《现在完成时》教学设计
一、教学目标:
(一)知识目标:
1. 掌握现在完成时这一语法项目,即have/has + 动词过去分词。
2. 掌握利用现在完成时来谈论过去的经历这一语言功能目标。
3.学会区别一般过去、现在完成时在时间上的不同。
(二)能力目标:
1. 培养学生能用现在完成时谈论自己过去的经历,能够正确地运用现在完成时和一般过去时。
2. 培养学生的学习兴趣,开拓学生的视野,增强学生对外界知识的了解。
3. 结合教材内容,培养学生的阅读能力。
(三)情感教育目标:
1. 使学生在学习中学会交流、合作,增强英语的重要性意识和未来的职业意识、世界意识。
2. 使学生通过阅读交流,获得阅读的快乐、促进学习成就感。
3. 引导学生观察、思考,促进认识能力的发展。
二、教学步骤:
(一)导入
介绍现在完成时,分析现在完成时的基本结构以及基本用法。如:
构成:have/ has + done (过去分词)
肯定式:I(You)have studied. He(She, It) has studied. We(You,They) have studied. 否定式: I(You) have not/haven’t studied. He(She,It)has not/hasn’t studied.
We(You,They) have not/ haven’t studied.
疑问式:Have I( you ) studied? Yes, you (I) have. No,you (I) haven’t.
Has he (she,it) studied? Yes,he(she,it) has. No,he(she,it) hasn’t.
Have we(you,they) studied? Y es, you (we,they) have. No,you (we,they) haven’t.
(二)现在完成时用法
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
-- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light.
(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)
-- Are you free? --I have finished my homework. I am free
(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点,for + 一段时间,so far 等时间状语连用。
I have learnt English for more than ten years.
我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
She has swum since half an hour ago.
我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
(三)现在完成时中的标志性词汇
◆常与①already, ②yet, ③ever, ④never, ⑤ just, ⑥before,
⑦up to now, ⑧so far, ⑨for the last few weeks ⑩these days,
⑾since ⑿for a long time 等时间状语连用
(四)短暂性动词及延续性动词
在英语中,一些瞬间性动词在用于现在完成时的“用法2”时,应该把他们变成延续性的动词及短语或表可延续状态的形容词,下面给大家提供一些变换,仅供参考。
borrow--- keep leave---be away start/begin---be on buy---have die --- be dead join--- be a member of come/go---be in…等。
(五)与一般过去时的用法比较
现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情,但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身,而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系(如现在的结果,影响,一直延续到现在等);而一般过去时,则只讲述发生在
过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。
eg:He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。
He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。
第一句用现在完成时时态,想表达意为:“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典,现在他还有这本字典” 。
第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实,至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。
常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语:yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天)just now(刚才),时间+ ago, last +时间 等;
eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .
(六)have been and have gone
have been to/ have gone to 的区别
have/has been to… 指 “去过某地” (表示主语曾“去过某地”,但现在已离开)。
have/has gone to… 指 “去了某地” (表示主语现在“去了某地”, 不在说话地点)
E.g.: Have you ever been to Hainan? 你去过海南吗?
We have been to the city twice. 我们去过那个城市两次。
Where is Lily? She is not here. She has gone to the library.
Lily在哪里?她不在这里,她去图书馆了。
(七)当堂训练
( )1.You’ve never seen such a wonderful film before, _______?
A. haven’t you B. have you C. do you D. don’t you
( ) 2. —I have watched the game.
—When ____ you ____ it?
A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch
( )3. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live
( )4. His grandma ______ for two years.
A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead
板书设计:
have/has + 动词的过去分词
have been and have gone
《现在完成时》教学设计
一、教学目标:
(一)知识目标:
1. 掌握现在完成时这一语法项目,即have/has + 动词过去分词。
2. 掌握利用现在完成时来谈论过去的经历这一语言功能目标。
3.学会区别一般过去、现在完成时在时间上的不同。
(二)能力目标:
1. 培养学生能用现在完成时谈论自己过去的经历,能够正确地运用现在完成时和一般过去时。
2. 培养学生的学习兴趣,开拓学生的视野,增强学生对外界知识的了解。
3. 结合教材内容,培养学生的阅读能力。
(三)情感教育目标:
1. 使学生在学习中学会交流、合作,增强英语的重要性意识和未来的职业意识、世界意识。
2. 使学生通过阅读交流,获得阅读的快乐、促进学习成就感。
3. 引导学生观察、思考,促进认识能力的发展。
二、教学步骤:
(一)导入
介绍现在完成时,分析现在完成时的基本结构以及基本用法。如:
构成:have/ has + done (过去分词)
肯定式:I(You)have studied. He(She, It) has studied. We(You,They) have studied. 否定式: I(You) have not/haven’t studied. He(She,It)has not/hasn’t studied.
We(You,They) have not/ haven’t studied.
疑问式:Have I( you ) studied? Yes, you (I) have. No,you (I) haven’t.
Has he (she,it) studied? Yes,he(she,it) has. No,he(she,it) hasn’t.
Have we(you,they) studied? Y es, you (we,they) have. No,you (we,they) haven’t.
(二)现在完成时用法
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
-- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light.
(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)
-- Are you free? --I have finished my homework. I am free
(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态.常与since + 过去的时间点,for + 一段时间,so far 等时间状语连用。
I have learnt English for more than ten years.
我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
She has swum since half an hour ago.
我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
(三)现在完成时中的标志性词汇
◆常与①already, ②yet, ③ever, ④never, ⑤ just, ⑥before,
⑦up to now, ⑧so far, ⑨for the last few weeks ⑩these days,
⑾since ⑿for a long time 等时间状语连用
(四)短暂性动词及延续性动词
在英语中,一些瞬间性动词在用于现在完成时的“用法2”时,应该把他们变成延续性的动词及短语或表可延续状态的形容词,下面给大家提供一些变换,仅供参考。
borrow--- keep leave---be away start/begin---be on buy---have die --- be dead join--- be a member of come/go---be in…等。
(五)与一般过去时的用法比较
现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情,但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身,而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系(如现在的结果,影响,一直延续到现在等);而一般过去时,则只讲述发生在
过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。
eg:He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。
He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。
第一句用现在完成时时态,想表达意为:“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典,现在他还有这本字典” 。
第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实,至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。
常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语:yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天)just now(刚才),时间+ ago, last +时间 等;
eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .
(六)have been and have gone
have been to/ have gone to 的区别
have/has been to… 指 “去过某地” (表示主语曾“去过某地”,但现在已离开)。
have/has gone to… 指 “去了某地” (表示主语现在“去了某地”, 不在说话地点)
E.g.: Have you ever been to Hainan? 你去过海南吗?
We have been to the city twice. 我们去过那个城市两次。
Where is Lily? She is not here. She has gone to the library.
Lily在哪里?她不在这里,她去图书馆了。
(七)当堂训练
( )1.You’ve never seen such a wonderful film before, _______?
A. haven’t you B. have you C. do you D. don’t you
( ) 2. —I have watched the game.
—When ____ you ____ it?
A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch
( )3. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live
( )4. His grandma ______ for two years.
A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead
板书设计:
have/has + 动词的过去分词
have been and have gone