历年考研英语二真题试卷版

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

1988年研究生入学考试英语试题

Section ⅡReading Comprehension

Directions:

Each of the three passages below is followed by some questions. For each

question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose

the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choices in the ANSWER

SHEET. (20 points)

Text 1

It doesn

t remember it. You just

a specific purpose or reason for reading. You remember better what you

read when you know why youre reading.

Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her

offer to help is,“No, thank you. Im just looking”? Both you and she

know that if you arent sure what you want, you are not likely to find

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

it. But suppose you say instead,“Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun

glasses.”She says,“Right this way, please.”And you and she are off—

both eager to look for exactly what you want.

Its quite the same with your studying. If you choose a book at random,

“just looking”for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just

that—

”,“to

,“”. A good student has a

This is the way it works. Before you start to study, you say to yourself

something like this,“I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened

to write about America. Im reading this article to find out.”Or,“I

m going to skim this story to see what life was like in medieval

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

England.”Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate

the information to your purpose and remember it better.

Reading is not one single activity. At least two important processes go

on at the same time. As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and

accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself

as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation

like this: “”or“Ummmm, I

d better check those

dates,”or “”You don

t just sit there taking in ideas—you do something else, and that

something else is very important.

This additional process of thinking about what you read includes

evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for

your own purposes. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader.

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing

between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opinions

are ones own personal reactions.

Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part

is drawing accurate inferences.

16. If you cannot remember what you read or study, .

A. it is no surprise

17.

purpose

18. A. only two simultaneous processes

B. primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically

C. merely distinguishing between facts and opinions

D. mainly drawing accurate inferences

19. A good reader is one who .

A. relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter

B. does lots of thinking in his reading

C. takes a critical attitude in his reading

D. is able to check the facts presented against what he has already

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

known

Text 2

If you live in a large city, you are quite familiar with some of the

problems of noise, but because of some of its harmful effects, you may

not be aware of the extent of its influence on human behavior. Although

everyone more or less knows what noise is, i. e., it is sounds that one

been a great deal of interest in the effects of noise on human behavior,

and concepts such as “noise pollution” have arisen, together with

movements to reduce noise.

Exposure to loud noises can definitely produce a partial or complete

loss of hearing, depending on the intensity, duration, and frequency

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

composition of the noise. Many jobs present noise hazards, such as

working in factories and around jet aircraft, driving farm tractors, and

working (or sitting) in music halls where rock bands are playing. In

general, continuous exposure to sounds of over 80 decibels (a measure

of the loudness of sound) can be considered dangerous. Decibel values

exposure is for a sufficient produce significant hearing

kinds of tasks, for instance, if one is performing a watch keeping task

that requires vigilance, in which he is responsible for detecting weak

signals of some kind (e. g., watching a radar screen for the appearance

of aircraft).

Communicating with other people is unfavorably affected by noise. If you

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

have ridden in the rear of a jet transport, you may have noticed that it

was difficult to carry on a conversation at first, and that, eventually,

you adjusted the loudness of your speech to compensate for the effect.

The problem is noise.

20. Noise differs from sound in that .

A. it is sounds that interfere with the task being done

B. it is a special type of loud sound

21.

.

A. it reduces one

22. The purpose of this passage is .

A. to define the effects of noise on human behavior

B. to warn people of the danger of noise pollution

C. to give advice as to how to prevent hearing loss

D. to tell the difference between noise and sound

Text 3

The traditional belief that a womans place is in the home and that a

woman ought not to go out to work can hardly be reasonably maintained in

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

present conditions. It is said that it is a womans task to care for

the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two

between children. Thus a womans whole period of childbearing may occur

within five years. Furthermore, with compulsory education from the age

of five or six her role as chief educator of her children soon ceases.

necessary for a woman to spend her whole life cooking, cleaning, mending

and sewing. Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the

latest models being entirely automatic and able to wash and dry a large

quantity of clothes in a few minutes. Refrigerators have made it

possible to store food for long periods and many precooked foods are

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

obtainable in tins. Shopping, instead of being a daily task, can be

completed in one day a week. The new manmade fibers are more

hardwiring than natural fibers and greatly reduce mending, while good

readymade clothes are cheap and plentiful.

Apart from womens own happiness, the needs of the community must be

occupations wasteful to give years of

marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession. The

training, it is true, will help her in duties as a mother, but if she

continued to work, her service would be more widely useful. Many

factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them

married. While here the question of training is not so important,

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women

did not work.

23. The author holds that .

A. the right place for all women, married or otherwise, is the home, not

elsewhere

B. all married women should have some occupation outside the home

care of the family

24. A house

concern

in her duties as a housewife

D. would take full advantage of modern household appliances

25. According to the author, modern society .

A. can operate just as well even without women participation

B. has been greatly hampered in its development by the shortage of women

nurses and women teachers

C. cannot operate properly without the contribution of women

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

D. will be seriously affected by the continuing shortage of working

women in heavy industries and international trade

Section ⅢCloze Test

Directions:

For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices

labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and put your choices in the

ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10

points)

winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its 27. The brave group of

colonists finally had to land at Plymouth on the rocky coast of

Massachusetts in December 1620.It was the middle of the stern northern

winter. 28 months of starvation, disease, and death were ahead of them.

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

Only the strongest of the pilgrims 29 that winter. Many women gave their

own pitiful rations to their children and died for lack of food for

themselves. Living 30 began to improve in the spring of 1621.There were

wild vegetables. There were berries and fruit. Fish and game were

plentiful. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite

them. They were ready for the second winter with confidence. They had

eleven crude houses for protection against the severe winter. Seven were

for families, and four were for communal use. 34, they had established a

treaty of friendship with their Indian neighbors under Chief Massasoit

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

in the summer.

The woods and forests became safe. When the Mayflower returned to

England that summer, there were no colonists 35. At the end of their

first year in their new home, the Pilgrims wanted to celebrate with a

real holiday. It was their first Thanksgiving Day.

26.

their own

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. A. Best of allB. For the bestC. To their bestD. All in all

35. A. ashoreB. aroundC. aboutD. aboard

Section ⅦEnglishChinese Translation

Directions:

Translate the following passage into Chinese. Only the underlined

sentences are to be translated. (20 points)

Seated behind the front desk at a New York firm, the receptionist was

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

efficient.

Stylishly dressed, the firms newest employee had a pleasant telephone

voice and a natural charm that put clients at ease. The company was

pleased: (61) Clearly, this was a person who took considerable pride

in personal appearance. David King, the receptionist, is unusual, but

by no means unique. (62)

workers are no longer necessarily all receptionists

are no longer men in womendominated

fields is still t attracted the attention that has

often followed into maledominated fields, but men are

moving into more and more jobs that have traditionally been held by

women.

Strictly speaking, the phenomenon is not new. For the past several

decades, men have been quietly entering fields such as nursing, social

work and elementary education. But today no job seems offlimits. Men

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

serve coffee in offices and meals on airplanes. (63) These changes

are helping to influence some of the longstanding traditions about the

types of work men and women can do—but they also produce some

undeniable problems for the men who are entering those fields formerly

dominated by women.

What kinds of men venture into these socalled “womens fields”? All

kinds. (64) “I dond be

comfortable with,”

Sam Ormont, for old nurse at a Boston hospital,

(65) “I found that work was very interesting.”he recalled,“and

when I got out of the service it just seemed natural for me to go into

something medical. I wasnt really interested in becoming a

doctor.”Thirtyfiveyearold David King, an outofwork actor,

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

found a job as a receptionist because he was having trouble landing

roles in Broadway plays and he needed to pay the rent.

(66) In other words, men enter “female” jobs out of the same

consideration for personal interest and economic necessity that

motivates anyone looking for work. But similarities often end there. Men

in femaledominated jobs are conspicuous. As a group, their work

histories differ in most respects from colleagues,

and they are frequently by the people with whom they

The question there still approximately ninety

serious issue. Most men dont want to be receptionists, nurses,

secretaries or sewing workers. Put simply, these are not generally

considered very masculine jobs. (67) To choose such a line of work is

to invite ridicule.

“There was kidding in the beginning,”recalls Ormont.“Kids coming from

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

school ask what I am, and when I say ‘A nurse,’ they laugh at me. I

just smile and say, ‘You know, there are female doctors, too.’” Still, there are encouraging signs. Years ago, male grade school

teachers were as rare as male nurses. Today more than one elementary

school teacher in six is male.

(68) Can we anticipate a day when secretaries will be an even mix of

men and women—

eyebrows? Its probably coming—

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

1988年研究生入学考试英语试题

Section ⅡReading Comprehension

Directions:

Each of the three passages below is followed by some questions. For each

question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose

the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choices in the ANSWER

SHEET. (20 points)

Text 1

It doesn

t remember it. You just

a specific purpose or reason for reading. You remember better what you

read when you know why youre reading.

Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her

offer to help is,“No, thank you. Im just looking”? Both you and she

know that if you arent sure what you want, you are not likely to find

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

it. But suppose you say instead,“Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun

glasses.”She says,“Right this way, please.”And you and she are off—

both eager to look for exactly what you want.

Its quite the same with your studying. If you choose a book at random,

“just looking”for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just

that—

”,“to

,“”. A good student has a

This is the way it works. Before you start to study, you say to yourself

something like this,“I want to know why Stephen Vincent Benet happened

to write about America. Im reading this article to find out.”Or,“I

m going to skim this story to see what life was like in medieval

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

England.”Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate

the information to your purpose and remember it better.

Reading is not one single activity. At least two important processes go

on at the same time. As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and

accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself

as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation

like this: “”or“Ummmm, I

d better check those

dates,”or “”You don

t just sit there taking in ideas—you do something else, and that

something else is very important.

This additional process of thinking about what you read includes

evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for

your own purposes. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader.

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing

between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opinions

are ones own personal reactions.

Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part

is drawing accurate inferences.

16. If you cannot remember what you read or study, .

A. it is no surprise

17.

purpose

18. A. only two simultaneous processes

B. primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically

C. merely distinguishing between facts and opinions

D. mainly drawing accurate inferences

19. A good reader is one who .

A. relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter

B. does lots of thinking in his reading

C. takes a critical attitude in his reading

D. is able to check the facts presented against what he has already

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

known

Text 2

If you live in a large city, you are quite familiar with some of the

problems of noise, but because of some of its harmful effects, you may

not be aware of the extent of its influence on human behavior. Although

everyone more or less knows what noise is, i. e., it is sounds that one

been a great deal of interest in the effects of noise on human behavior,

and concepts such as “noise pollution” have arisen, together with

movements to reduce noise.

Exposure to loud noises can definitely produce a partial or complete

loss of hearing, depending on the intensity, duration, and frequency

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

composition of the noise. Many jobs present noise hazards, such as

working in factories and around jet aircraft, driving farm tractors, and

working (or sitting) in music halls where rock bands are playing. In

general, continuous exposure to sounds of over 80 decibels (a measure

of the loudness of sound) can be considered dangerous. Decibel values

exposure is for a sufficient produce significant hearing

kinds of tasks, for instance, if one is performing a watch keeping task

that requires vigilance, in which he is responsible for detecting weak

signals of some kind (e. g., watching a radar screen for the appearance

of aircraft).

Communicating with other people is unfavorably affected by noise. If you

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

have ridden in the rear of a jet transport, you may have noticed that it

was difficult to carry on a conversation at first, and that, eventually,

you adjusted the loudness of your speech to compensate for the effect.

The problem is noise.

20. Noise differs from sound in that .

A. it is sounds that interfere with the task being done

B. it is a special type of loud sound

21.

.

A. it reduces one

22. The purpose of this passage is .

A. to define the effects of noise on human behavior

B. to warn people of the danger of noise pollution

C. to give advice as to how to prevent hearing loss

D. to tell the difference between noise and sound

Text 3

The traditional belief that a womans place is in the home and that a

woman ought not to go out to work can hardly be reasonably maintained in

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

present conditions. It is said that it is a womans task to care for

the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two

between children. Thus a womans whole period of childbearing may occur

within five years. Furthermore, with compulsory education from the age

of five or six her role as chief educator of her children soon ceases.

necessary for a woman to spend her whole life cooking, cleaning, mending

and sewing. Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the

latest models being entirely automatic and able to wash and dry a large

quantity of clothes in a few minutes. Refrigerators have made it

possible to store food for long periods and many precooked foods are

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

obtainable in tins. Shopping, instead of being a daily task, can be

completed in one day a week. The new manmade fibers are more

hardwiring than natural fibers and greatly reduce mending, while good

readymade clothes are cheap and plentiful.

Apart from womens own happiness, the needs of the community must be

occupations wasteful to give years of

marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession. The

training, it is true, will help her in duties as a mother, but if she

continued to work, her service would be more widely useful. Many

factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them

married. While here the question of training is not so important,

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women

did not work.

23. The author holds that .

A. the right place for all women, married or otherwise, is the home, not

elsewhere

B. all married women should have some occupation outside the home

care of the family

24. A house

concern

in her duties as a housewife

D. would take full advantage of modern household appliances

25. According to the author, modern society .

A. can operate just as well even without women participation

B. has been greatly hampered in its development by the shortage of women

nurses and women teachers

C. cannot operate properly without the contribution of women

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

D. will be seriously affected by the continuing shortage of working

women in heavy industries and international trade

Section ⅢCloze Test

Directions:

For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices

labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and put your choices in the

ANSWER SHEET. Read the whole passage before making your choices. (10

points)

winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its 27. The brave group of

colonists finally had to land at Plymouth on the rocky coast of

Massachusetts in December 1620.It was the middle of the stern northern

winter. 28 months of starvation, disease, and death were ahead of them.

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

Only the strongest of the pilgrims 29 that winter. Many women gave their

own pitiful rations to their children and died for lack of food for

themselves. Living 30 began to improve in the spring of 1621.There were

wild vegetables. There were berries and fruit. Fish and game were

plentiful. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite

them. They were ready for the second winter with confidence. They had

eleven crude houses for protection against the severe winter. Seven were

for families, and four were for communal use. 34, they had established a

treaty of friendship with their Indian neighbors under Chief Massasoit

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

in the summer.

The woods and forests became safe. When the Mayflower returned to

England that summer, there were no colonists 35. At the end of their

first year in their new home, the Pilgrims wanted to celebrate with a

real holiday. It was their first Thanksgiving Day.

26.

their own

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. A. Best of allB. For the bestC. To their bestD. All in all

35. A. ashoreB. aroundC. aboutD. aboard

Section ⅦEnglishChinese Translation

Directions:

Translate the following passage into Chinese. Only the underlined

sentences are to be translated. (20 points)

Seated behind the front desk at a New York firm, the receptionist was

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

efficient.

Stylishly dressed, the firms newest employee had a pleasant telephone

voice and a natural charm that put clients at ease. The company was

pleased: (61) Clearly, this was a person who took considerable pride

in personal appearance. David King, the receptionist, is unusual, but

by no means unique. (62)

workers are no longer necessarily all receptionists

are no longer men in womendominated

fields is still t attracted the attention that has

often followed into maledominated fields, but men are

moving into more and more jobs that have traditionally been held by

women.

Strictly speaking, the phenomenon is not new. For the past several

decades, men have been quietly entering fields such as nursing, social

work and elementary education. But today no job seems offlimits. Men

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

serve coffee in offices and meals on airplanes. (63) These changes

are helping to influence some of the longstanding traditions about the

types of work men and women can do—but they also produce some

undeniable problems for the men who are entering those fields formerly

dominated by women.

What kinds of men venture into these socalled “womens fields”? All

kinds. (64) “I dond be

comfortable with,”

Sam Ormont, for old nurse at a Boston hospital,

(65) “I found that work was very interesting.”he recalled,“and

when I got out of the service it just seemed natural for me to go into

something medical. I wasnt really interested in becoming a

doctor.”Thirtyfiveyearold David King, an outofwork actor,

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

found a job as a receptionist because he was having trouble landing

roles in Broadway plays and he needed to pay the rent.

(66) In other words, men enter “female” jobs out of the same

consideration for personal interest and economic necessity that

motivates anyone looking for work. But similarities often end there. Men

in femaledominated jobs are conspicuous. As a group, their work

histories differ in most respects from colleagues,

and they are frequently by the people with whom they

The question there still approximately ninety

serious issue. Most men dont want to be receptionists, nurses,

secretaries or sewing workers. Put simply, these are not generally

considered very masculine jobs. (67) To choose such a line of work is

to invite ridicule.

“There was kidding in the beginning,”recalls Ormont.“Kids coming from

考研1号英语 基础薄弱者专用

school ask what I am, and when I say ‘A nurse,’ they laugh at me. I

just smile and say, ‘You know, there are female doctors, too.’” Still, there are encouraging signs. Years ago, male grade school

teachers were as rare as male nurses. Today more than one elementary

school teacher in six is male.

(68) Can we anticipate a day when secretaries will be an even mix of

men and women—

eyebrows? Its probably coming—


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