第一章 名词
I. 语法知识概览
II. 语法知识详解
一、可数名词及其单复数
可数名词有单数和复数形式。名词复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： 1．规则变化
2．不规则变化
【知识补遗】
【中考链接】
（1）Heath is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as to keep healthy. 【2015黑龙江哈尔滨】
A. tomatoes and potatoes B. tomatos and potatos C. tomatos and potatoes 答案：A 。考查名词复数的构成。句意：健康对我们青少年来说非常重要，所以我们要多吃蔬菜如西红柿和土豆来保持健康。tomato 和potato 的复数形式要加-es 。故选A 。
（2）— I'm told your class has three new comers.
— Yes. One is a , the other two are . 【2015湖北黄石】 A. Japan; Germany B. Japanese; German
C. Japanese;Germans D. Japanese; Germen
答案：C 。考查名词复数。句意：“有人告诉我你们班又来了三名新同学。”“是的，一个日本人，两名德国人。” Japan 意为“日本”，指国家；Japanese 意为“日本人，日语”。表达“日本人”的意思时，Japanese 单复数同形。German 意为“德国人，德语”，在表示“德国人”意思时，German 是可数名词，其复数形式为Germans 。
（3）All the ______ are from ______.【2015四川攀枝花】
A. men doctors；Germany B. men doctors；German C. man doctors；Germany D. man doctor；German
答案：A 。考查名词复数及专有名词。句意：所有的男医生都来自德国。“男医生”的复数形式为men doctors。German 德国人；Germany 德国。
（4）— How many can you see in the picture?
— Two. 【2015四川广安】 A. dog
B. child
C. sheeps D. sheep
答案：D 。考查名词复数。句意：“在这张图片中你能看到多少_______？”“两个。”How many 后接可数名词的复数形式。dog 与child 均为单数形式，排除；sheep 的单复数形式相同，故舍C 取D 。
（5）Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American_________.【2015 广东】
A. symbol; culture B. symbol; cultures C. symbols; culture D. symbols; cultures
答案：C 。考查可数名词与不可数名词的使用。句意：“米老鼠”在美国是最著名的_______之一。表达“最„„之一”时，多用“one of + 最高级+名词复数”，所以，symbol 应该用复数symbols ；culture 为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故而答案选C 。
二、不可数名词
不可以直接用来计数的名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。
1．初中英语中，纯粹的不可数名词有work, homework, housework, fun, luck, news,
information, advice, progress等。这些名词的前面无论有无形容词修饰，都不可加不定冠词。 （误）It is really a good advice. （正）It is really good advice.
（正）It is really a piece of good advice. 2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法：
【知识补遗】
【中考链接】
（1） I had some _____, vegetables and two eggs for dinner. 【2015 青海】
A. rice B. noodle C. banana
答案：A 。考查不可数名词的用法。句意：我晚餐吃了一些____，蔬菜和两个鸡蛋。some 后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，而B 和C 两项都是可数名词的单数形式，故而予以排除。rice 是不可数名词，符合语法要求。
（2）Yesterday Lucy told us such good _____that we were all amazed at it. 【2015山东青岛】
A. news B. ideas C. suggestion D. answer
答案：A 。考查可数名词和不可数名词的区别。句意：昨天露茜告诉我如此好的____，我们都为之惊奇。news “消息”，是不可数名词；ideas “办法”，是可数名词的复数形式；suggestion “建议”，是可数名词；answer “回答，答案”，是可数名词。C 和D 项既无冠词，又无复数，故而排除；再根据句尾的单词it ，当知排除B 项。news 为不可数名词，所以答案非A 莫属。
（3）You paid ￥10 for _________this morning. 【2015甘肃兰州】
A. 4 bottle milks B. 4 bottles of milk C. 4 bottles of milks D. 4 milk
答案：B 。考查对不可数名词“数量”的表达。句意：今天早上你买________花了十元。milk 为不可数名词，没有复数形式。在表示不可数名词的量时，不能直接用数词修饰，需在前面搭配上合适的表示数量的词或短语。
（4）Our teachers usually give us some on how to face the difficulties and challenges 【2015新疆乌鲁木齐】
A. advice; brave B. advices; brave C. advices; bravely D. advice; bravely 答案：D 。考查不可数名词和形容词、副词辨析。句意：我们的老师通常给我们提出一些关于如何 地面对困难和挑战的建议。advice “建议”，为不可数名词，可排除B 、C 两项； 修饰动词应该用副词，又可排除A 项，故答案选D 。
三、专有名词
专有名词是表示特定的人、地、组织、机构等所特有名称的词。专有名词的第一个字母大写。
专有名词主要分为以下几类：
【知识补遗】
【中考链接】
（1）—_________ is coming. What can I get for my mother? — What about a scarf ? 【2015湖南郴州】
A. Women’s Day B. Woman’s Day C. Womens’ Day
答案：A 。考查专有名词。句意：“三八妇女节快到了，我该给妈妈买点什么呢？”“围巾怎么样？”“妇女节”是固定的Women ’s Day，所以答案自无旁落。
（2）—Are all the students from _______in your class?
—No, there are only three _______ in our class. The others are from other countries. 【2015四川眉山】
A. Germany; Germen B. Germany; Germans C. German; Germans D. German; Germany
答案：B 。考查专有名词及名词复数。句意：“你班的学生都来自德国吗？”“不，我们班只有3个德国学生，其他都来自于别的国家。”Germany “德国”，专有名词，不可改变；German “德国人”，其复数形式为Germans ，故答案选B 。
四、名词所有格
表示有生命的名词，及表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的名词，后面常加’s来表示所有关系，这就是最常见的一种名词所有格的形式。例如：men’s room , three hours’ walk, a mile’s distance, the moon’s light等。
【中考链接】
（1）—What is ______ brother?
— He is a policeman. 【2015 青海】
A. Jim’s and Paul’s B. Jim and Paul C. Jim and Paul’s
答案：C 。考查名词的所有格的应用。句意：“____的哥哥是干什么的？”“是警察。”由句意可知，这个brother 为Jim and Paul共同拥有，故应在最后一个名词后加’s。答案选C 。
（2）—____ fathers didn’t come to the meeting. Why? — Because they have gone to Beijing. 【2015四川凉山】
A. Jeff’s and Amy’s B. Jeff and Amy C. Jeff’s and Amy D. Jeff and Amy’s
答案：A 。考查名词所有格的应用。句意：“ _____父亲们没有来开会。为什么？”“因为他们去北京了。”由句意可知，句中的fathers 应为Jeff 和Amy 二人分别拥有，所以应在名词后分别加’s。答案选A 。
（3）I live near the station. It's only about five ____ walk. 【2015山东临沂】
A. minute’s B. minute C. minutes’ D. minutes
答案：C 。考查名词所有格的应用。句意：我住在车站附近，走着大约只有五 的路程。句中的walk 意为“步行”，是名词，前面需要修饰语。根据句意，five minutes 修饰名词walk ，应用所有格式，故而答案选C 。
【中考链接】
（1）For kids of this age, two hours of sitting in a classroom ______ too long. 【2015四川绵阳】
A. is B. are C. was D. were
答案：A 。虽然与名词有关，但实际上本题考查的却是主谓一致。句意：对于这个年龄的孩子来说，在教室坐上两个小时就太长了。本题中，two hours作主语，强调整体概念，谓语动词用单数。
（2）— Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes TV is good for us.
— Forty minutes enough. Now you must do your homework. 【2015贵州黔南州】
A. Watch; is B. Watching; was C. Watched；are D. Watching; were
答案：B 。考查动名词作主语及时间名词作主语时谓语动词的用法。句意：“妈妈，我只看了40分钟的电视啊，有时看电视对我们是有好处的。”“40分钟就足够了，现在你必须去做作业。” 第一空缺少主语，用动名词，排除A 和C ；第二空为时间名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，故正确答案选B 。
（3）The number of the volunteers _______ 100 now. And a small number of them _______ already gone to the workplace. 【2015四川南充】
A. is；have B. are；have C. is；are D. is；has
答案：A 。考查名词受a number of 和the number of修饰时的主谓一致。the number of表示“„„的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而a number of意为“许多，大量”，后面修饰复数名词，其结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数，故选A 。
III. 语法知识运用
★ 单项快选
1. Our head teacher often e-mails us _______ in English.
A. some information B. some informations
C. a good information D. a lot of informations
2. I would like to have _______. How about you?
A. two glass of milk B. two glasses of milk
C. two glass of milks D. two glasses of milks
3. Most of the new books in the school library are _______ books.
A. child B. childrens’ C. children D. children’s
4. I’ve caught a cold. Could I have some _______ for my headache, please?
A. food B. clothes C. medicine D. books
5. David’s handwriting is better than any other _______ in his class.
A. student’s B. students’ C. student D. students
6. The hotel is a bit far. It’s about _______ from here.
A. twenty minutes’s walk B. twenty minute’s walk
C. twenty minutes walk D. twenty minutes’ walk
7. What are you listening to, Jack? _______ or _______?
A. Music; a news B. Music; news
C. Musics; news D. Music; newses
8. — How many ______ came to this meeting?
— Sorry, I don’t know.
A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian
9. Jim is the youngest in his ______.
A. home B. family C. house D. room
10. _______ room is big and bright. They like it very much.
A. Jim and Sam B. Jim’s and Sam
C. Jim and Sam’s D. Jim’s and Sam’s
11. They have searched the _______ for three hours for the information of the scientist.
A. TV B. radio C. Internet D. computer
12. — You look worried. What’s your ______?
— I still have trouble learning English.
A. question B. problem C. job D. name
13. The music made me think of the _______ of the running stream.
A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound
14. Jenny’s shoes were worn out. She wanted to buy a new _______.
A. shoe B. shoes C. one D. pair
15. There are _______ and _______ on the table.
A. two boxes of cake; four bottle of orange
B. two boxes of cake; four bottle of oranges
C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange
D. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of oranges
16. Many _______ like wearing _______ in summer.
A. people; dark glass B. peoples; dark glass
C. peoples; dark glasses D. people; dark glasses
17. — I’ve got an “A” in the examination.
— That’s a good _______. You will surely win a second.
A. result B. news C. start D. idea
18. — What is your favorite _______,Tom?
— I like English best.
A. color B. subject C. sport D. season
19. All the _______ teachers and _______ students are having a meeting now.
A. women; girl B. woman; girl
C. women; girls D. woman; girls
20. There is no more _______ in that ______ for so many people.
A. room; room B. rooms; room C. room; rooms D. rooms; rooms
★ 语法填空
请根据提示词和语法需求，在下一短文的各空格处分别填入一个恰当的名词。
Many animals like “travelling ”. Birds, fish and other animals move from one 1. _______ （地点，地方）to another at a certain time. They move for different 2.________（原因）. Most of them move to find food more easily, but some move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold 3. _______ （天气，气候）comes, many birds move to warmer places for more food. Some 4. ________ （鱼）give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The salmon (大马哈鱼) is such a kind of fish. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water to spend most of its 5. _______（一生）. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there.
In northern 6. _________（欧洲）, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain 7. ________ （家）when it becomes too crowded. They move down to the low land. “But we still
have some 8. ________ （困难）knowing all the reasons why animals travel, ” some 9. __________ （科学家）said.
So, sometimes we know why 10. _________ （人类）and animals move, but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.
★ 综合检测（共60分）
一、根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。（10分）
1. All the ________ (英雄) are great. We should learn from them.
2. Some students in my class became ________ (科学家) when they grew up.
3. We can get a lot of ________ (信息) on the Internet.
4. Yesterday we went to a (n) ________ (音乐会) and had a good time.
5. There is nothing interesting in ________ (今天的) newspaper.
6. Maria bought a pair of ________ (手套) in the store.
7. ________ (树叶) turn green in spring and turn yellow in autumn.
8. Look! There are lots of ________ (羊) on the hill.
9. I can’t hear you clearly. Please raise your ________ (声音).
10. Some ________ (外国人) will visit our school next week.
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。（10分）
1. I saw three _________ (lady) argue with an old man in the street.
2. Not all people can realize the _________ (important) of regular exercise.
3. The _________ (write) of the great book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is Mark Twain.
4. My _________ (cousin) clothes are more beautiful than mine, so I always ask her where she has bought them.
5. A mouse was caught, but the other _________ (mouse) ran away in the end.
6. I don’t know how many _________ (woman) teachers there are in our school.
7. If we want to make the soup, we need a lot of _________ (potato).
8. In autumn, the dead _________ (leaf) often make me feel sad.
9. When my parents are free, they like to go on an adventure to mountain _________ (valley).
10. On the wall of the kindergarten, there are six _________ (child) paintings.
三、找出下列句子中的错误并改正。（5分）
1. This is a pair of trouser.
_____________
2. Our teacher gave me some good advices.
_____________
3. Here are some photoes of my twin sister Lucy.
_____________
4. The police is looking for him.
_____________
5. The man is Tom’s and Jim’s father.
_____________
四、单项填空。（5分）
A. belong to Liu Ying’s B. belong to Liu Ying
C. belong Liu Ying’s D. belong Liu Ying
2. — I want to see the movie Iron Man 3 (《钢铁侠3》). Do you know the ______ of the ticket? — Yes. Five dollars.
A. number B. price C. kind D. name
3. — What would you like to drink, girls?
— ________ please.
A. Two glass of water B. Two glass of waters
C. Two cups of tea D. Two cups of teas
4. — Mum, I’ve heard that we can’t eat ______ these days. Is it true?
— Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.
A. chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken
5. He will have to watch his _________ because of his serious stomach problem.
A. style B. diet C. smell D. menu
6. Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy __________.
A. food B. water C. pear D. carrot
7. David visited lots of in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest
C. place of interests D. place of interesting
8. — Do you have any — Yes, I like chess and drama best.
A. jobs B. duties C. hobbies D. problems
9. If I am wanted on the phone, ask him to leave a ________.
A. message B. letter C. diary D. sentence
10. — How far is your home from school?
— It’s about two ________ walk.
A. hours B. hours’ C. hour’s D. hour
五、根据括号中所给提示，完成下列句子。（15分）
1. There are five people, so we need ____________ (五瓶水).
2. My grandfather raised ____________ (一百只羊) on his farm in Wales.
3. Drink ____________ (一些咖啡), and you will be energetic again.
4. Children like to go to the zoo to see ____________ (猴子).
5. How many ____________ (男医生) are eating ______________(西红柿面条)?
6. _____________ (李明的父母) work in a big hospital.
7. This is _____________ (我妹妹的语文书).
8. _____________ (这对双胞胎的房间) is very nice.
9. Is this _____________ (你好朋友的钢笔)?
10. Miss Yang is _____________ (彼得和萨姆的老师).
11. _____________ (学生们的桌椅)are nice and new.
12. Please open _____________ (教室的门).
13. _____________ (我父亲的和她父亲的这些朋友) are all from Taiyuan.
14. You have _____________ (两个星期的时间) to finish the work.
15. _____________ (托尼的哥哥的电脑) is broken.
六、语法填空
（一）选用方框里的词语填空，完成短文（注意词形变化）。（5分）
Today is 1. _________ Day, and I decide to cook for my mother. She is busy with 2. ________ all day and has no time to have a rest. I ask Mum to sit down and read a 3. ________ of
newspaper while I’m cooking. After dinner, I give Mum two 4._________. I am glad that I can go to work in a few 5. _________time and then my mother can stay at home to have a good rest.
（二）用文中所给单词的适当形式填空，使整篇文章句意通顺，语法正确。（10分）
Almost everybody says that computers are useful, but not everybody really likes them at all. Computers indeed can help 1.______ (people) a lot in their everyday life. For example, they can help save much time, and they can help work out many 2. _______ (problem) they can’t do easily. So more and more parents buy computers for their 3. _______ (child), and they hope computers can help them improve their studies in school. However, to the 4._______(parent) surprise, some of them just use computers to play games or watch 5. _______ (video).
In some other countries, even some professors, especially some 6. _______ (woman scientist), hate computers. They say computers let 7._______ (million) of people lose their 8._______(work) or bring them a lot of trouble.
Will computers bring trouble to us or can they bring us 9. _______ (happy)? It will only be decided by 10._______ (human being) themselves.
★ 语法填空
1. place 2. reasons 3. weather 4. fishes 5. life
6. Europe 7. home 8. trouble/ difficulty 9. scientists 10. humans
★ 综合检测
一、1. heroes 2. scientists 3. information 4. concert 5. today’s
6. gloves 7. Leaves 8. sheep 9. voice 10. foreigners
二、1. ladies 2. importance 3. writer 4. cousin’ s 5. mice
6. women 7. potatoes 8. leaves 9. valleys 10. children’s
三、1. trouser改为trousers
2. advices改为advice
3. photoes改为photos
4. is 改为are
5. Tom’s and Jim’s 改为Tom and Jim’s
四、1. B。考查介名搭配。belong to Liu Ying意为“属于刘颖”。
2. B 。句意：“我想看电影《钢铁侠3》，你知道票价吗？”“知道，5美元。”由下句句意便知，上句问的是“价格”，因此选择price 。
3. C。考查不可数名词数量的表达。glass 和cup 是可数名词，两杯应用复数形式，因此A ，B 错误；tea 和water 都是不可数名词，没有复数，故选C 。
4. A。chicken 鸡肉，为不可数名词，故不可以加冠词a ，后面也不能加s ，泛指吃鸡肉也不需要加冠词the ，所以答案为A 。
5. B。style 风格；款式，diet 饮食，smell 味道，menu 菜单。根据because of his serious stomach problem(因为他严重的胃病) 可以判断，要注意“饮食”，所以答案选B 。
6. A。food 食品；water 水；pear 梨；carrot 胡萝卜。句意：汤姆身体很健康，因为他经常锻炼并且吃很多健康食品。
7. B。lots of 意为“许多”，可修饰不可数名词和复数名词，place 是可数名词，可排除C ，D 两项；places of interest意为“名胜”，是固定短语，所以答案选B 。
8. C。根据答语“我最喜欢棋类和戏剧”，得知问句应是问的“习惯、爱好”。
9. A。句意：如果有人打电话找我，叫他留言。leave a message留言，固定短语。
10. B。两个小时的路程应用名词所有格。two hours是复数名词，其后直接打一撇构成所有格形式，所以答案为B 。
五、1. five bottles of water 2. a hundred sheep 3. some coffee
4. monkeys 5. men doctors; tomato noodles 6. Li Ming’s parents
7. my sister’s Chinese book 8. The twins’ room 9. your good friend’s pen
10. Peter and Sam’s teacher 11. The students’ desks and chairs
12. the door of the classroom 13. These friends of my father’s and her father’s
14. two weeks’ time 15. The computer of Tony’s brother’s / Tony’s brother’s computer
六、（一）1. Mother’s 2. housework 3. piece 4. gifts 5. years’
（二）1. people 2. problems 3. children 4. parents’ 5. videos
6. women scientists 7. millions 8. work 9. happiness 10. human beings
第一章 名词
I. 语法知识概览
II. 语法知识详解
一、可数名词及其单复数
可数名词有单数和复数形式。名词复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： 1．规则变化
2．不规则变化
【知识补遗】
【中考链接】
（1）Heath is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as to keep healthy. 【2015黑龙江哈尔滨】
A. tomatoes and potatoes B. tomatos and potatos C. tomatos and potatoes 答案：A 。考查名词复数的构成。句意：健康对我们青少年来说非常重要，所以我们要多吃蔬菜如西红柿和土豆来保持健康。tomato 和potato 的复数形式要加-es 。故选A 。
（2）— I'm told your class has three new comers.
— Yes. One is a , the other two are . 【2015湖北黄石】 A. Japan; Germany B. Japanese; German
C. Japanese;Germans D. Japanese; Germen
答案：C 。考查名词复数。句意：“有人告诉我你们班又来了三名新同学。”“是的，一个日本人，两名德国人。” Japan 意为“日本”，指国家；Japanese 意为“日本人，日语”。表达“日本人”的意思时，Japanese 单复数同形。German 意为“德国人，德语”，在表示“德国人”意思时，German 是可数名词，其复数形式为Germans 。
（3）All the ______ are from ______.【2015四川攀枝花】
A. men doctors；Germany B. men doctors；German C. man doctors；Germany D. man doctor；German
答案：A 。考查名词复数及专有名词。句意：所有的男医生都来自德国。“男医生”的复数形式为men doctors。German 德国人；Germany 德国。
（4）— How many can you see in the picture?
— Two. 【2015四川广安】 A. dog
B. child
C. sheeps D. sheep
答案：D 。考查名词复数。句意：“在这张图片中你能看到多少_______？”“两个。”How many 后接可数名词的复数形式。dog 与child 均为单数形式，排除；sheep 的单复数形式相同，故舍C 取D 。
（5）Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American_________.【2015 广东】
A. symbol; culture B. symbol; cultures C. symbols; culture D. symbols; cultures
答案：C 。考查可数名词与不可数名词的使用。句意：“米老鼠”在美国是最著名的_______之一。表达“最„„之一”时，多用“one of + 最高级+名词复数”，所以，symbol 应该用复数symbols ；culture 为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故而答案选C 。
二、不可数名词
不可以直接用来计数的名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。
1．初中英语中，纯粹的不可数名词有work, homework, housework, fun, luck, news,
information, advice, progress等。这些名词的前面无论有无形容词修饰，都不可加不定冠词。 （误）It is really a good advice. （正）It is really good advice.
（正）It is really a piece of good advice. 2．不可数名词“量”的表示方法：
【知识补遗】
【中考链接】
（1） I had some _____, vegetables and two eggs for dinner. 【2015 青海】
A. rice B. noodle C. banana
答案：A 。考查不可数名词的用法。句意：我晚餐吃了一些____，蔬菜和两个鸡蛋。some 后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，而B 和C 两项都是可数名词的单数形式，故而予以排除。rice 是不可数名词，符合语法要求。
（2）Yesterday Lucy told us such good _____that we were all amazed at it. 【2015山东青岛】
A. news B. ideas C. suggestion D. answer
答案：A 。考查可数名词和不可数名词的区别。句意：昨天露茜告诉我如此好的____，我们都为之惊奇。news “消息”，是不可数名词；ideas “办法”，是可数名词的复数形式；suggestion “建议”，是可数名词；answer “回答，答案”，是可数名词。C 和D 项既无冠词，又无复数，故而排除；再根据句尾的单词it ，当知排除B 项。news 为不可数名词，所以答案非A 莫属。
（3）You paid ￥10 for _________this morning. 【2015甘肃兰州】
A. 4 bottle milks B. 4 bottles of milk C. 4 bottles of milks D. 4 milk
答案：B 。考查对不可数名词“数量”的表达。句意：今天早上你买________花了十元。milk 为不可数名词，没有复数形式。在表示不可数名词的量时，不能直接用数词修饰，需在前面搭配上合适的表示数量的词或短语。
（4）Our teachers usually give us some on how to face the difficulties and challenges 【2015新疆乌鲁木齐】
A. advice; brave B. advices; brave C. advices; bravely D. advice; bravely 答案：D 。考查不可数名词和形容词、副词辨析。句意：我们的老师通常给我们提出一些关于如何 地面对困难和挑战的建议。advice “建议”，为不可数名词，可排除B 、C 两项； 修饰动词应该用副词，又可排除A 项，故答案选D 。
三、专有名词
专有名词是表示特定的人、地、组织、机构等所特有名称的词。专有名词的第一个字母大写。
专有名词主要分为以下几类：
【知识补遗】
【中考链接】
（1）—_________ is coming. What can I get for my mother? — What about a scarf ? 【2015湖南郴州】
A. Women’s Day B. Woman’s Day C. Womens’ Day
答案：A 。考查专有名词。句意：“三八妇女节快到了，我该给妈妈买点什么呢？”“围巾怎么样？”“妇女节”是固定的Women ’s Day，所以答案自无旁落。
（2）—Are all the students from _______in your class?
—No, there are only three _______ in our class. The others are from other countries. 【2015四川眉山】
A. Germany; Germen B. Germany; Germans C. German; Germans D. German; Germany
答案：B 。考查专有名词及名词复数。句意：“你班的学生都来自德国吗？”“不，我们班只有3个德国学生，其他都来自于别的国家。”Germany “德国”，专有名词，不可改变；German “德国人”，其复数形式为Germans ，故答案选B 。
四、名词所有格
表示有生命的名词，及表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的名词，后面常加’s来表示所有关系，这就是最常见的一种名词所有格的形式。例如：men’s room , three hours’ walk, a mile’s distance, the moon’s light等。
【中考链接】
（1）—What is ______ brother?
— He is a policeman. 【2015 青海】
A. Jim’s and Paul’s B. Jim and Paul C. Jim and Paul’s
答案：C 。考查名词的所有格的应用。句意：“____的哥哥是干什么的？”“是警察。”由句意可知，这个brother 为Jim and Paul共同拥有，故应在最后一个名词后加’s。答案选C 。
（2）—____ fathers didn’t come to the meeting. Why? — Because they have gone to Beijing. 【2015四川凉山】
A. Jeff’s and Amy’s B. Jeff and Amy C. Jeff’s and Amy D. Jeff and Amy’s
答案：A 。考查名词所有格的应用。句意：“ _____父亲们没有来开会。为什么？”“因为他们去北京了。”由句意可知，句中的fathers 应为Jeff 和Amy 二人分别拥有，所以应在名词后分别加’s。答案选A 。
（3）I live near the station. It's only about five ____ walk. 【2015山东临沂】
A. minute’s B. minute C. minutes’ D. minutes
答案：C 。考查名词所有格的应用。句意：我住在车站附近，走着大约只有五 的路程。句中的walk 意为“步行”，是名词，前面需要修饰语。根据句意，five minutes 修饰名词walk ，应用所有格式，故而答案选C 。
【中考链接】
（1）For kids of this age, two hours of sitting in a classroom ______ too long. 【2015四川绵阳】
A. is B. are C. was D. were
答案：A 。虽然与名词有关，但实际上本题考查的却是主谓一致。句意：对于这个年龄的孩子来说，在教室坐上两个小时就太长了。本题中，two hours作主语，强调整体概念，谓语动词用单数。
（2）— Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes TV is good for us.
— Forty minutes enough. Now you must do your homework. 【2015贵州黔南州】
A. Watch; is B. Watching; was C. Watched；are D. Watching; were
答案：B 。考查动名词作主语及时间名词作主语时谓语动词的用法。句意：“妈妈，我只看了40分钟的电视啊，有时看电视对我们是有好处的。”“40分钟就足够了，现在你必须去做作业。” 第一空缺少主语，用动名词，排除A 和C ；第二空为时间名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，故正确答案选B 。
（3）The number of the volunteers _______ 100 now. And a small number of them _______ already gone to the workplace. 【2015四川南充】
A. is；have B. are；have C. is；are D. is；has
答案：A 。考查名词受a number of 和the number of修饰时的主谓一致。the number of表示“„„的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而a number of意为“许多，大量”，后面修饰复数名词，其结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数，故选A 。
III. 语法知识运用
★ 单项快选
1. Our head teacher often e-mails us _______ in English.
A. some information B. some informations
C. a good information D. a lot of informations
2. I would like to have _______. How about you?
A. two glass of milk B. two glasses of milk
C. two glass of milks D. two glasses of milks
3. Most of the new books in the school library are _______ books.
A. child B. childrens’ C. children D. children’s
4. I’ve caught a cold. Could I have some _______ for my headache, please?
A. food B. clothes C. medicine D. books
5. David’s handwriting is better than any other _______ in his class.
A. student’s B. students’ C. student D. students
6. The hotel is a bit far. It’s about _______ from here.
A. twenty minutes’s walk B. twenty minute’s walk
C. twenty minutes walk D. twenty minutes’ walk
7. What are you listening to, Jack? _______ or _______?
A. Music; a news B. Music; news
C. Musics; news D. Music; newses
8. — How many ______ came to this meeting?
— Sorry, I don’t know.
A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian
9. Jim is the youngest in his ______.
A. home B. family C. house D. room
10. _______ room is big and bright. They like it very much.
A. Jim and Sam B. Jim’s and Sam
C. Jim and Sam’s D. Jim’s and Sam’s
11. They have searched the _______ for three hours for the information of the scientist.
A. TV B. radio C. Internet D. computer
12. — You look worried. What’s your ______?
— I still have trouble learning English.
A. question B. problem C. job D. name
13. The music made me think of the _______ of the running stream.
A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound
14. Jenny’s shoes were worn out. She wanted to buy a new _______.
A. shoe B. shoes C. one D. pair
15. There are _______ and _______ on the table.
A. two boxes of cake; four bottle of orange
B. two boxes of cake; four bottle of oranges
C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange
D. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of oranges
16. Many _______ like wearing _______ in summer.
A. people; dark glass B. peoples; dark glass
C. peoples; dark glasses D. people; dark glasses
17. — I’ve got an “A” in the examination.
— That’s a good _______. You will surely win a second.
A. result B. news C. start D. idea
18. — What is your favorite _______,Tom?
— I like English best.
A. color B. subject C. sport D. season
19. All the _______ teachers and _______ students are having a meeting now.
A. women; girl B. woman; girl
C. women; girls D. woman; girls
20. There is no more _______ in that ______ for so many people.
A. room; room B. rooms; room C. room; rooms D. rooms; rooms
★ 语法填空
请根据提示词和语法需求，在下一短文的各空格处分别填入一个恰当的名词。
Many animals like “travelling ”. Birds, fish and other animals move from one 1. _______ （地点，地方）to another at a certain time. They move for different 2.________（原因）. Most of them move to find food more easily, but some move to get away from places that are too crowded.
When cold 3. _______ （天气，气候）comes, many birds move to warmer places for more food. Some 4. ________ （鱼）give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The salmon (大马哈鱼) is such a kind of fish. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water to spend most of its 5. _______（一生）. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies there.
In northern 6. _________（欧洲）, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain 7. ________ （家）when it becomes too crowded. They move down to the low land. “But we still
have some 8. ________ （困难）knowing all the reasons why animals travel, ” some 9. __________ （科学家）said.
So, sometimes we know why 10. _________ （人类）and animals move, but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.
★ 综合检测（共60分）
一、根据下列句子的情景及所给汉语注释，写出所缺单词。（10分）
1. All the ________ (英雄) are great. We should learn from them.
2. Some students in my class became ________ (科学家) when they grew up.
3. We can get a lot of ________ (信息) on the Internet.
4. Yesterday we went to a (n) ________ (音乐会) and had a good time.
5. There is nothing interesting in ________ (今天的) newspaper.
6. Maria bought a pair of ________ (手套) in the store.
7. ________ (树叶) turn green in spring and turn yellow in autumn.
8. Look! There are lots of ________ (羊) on the hill.
9. I can’t hear you clearly. Please raise your ________ (声音).
10. Some ________ (外国人) will visit our school next week.
二、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。（10分）
1. I saw three _________ (lady) argue with an old man in the street.
2. Not all people can realize the _________ (important) of regular exercise.
3. The _________ (write) of the great book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is Mark Twain.
4. My _________ (cousin) clothes are more beautiful than mine, so I always ask her where she has bought them.
5. A mouse was caught, but the other _________ (mouse) ran away in the end.
6. I don’t know how many _________ (woman) teachers there are in our school.
7. If we want to make the soup, we need a lot of _________ (potato).
8. In autumn, the dead _________ (leaf) often make me feel sad.
9. When my parents are free, they like to go on an adventure to mountain _________ (valley).
10. On the wall of the kindergarten, there are six _________ (child) paintings.
三、找出下列句子中的错误并改正。（5分）
1. This is a pair of trouser.
_____________
2. Our teacher gave me some good advices.
_____________
3. Here are some photoes of my twin sister Lucy.
_____________
4. The police is looking for him.
_____________
5. The man is Tom’s and Jim’s father.
_____________
四、单项填空。（5分）
A. belong to Liu Ying’s B. belong to Liu Ying
C. belong Liu Ying’s D. belong Liu Ying
2. — I want to see the movie Iron Man 3 (《钢铁侠3》). Do you know the ______ of the ticket? — Yes. Five dollars.
A. number B. price C. kind D. name
3. — What would you like to drink, girls?
— ________ please.
A. Two glass of water B. Two glass of waters
C. Two cups of tea D. Two cups of teas
4. — Mum, I’ve heard that we can’t eat ______ these days. Is it true?
— Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.
A. chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken
5. He will have to watch his _________ because of his serious stomach problem.
A. style B. diet C. smell D. menu
6. Tom is in good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy __________.
A. food B. water C. pear D. carrot
7. David visited lots of in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest
C. place of interests D. place of interesting
8. — Do you have any — Yes, I like chess and drama best.
A. jobs B. duties C. hobbies D. problems
9. If I am wanted on the phone, ask him to leave a ________.
A. message B. letter C. diary D. sentence
10. — How far is your home from school?
— It’s about two ________ walk.
A. hours B. hours’ C. hour’s D. hour
五、根据括号中所给提示，完成下列句子。（15分）
1. There are five people, so we need ____________ (五瓶水).
2. My grandfather raised ____________ (一百只羊) on his farm in Wales.
3. Drink ____________ (一些咖啡), and you will be energetic again.
4. Children like to go to the zoo to see ____________ (猴子).
5. How many ____________ (男医生) are eating ______________(西红柿面条)?
6. _____________ (李明的父母) work in a big hospital.
7. This is _____________ (我妹妹的语文书).
8. _____________ (这对双胞胎的房间) is very nice.
9. Is this _____________ (你好朋友的钢笔)?
10. Miss Yang is _____________ (彼得和萨姆的老师).
11. _____________ (学生们的桌椅)are nice and new.
12. Please open _____________ (教室的门).
13. _____________ (我父亲的和她父亲的这些朋友) are all from Taiyuan.
14. You have _____________ (两个星期的时间) to finish the work.
15. _____________ (托尼的哥哥的电脑) is broken.
六、语法填空
（一）选用方框里的词语填空，完成短文（注意词形变化）。（5分）
Today is 1. _________ Day, and I decide to cook for my mother. She is busy with 2. ________ all day and has no time to have a rest. I ask Mum to sit down and read a 3. ________ of
newspaper while I’m cooking. After dinner, I give Mum two 4._________. I am glad that I can go to work in a few 5. _________time and then my mother can stay at home to have a good rest.
（二）用文中所给单词的适当形式填空，使整篇文章句意通顺，语法正确。（10分）
Almost everybody says that computers are useful, but not everybody really likes them at all. Computers indeed can help 1.______ (people) a lot in their everyday life. For example, they can help save much time, and they can help work out many 2. _______ (problem) they can’t do easily. So more and more parents buy computers for their 3. _______ (child), and they hope computers can help them improve their studies in school. However, to the 4._______(parent) surprise, some of them just use computers to play games or watch 5. _______ (video).
In some other countries, even some professors, especially some 6. _______ (woman scientist), hate computers. They say computers let 7._______ (million) of people lose their 8._______(work) or bring them a lot of trouble.
Will computers bring trouble to us or can they bring us 9. _______ (happy)? It will only be decided by 10._______ (human being) themselves.
★ 语法填空
1. place 2. reasons 3. weather 4. fishes 5. life
6. Europe 7. home 8. trouble/ difficulty 9. scientists 10. humans
★ 综合检测
一、1. heroes 2. scientists 3. information 4. concert 5. today’s
6. gloves 7. Leaves 8. sheep 9. voice 10. foreigners
二、1. ladies 2. importance 3. writer 4. cousin’ s 5. mice
6. women 7. potatoes 8. leaves 9. valleys 10. children’s
三、1. trouser改为trousers
2. advices改为advice
3. photoes改为photos
4. is 改为are
5. Tom’s and Jim’s 改为Tom and Jim’s
四、1. B。考查介名搭配。belong to Liu Ying意为“属于刘颖”。
2. B 。句意：“我想看电影《钢铁侠3》，你知道票价吗？”“知道，5美元。”由下句句意便知，上句问的是“价格”，因此选择price 。
3. C。考查不可数名词数量的表达。glass 和cup 是可数名词，两杯应用复数形式，因此A ，B 错误；tea 和water 都是不可数名词，没有复数，故选C 。
4. A。chicken 鸡肉，为不可数名词，故不可以加冠词a ，后面也不能加s ，泛指吃鸡肉也不需要加冠词the ，所以答案为A 。
5. B。style 风格；款式，diet 饮食，smell 味道，menu 菜单。根据because of his serious stomach problem(因为他严重的胃病) 可以判断，要注意“饮食”，所以答案选B 。
6. A。food 食品；water 水；pear 梨；carrot 胡萝卜。句意：汤姆身体很健康，因为他经常锻炼并且吃很多健康食品。
7. B。lots of 意为“许多”，可修饰不可数名词和复数名词，place 是可数名词，可排除C ，D 两项；places of interest意为“名胜”，是固定短语，所以答案选B 。
8. C。根据答语“我最喜欢棋类和戏剧”，得知问句应是问的“习惯、爱好”。
9. A。句意：如果有人打电话找我，叫他留言。leave a message留言，固定短语。
10. B。两个小时的路程应用名词所有格。two hours是复数名词，其后直接打一撇构成所有格形式，所以答案为B 。
五、1. five bottles of water 2. a hundred sheep 3. some coffee
4. monkeys 5. men doctors; tomato noodles 6. Li Ming’s parents
7. my sister’s Chinese book 8. The twins’ room 9. your good friend’s pen
10. Peter and Sam’s teacher 11. The students’ desks and chairs
12. the door of the classroom 13. These friends of my father’s and her father’s
14. two weeks’ time 15. The computer of Tony’s brother’s / Tony’s brother’s computer
六、（一）1. Mother’s 2. housework 3. piece 4. gifts 5. years’
（二）1. people 2. problems 3. children 4. parents’ 5. videos
6. women scientists 7. millions 8. work 9. happiness 10. human beings