepare, concentrated, diluted solution. It also can be used as reactor and tube water bath heating.
When heating should be pad asbestos net
According to the volume of liquid with different specifications.
Used as a reactor (especially not heated).
Can not directly heating, heating, to the pad of asbestos mesh. Not suitable for long time heating, when the liquid in the bottle is too small, the heating is easy to make.
A reactor for use under heating conditions
Can not be directly heated, should be pad asbestos network heating. The amount of the liquid should not exceed the capacity of 1 / 2
For distillation and fractionation, also can be used as a gas generator
When heated to cushion asbestos net. Also available in other hot bath.
As the receiver
As a reactor, commonly used in titration operation
In general the asbestos net heating. In the titration operation in the liquid is not easy to spill.
3 unable to heat the instrument
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
Used to collect and store a small amount of gas
Upper surface grinding, the inside is frosted, piece of glass to vaseline oil, to avoid leakage, if in the combustion reaction and formation of solid, add a small amount of water or fine sand in the bottom.
Packaging various reagents, need to be protected from light brown bottle. The jar containing solid, narrow necked bottles containing liquid.
Medial frosted bottle, and are in one-to-one correspondence with the bottle stopper, must not cover wrong. Glass Saibuke containing alkali, dropping bottle not can be long home strong oxidant etc..
Reactor solid + liquid for producing certain gases
The solid is a massive, gas is dissolved in a small reaction with no strong heat release, the rotating gas guide pipe piston control reaction or stop.
(two) measuring instrument
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
The volume of a liquid.
According to the volume of the volume to be taken, choose the size of the right size, to reduce the error. It can not be used as a reactor, can not be used directly in the preparation of the solution.
([**************]ml)
A solution for accurate preparation of a certain amount of a substance.
Not as the reactor, can not be heated, the plug is interchangeable, should not be stored solution, to be used in the marked temperature
V olume used to generate gas.
Note: the amount of gas is insoluble, the intake pipe can not be reversed, should be short.
The weighing of the accuracy required is not high.
Drugs are not directly placed in the tray, the right code. If the right thing, it is said that the quality is less than the actual quality of the material. For example, the actual quality of the 9.6g is 9 - 0.6=8.4g. is generally accurate to 0.1g.
For neutralization titration (also can be used for other titration) experiments, also can be accurately measured volume of liquid volume
Acid buret can not contain alkaline solution, strong oxidizing agents (KMnO4 solution, I2 water) should be placed in acid burette, "zero" scale at the top, accurate to 0.01ml.
A dropper
For sucking or dropping a liquid, a constant number is added to the night.
Must be dedicated, not a multi use, not dropping when in contact with other vessels.
Used to measure temperature
When heated, it can not exceed its maximum range, not when the agitator is used, pay attention to the measurement of temperature, the position of the mercury ball.
(three) used as filtration, separation, and injection of liquid capacity
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
Used as a filter or injection into a small container.
Should be "one of the two low three low"
Used in the assembly of the reactor, which is easy to be injected into the reaction liquid.
Should be inserted at the end of the tube to prevent gas escape
The separation density is different and the mutual non miscible liquid; at any time, the device of the reactor at any time
The liquid, the lower liquid discharged from the outlet, the upper liquid is poured from the alkaline liquid should not be sung;
(four) drying apparatus
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
Inside a solid desiccant or absorbent for drying or absorbing certain gases.
Should pay attention to prevent desiccant liquefaction and failure.
Remove impurities in the gas
Attention to the flow direction should be long tube inlet, outlet pipe
Used to store dry material or dry
Very hot material should be put in a little cold.
(five) other instruments
Instrument graphics and name
[化] main application
Use method and matters needing attention
For distillation, condensation of liquefied gas
When assembling the tube head and tail, low, steam and cooling water reverse flow
Used as heat source, the flame temperature is 500 to 600.
Loaded amount of alcohol can not exceed the volume of 2 / 3, but not less than 1 / 4. Heating to flame. Goes out to put a cover over the death, cannot quench
Used as heat source, the flame temperature can reach 1000 degrees centigrade.
The heating needs strong thermal experiments. Such as coal carbonization, carbon reduction of
copper oxide
The lid can be used as evaporation pan or beaker, can be observed inside the case
Can not heat
(six) clip holder
Iron, iron clamp, test tube clamp, burette clamp, crucible clamp, triangle, triangle mud, tweezers, asbestos net.
(seven) instruments and supplies connected
Single hole, double hole plug, no hole plug, glass tube, rubber tube.
There are some other instruments, glass rod, tube brush, mortar, receiver