九年级英语全一册教材重点知识梳理
Unit1 How do you study for a test?
1. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study for a test with classmates.
2. A: How does she get good grades? 3. A: Have you ever studied with a group? B: Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
4．语法：by + doing 译为“ 通过、用……方法”来回答how提出的问句。如：by studying with a group；by listening to tapes.
5． by 还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…之前”、“用、” “ 经过”、“乘” “由”“被”等。如：
I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock.
The thief entered the room by the window.
The student went to park by bus.
6．词组：first of all 首先； to begin with 一开始； break off终断、终止； worry about sb/ sth. 担心某人/ 某事; 成go by (时间) 过去; be afraid to do=be afraid of doing sth=be terrified of doing sth害怕去做某事; make up编造、组成 ; look up查阅、查找 ; be angry with sb对某人生气；make mistakes 犯错 ；laugh at sb. 取笑（某人）； take notes 做笔记，做记录； deal with 处理; regard… as … 把…看作为; change…into…将…变为….; compare … to …把…与…相比; later on 后来、随后； It doesn’t matte没关系; unless=if not 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句；try one’s best to do sth尽力去做某事; the best way to do sth做某事的最好方法是„； have trouble/problem/experience (in)doing sth对做某事有困难/经验； each other 彼此。
Unit2 I used to be afraid of the dark. (过去常做某事)
1．“used to ”译为“过去常常、以前常常”后接动词原形 ：used to do sth 过去常做某事；used to be过去常是…样子。
如：I used to have short hair. She used to be short.
2. I used to play basketball.
3. She used to be quiet. （过去常有）
6.词组：.
make a decision=decide 做决定、下决心; afford to do sth支付得起做某事; take pride in sth.=be proud of sth对某事感到自豪； fall/be/go to sleep入睡； chat with sb与某人闲聊 ；in the end =at last=finally最后; no more == no longer不再; even though即使、纵然; give up doing sth放弃做某事；
over the years 很多年来，常与现在完成时连用；in the last few years. 在过去的
几年内（常与完成时连用）; to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是；
Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
1．语态：
1）英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者
Cats eat fish.猫吃鱼。(主动语态）
Fish by cats.鱼被猫吃。(被动语态)
2）被动语态谓语构成：助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词（助动词be 有人称、 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：The door was closed.
2． 3.词组：
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
get/have sth done使某物被做； clean up 打扫、整理；stay up 熬夜；
take the test 参加考试; pass the test 通过考试; fail the test考试失败;
learn (sth.) from sb向某人学习某物； at present=now 目前；practice doing 练习做某事；at least 最少； at most 最多；get in the way of 碍事，妨碍；have an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事; have a chance of doing sth.有机会做某事
4．倒装句：
①so＋助动词(do/will/have)/be动词/情态动词＋主语 译为：“…也是一样”如：她是一个学生，我也是。
她刚才去学校了，我也是
她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。
②so＋主语＋助动词(do/will/have)/be动词/情态动词 译为：“„的确如此”如：
Unit 4 What would you do? . 3含if 虚拟条件状语从句的复合句，在if真实条件状语从句的基础上，时态往前推一个：即if从句用一般过去时，主句用过去将来时。
句型为：从句（if+主语sb +动词过去式did/were+其它） ,主句（主语+would/should +动词原形+其它）。如：If I were you, I would bring a small present.假如我是你，我将带一个小礼物来。
4.词组：pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 ；what if=what would happen if如果…将会„样 ; in public 在公共场所 ; introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 ; plenty of许多修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 ; come out 出版(无被动)； would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如:I would rather walk than run; let sb. down 让某人失望; come up with sth提出 想出 ; catch up with sb追上 赶上; offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物；
by accident 偶然地; by mistake错误地；
5．hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several/some 用单数 ，后有of时，用复数。如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people ; six hundred; hundreds of trees .
Unit 5 It must belong to Carla.
1.情态动词表推测：must 一定是、准是（100%的可能性) could 可能是(20%－80%的可能性); might 可能是、也许是; can’t 不可能是（否定，可能性几乎为零)。
2. A: Whose book is this? B: The book must be Ming’s. It has her name on it.
3. A: Whose guitar is this? B: It might belong to Alice. She plays the guitar.
4．对现在正在进行的动作的推测：推测情态动词+be+现在分词，如：I think my 5．There be +sth/sb+doing sth.有某人/某物正在做某事。如：There are some students studying at the classroom..
6.词组：
belong to sb=must be sb’s一定属于某人； use up=run out of 用光、用完 an ocean of +名词 意为极多的，用不尽的；如：an ocean of energy.
因为：because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语； because +从句；
当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything，somewhere, anywhere; nowhere; everywhere等不定代/副词时，放在这些词的后面
如：something different; somewhere interesting.
Unit 6 I like music that I can dance to
1.复合句：由两个或两个以上的有主谓结构的句子，用从属连词连接起来组成的句子。主句是主体，从句起补充、修饰、说明的作用。
简单句 + 引导词 + 简单句
主语+谓语（动）+宾语（名/代）+ 引导词+ 主语+谓语（动）+宾语（名/代）
2．定语从句：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的句子。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句放于先行词之后。引导定语从句的词做叫关系词。
3．关系词：放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。分为：
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose；关系副词：where, when, why.
4．关系词“that” “who”的用法：
“that”既可用于先行词指人时，也可用于先行词指物时。（如在从句中作宾语可省）。如：This a book that is interesting .
“who”只用于先行词指人时。（在从句中作宾语时，可用whom代替） 如：He is a student who works hard everyday.
3.I like music that I can dance to 。（music是先行词;that是关系词可省；that I can dance to是定语从句，用来修饰先行词music）
4. Li Ming likes music that’s quiet and gentle.
5. I love friend who/that is outgoing.
6. He prefers music that has great lyrics.（从句谓语要与先行词一致）
7. I love places where the people are friendly. 我喜欢人们友好的地方。(where 关系副词，引导定语从句)
8.词组：prefer=like „better 更喜欢；
prefer A to B. 同B相比更喜欢A，如：I prefer dogs to cats；
宁愿做某事，如：I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着； prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事；
along with 伴随… 同… 一道；dance to sth. 随着某物跳舞 ；
remind sb. of sb./sth. 提醒 使…记起…；be sure to do 一定做某事 肯定做某事 ；on display/show 展览； stay away from 远离… ；to be honest 老实说； even if=even though甚至； suit sb fine 很适合某的意；
be in agreement 意见一致 ； come and go来来去去。
Unit7 Where would you like to visit
1. A: Where would you like to go on vacation?
B1: I’d like to go somewhere relaxing/interesting.
B2: I’d love to visit Japan.
B3: I hope to go to France some day.
B4: I want to go to Beijing some day.
2.词组：hope to do 希望做某事，如：I hope to have a good job in the future.
hope (that) + 从句 希望….如：I hope that I can get good grades.
consider doing考虑做某事； provide sb. with sth = provide sth for sb.给某人提供某
物； be /go away离开；continue doing == go on doing 继续做某事；
according to根据； dream of/about 幻想; hear of/about听见、听说； think of/about思考、认为； be willing to do 愿意做某事 hold on to sth. 坚持、不放弃 某物； outdoor activities户外运动；quite a few =many/ a lot of/ plenty of相当多，不少；one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) ； some day 有一天(指将来)
Unit 8 I’ll clean up in the city park.
1．动词短语：由动词后加介词或副词构成。（表达一种特定含义，是一个整体）
1）及物动词短语：
a.动词+介词（无论宾语是代词或名词，一律放于介词之后）
如：look for; look after; take after; wait for; pay for; ask for; come from; hear from; think of; hear of /about; depend on等
b.动词+副词
如：cheer up; clean up; set up; put up; cut up; fix up; give out; give away; write down等为动副短语，名词作宾语放词组后；代词作宾语，放词组中间。
c. 动词+副词+介词
如：come up with 提出，想出 ; run out of 用完，耗尽; think up with想出等 d. 动词+名词+介词
如：take part in参加; pay attention to 注意、留心；take care of; make fun of取笑
2）不及物动词短语：
a.动词+副词 如：get up; come back; look out； run away等
b.动词+名词 如：take place; make friends ; take notes.
2. He looks sad, let’s3. We’re
5.词组：cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作； hand ou分发； give out分发； give away 赠送 、捐赠； come up with= think up 提出 想出；catch up with赶上 追上；put off doing推迟做某事； put on穿上 (指过程) ；put up张贴； call up 打电话；set up成立 建立；put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用； not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)
either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)；
run away逃跑; take after 与(父母等)相像; be similar to =look like与..相像; work out 算出 、 产生结果 ; help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难
Unit 9 When was it invented?
1. A: When was the car invented? B: It was invented in 1885.
2. A: Who were they invented by? B: They were invented by Julie.
3. A: What are they used for? B: They’re used for seeing in the dark.
4．词组：.by mistake 错误地； by accident 意外 偶然； according to +名词 根
据… ；fall into 落入 掉进； fall down 摔倒；in the way 这样；
in the sixth century 在第6世纪； since then 自从那以后（ 常与完成时 态连用）； divide sth. into … 将…划分成.；. knock into 撞上(某人)； 非常 adv：与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面
如： quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
非常 adv：与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面
如：a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩
注：当不与冠词a 连用时，两者可以互用 如： I am very happy= I am quite happy. 我非常高兴。
习惯于某事… I wash clothes everyday. But I’m used to it. get/be used to doing sth习惯于做某事 I am used to washing clothes.
be used to do sth 被用于做某事 The knives are used to cut things.
be used for doing sth被用于做某事 The knives are used for cutting things. 过去常常做某事 She used to watch TV after school.
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
1. 过去完成时
1)用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它所表示发生在“过去的过去”。
2) 谓语构成：助动词had + 过去分词
3) 标志词：①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示 ③还可以通过上下文暗示。
4）句型：
肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其它.
否定句：主语+hadn’t+过去分词+其它.
一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其它？
答：Yes,主语+had./ No,主语+hadn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+ had+主语+过去分词+其它?
2. By the time he got here, the bus had left.
3. When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
4．词组：
by the time 直到…时候；get dressed穿衣; dress up装扮；move across横穿； 表示“把某物遗忘在某处”用 leave + 地点 ，而不是forget+地点；;come by经过、走过； on time 按时 准时；in time 及时 ；give sb. a ride 让某搭便车 ；only just 刚刚好、恰好 ；go off (闹钟)发出响声；break down 停止运转、不工作； show up 出现 出席 ; stay up 熬夜、不睡觉；set off 激起 出发；set up 建立； flee from=escape from 从…逃跑 避开； get married to sb =marry sb与某人结婚；
Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
1.宾语从句：在复合句中，用来做主句谓语动词、形容词或介词宾语的句子。
2．宾语从句的引导词：
1）宾语从句是陈述意义时，用that引导。（that 可省）
如：He said that I was hard-working. I think that I can get good grades.
2)宾语从句是特殊疑问意义时，用疑问词引导，表示特殊疑问意义。如：关系代词：that, which, who, whom ,whose ；关系副词：where, when, why. how.如： Do you know what he wants to buy?
Can you tell me how I can get to school?
3) 宾语从句表示一般疑问意义，用if/wether(是否)引导。如：
I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish.
Nobody knows if it will rain tomorrow.
3.宾语从句的语序：无论宾语从句的主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句中间用什么引导词，宾语从句一律用陈述语序。即语序为：“连接词+ 主语+ 谓语”构成。即谓语（包括助动词、be动词、情态动词一律在主语之后，如宾语从句是一般现在时和一般过去时的特殊疑问句时，宾从中无助动词do/does或did）
4.宾语从句的时态
1）当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态。
He says that he was at home. 他说他在家里。
2）当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)
He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.
5.词组： hand in 上交、提交、呈送； go past路过、走过；
in a way 在某种程度说；in order to do 为了做；
问路常用的句子： Do you know where …is ? Do you know where the school is?
Can you tell me how can I get to …?
Could you tell me how to get to …？
Unit 12 You are supposed to shake hands.
1.A: What are you supposed to do when you study at school?
B: We are supposed to study hard every day.
2.When were you supposed to arrive? B:I was supposed to arrive at 7:00.
3.You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.
4．词组：shake hands握手; drop by 顺便/偶然拜访；on time 按时；
after all 毕竟、终究；make a toast 敬酒；point at 指
make( a )noise发出令人不愉快的声音；；
.go out of one’s way to do 特意/专门做某事；
learn…by oneself 自学； face to face 面对面； can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事 find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth.
情态动词＋现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做
Unit 13Rainy days make me sad.
1.make
1）实义动词：做、制作、赚等。
如：make a noise , make mistakes ;make money; make the bed等。
2）使役动词：译为“使得„、迫使„。”用于固定结构：
即：make sb/sth do sth 使某人/物做某事
make sb/sth +adj 使某人/物保持某种状态
如：Sad movies make her want to leave.
Loud music makes me tense.
Waiting for him made me angry.
2．词组：to start with首先；after all毕竟、终究；at times有时; aim at瞄准、针对; for instance/example例如; keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事。
Unit 14 Have you packed yet?
1. A:Have you watered the plants yet? B: No, I haven’t.
2. A:Have you packed the camera yet? B: Yes. I’ve already put it in my suitcase.
3.A:Have you fed the cat ？ B: No, I haven’t fed her yet.
4：还、已经。用于完成时的否定句（还）和疑问句（已经）句末。
already:已经。用于完成时的肯定句。（助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前）
5.词组：be/get ready for做好„的准备； get back to sb过一会再与某人通话； clean out/up清除、把„打扫干净； be off离开； so far=till now 到目前为止境; thanks to幸亏、由于 ； some day来日、有朝一日； in search of=search for搜寻；hardly=almost not 几乎没有； believe strongly坚信；
all of„„全部； most of„„大多数； half of„„一半；some of„„一些；any of„„ 任何一个；one of „ „一个；
look forward to盼望、期待；get/be used to 习惯于；pay attention to 注意、留心其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词形式。
Unit 15 We are trying to save the manatees!
词组：care for关心、关怀; care about担心、关心; national flag国旗; pull down推倒、拆除；urge sb to do sth强烈要求某人做某事; be suitable for适合; in one’s life在某人的生命中; in one’s spare time在某人的空闲时间里; be against doing sth反对做某事; be made of/be made from 由„制成;
how far多远; how often多久一次; how long多久; how soon多久以后; how old多大年纪 ; how many/how much多少; 草药how wide多宽； how big多大。
二、同近义词、词组区分：
1、花费：spend、pay、cost、take
主语是人：Sb. spend time/money on sth. 某人花了…（时间、金钱）在某事上。 Sb. spend time/money in doing sth. 某人花了…（时间、金钱）做某事。 主语是人：Sb. pay money for sth. 某人为某物花了…钱。
主语是物：Sth. cost sb money 某物花了某人…钱。
主语是It : It takes/took sb time/money to do sth. 花某人…（时间、金钱）做某事。
2、穿:dress 、have sth. on 、 wear 、put on
have sth. on表示穿戴的状态。He had a straw hat on. 他戴了一顶草帽。
wear表示穿戴的状态。She likes to wear the light green dress. 她喜欢穿浅绿色的衣服。
put on表示穿戴的动作。You’d better put on your overcoat before going out .出门之前你最好穿上大衣。
dress既表动作也表状态。The mother is dressing her baby.母亲正给她的婴儿穿衣服。
3、too much, too many, much too
too much + 不可数名词。如：too much homework太多的家庭作业。
too many + 可数名词复数。如：too many trees太多的树木
much too + 形容词。如：too much hot 太热了
4、alone, lonely
alone表示“单独，独自一个人，强调客观状态，作表语或状语用。
Though I am alone, I am not lonely. 虽然我孤独一人，但我并不感到寂寞。
lonely表示“孤独寂寞”，强调主观感觉，具有浓厚感情色彩，作定语和表语。另外说明特点时还有“人迹稀少的”，“荒凉的”意思。He was taken to a lonely house. 他被带到一个荒无人烟的房子内。
5、寻找:find , look for，find out
find指寻找的结果，即“找到“。例如：Have you / found your pen ? 你找到你的钢笔了吗？
look for 指寻找的动作或过程，是find之前的寻找过程,例如：What are you looking for ? 你在找什么？。
find out查明 指经过一番努力最终找到，多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。 例如：I found out why she left her job.我查出她辞掉工作的原因。
6、携带、运送:bring , take , fetch , get , carry
bring是“带来”，从另外一个地方把东西带到说话的地方来。
例如：Don’t forget to bring a dictionary with you . 别忘了把辞典带来。 take是“带去”，从说话的地方把东西拿到另外的一个地方。
例如：Please take the small blackboard to the classroom 请把这块小黑板带到教室去。
fetch是“去取”，“去拿来”，从说话的地方出发到另外一个地方，然后将东西拿到说话的地方例如：Please fetch me some chalk .请给我拿些粉笔来。
carry表示运送，暗含东西“重”。没有明确的方向。
例如：The bus can carry 30 passengers.这种公交车限乘30名乘客。
7、说、讲：speak, say, talk, tell
speak：说某种语言；speak English say ：后面要跟所说的内容 ；
talk ：谈论，常与about/with/to连用 ； tell：讲述，吩咐。如： tell a story 讲故事
8、到达：reach, arrive, get to
reach是及物动词，后直接加宾语;arrive是不及物动词，后要跟介词才能加宾语，arrive in+大地点，arrive at+小地点; get后跟地点时用to连接，即get to +某地
9、声音：noise, sound, voice
noise指的是人们不愿听到的噪声;sound泛指可以听到的声音;voice则指说话和唱歌的嗓音。
10、家：family ,house, home
family重指家庭，家庭成员，与居住的居住的房子无关；house的意思是房屋，住宅;
home的意思是家，主要是指一个人出生的地方，也有家乡故乡之意，它具有house没有的感情色彩。
11、how long, how soon, how often, how far.
how long多久、多长时间。常用for+一段时间，since+点时间来回答。
how soon多快、多久以后。对短暂动作的提问，用于一般将来时,in+一段时间的回答。
how often多久一次，提问频率，常用one/twice/three times a week等的回答。 how far多远，对距离的提问。如：How far is it?
12、大声、响亮：aloud、loud、loudly
aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,
常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级
形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。
loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。
13、other、others、the other、the others、another
other指其它的、别的。作形容词,修修饰单数名词。
others指其它的人或物，不指全部。
the other指两者中的另 z一个，常与one连用。
the others指一定范围内的其余人或物的全部，即剩下的全部。
another泛指三个或三个以上的人和物中的另一个。
14、多的：many、much、a lot of、lots of
都表示多。many只修饰可数名词的复数，much只修饰不可数名词，a lot of和lots of既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词。
15、少的：few、a few、little、a little
few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有
几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思，few、a few修饰可数名词；little、a little修饰不
可数名词。
三、词形转化
1、动词变名词：
（1）play玩、打- player运动员；report报道-reporter记者；work工作-worker
工人； build建造-builder建设者-building建筑物； travel旅行-traveler旅行者；
wait等待-waiter服务员；teach教-teacher教师； sing唱-singer歌手； read读-reader
读者； run跑-runner跑步者； swim游泳-swimmer 游泳者
（2）write写-writer作者；drive驾驶-driver驾驶员； dance跳舞-dancer 舞蹈家
（3）act表演-actor演员；visit参观-visitor参观者； collect收藏-collector收藏者
-collection-收藏品；invent发明-inventor发明者（指人）-invention发明（指物）
（4）predict预言-prediction预言、预测；decide决定-decision决定suggest建议
-suggestion建议； educate教育 -education教育；discuss讨论（动）- discussion
讨论（名）
2、动词变为形容词
surprise惊奇-surprised惊奇的； injure受伤-injured受伤的； worry担心-worried
担心的； organize组织-organized有组织的-organization（名词）组织
3、词（天气）变（天气）形容词
sun太阳-sunny 晴朗的； wind风-windy多风的； cloud云-cloudy多云的； snow
雪-snowy有雪的； rain雨-rainy多雨的
luck幸运（名词）-lucky幸运的（形容词）-luckily幸运地（副词）-unlucky 不
幸的 -unluckily不幸地 ；health健康（名词）-healthy健康的（形容词）-unhealthy
不健康的；noise声音（名词）-noisy 噪杂的（形容词）；
4、形容词变副词（形容词+ly构成副词）
happy高兴的-happily高兴地； clear清晰的-clearly清晰地； angry生气的-angrily
生气地；easy容易的- easily容易地；heavy重的-heavily 猛烈地；careful小心的
-carefully小心地；polite有礼貌的-politely有礼貌地；possible可能的-possibly可
能地；impossible不可能的-impossibly不可能地；terrible可怕的-terribly可怕地；brave勇敢的-bravely勇敢地；quick迅速的-quickly迅速地；strong强壮的-strongly
强壮地；late晚的-lately晚地、最近；deep深的-deeply深深地； high高的-highly
高地； wide宽的-widely广泛地；freedom自由free自由的、免费-freely自由地；real真实的-really真实地； success（名）成功-succeed动）成功-successful成功
的-successfully成功地； wonder奇迹-wonderful美好的-wonderfully美好地
5、名词后+ful构成形容词：beauty美丽-beautiful美丽的-beautifully美丽地；
success成功-successful成功的-successfully成功地;care小心-careful小心的
-careless粗心的-carelessly粗心地；：use用途- useful有用的；thank感谢-thankful
感谢的；help帮助-helpful有帮助的 ；wonder奇迹-wonderful极好的； peace和
平-peaceful和平的；color颜色-colorful丰富的
6、这三个动词前加a变为形容词：live生活-alive活着的；sleep睡觉-asleep
睡着的-sleepy（形）困倦的；；wake醒来-awake醒着的
7、名词构成名词：science科学 –scientist科学家 -scientific科学的； art艺术-artist
艺术家； piano钢琴-pianist钢琴家 ；violin小提琴-violinist 小提琴家
music音乐-musician音乐家；friend朋友-friendship友谊-friendly友好的-unfriendly
不友好的 village村庄-villager村民； farm农场-farmer农民； law法律-lawyer
律师
8、表方位的名词+ern构成（表方位）形容词：north北方-northern北方的；south
南方-southern南方的；west西方-western西方的；east东方-eastern东方的
9、动词+ing(指物)/ed（指人）构成形容词：interest吸引兴趣-interested-interesting
感兴趣的； relax使放松-relaxed-relaxing放松的；bore使厌烦-bored-boring厌烦
的；excite使激动-excited-exciting激动的；amaze使惊异-amazed-amazing惊异的；surprise惊讶-surprised-surprising惊讶的；tire使劳累-tired-tiring劳累的;please使
高兴-pleased-pleasing高兴的-pleasant愉快的（修饰名词）- pleasure愉快（名）
10、名词（人体部位）+ache构成（某部位疼痛的）名词
stomach胃-stomachache胃痛； tooth牙-toothache牙痛； head头-headache头痛
11、名词+al构成形容词：tradition传统-traditional传统的； nation国家、民族
-national全国的、民族的；person人-personal私人的； educate教育（动词）-
education（名词）教育— educational有教育意义的
12、形容词去t+ce构成名词：different不同的-difference不同、差异；important
重要的-importance重要性-unimportant不重要的；,confident自信的-confidence自
信心
13、动词+ment构成形容词：achieve实现-achievement成绩、成就； disagree不
同意、分歧-disagreement分歧、意见不合；develop成长-development成长、发展
14、有两个词+able变成形容词：know知道-knowledge知识- knowledgeable知识
渊博的； enjoy喜爱-enjoyable令人愉快的；
15、其它：difficult（形）困难的-difficulty（名）困难；with有-without无、没有；danger（名）危险-dangerous危险的；new新有-news新闻； safe安全的-safety
（名）安全-safely安全地； love（动）爱-lovely可爱的-loving慈爱的；foreign
外国的-foreigner外国人； die（动）死-dead（形）死的-death（名）死； true
真实的-truth（名）真理 ； energy活力（名）-energetic有活力的；say说-saying
格言、谚语； pronoun发音-pronunciation发音、发音法; please使高兴-pleasure
乐意-pleasant愉快的；salt盐-salty咸的。
四、交际用语
别人夸奖你，要说“Thank you.谢谢。”
当同意别人的建议，邀请时，可用“of course=ok=all right=sure当然可以”回答或
用“Good idea=That’s a good idea=That sounds good.好主意”来回答。
当别人不能帮上你的忙时，应说“Thank you all the same.仍然要谢谢你”。
当你听到别人向你诉说不幸时，要说“(I’m)sorry to hear that.听到这我很难过”。
当别人对你说他要去度假、旅游等时，应说“Have a good time祝你玩得愉快或
Have a good trip祝你旅途愉快 ”。
当听到别人对你说他要参加考试，比赛等时，应说“Good luck.祝你好愿”。
当别人对你说他取好成绩，获得成功时，应说“Congratulations.祝贺你”。
当伤害到别人时，应说“Sorry.对不起”。
别人帮助你时，要说“Thanks/Thanks a lot/Thank you very much/Thank you for your
help/Thank you for helping me.”答为“You are welcome=That’s ok=That’s all right .
不用谢”。
要请别人帮忙时，应先说“Excuse me.打扰一下,再加Could you help me?”。答为
Yes, sure.译为“是的，可以”。
当别人对你说大家共同的某节日快乐时，应说“Thank you, the same to you.谢谢
你，你也同样。”当别人对你说生日快乐时，则回答为“Thank you.谢谢。”
当你去购物或去喝咖啡、冷饮时，店员说“May I help you?要我帮助你吗？”，则
回答为“Yes, please,后加想要的东西。”
五、非谓语动词
1．后面只跟不定式的动词有:
try、tell、ask、decide、want、would like想要、invite、encourage、allow、 teach、choose、agree、hope 、wish、learn 等。
即:want to+ do sth(想要做某事) want sb. to +do sth=would sb.like to do sth (想要
某人做某事)
try to do sth (试图做某事) tell sb. to do sth(告诉某人做某事) ask sb.to do sth (叫某人做某事) invite sb.to do sth (邀请某人做某事)
need+时间/金钱+to do sth需要…做某事 encourage sb.to do sth (鼓励某人
做某事)
allow to do sth(允许做某事) allow sb. to do sth(允许某人做某事) agree to do sth.(同意做某事) agree sb. to do sth.(同意某人做某事)
hope to do sth（希望做某事） wish to do sth（期望做某事）
teach sb. to do sth （教某人做某事） learn to do sth(学习做某事) choose to do sth(选择做某事)
★动词不定式的否定结构:在前面加not即not + to do sth
如:tell sb. not to do sth告诉某人不要做某事.
（1）Li lin invited his classmate _________(come) to his birthday party yesterday .
（2）Please tell him _________ ( not be) late again next time.
something to drink/eat一些喝/吃的东西（动词不定式作定语---放在修饰词之后）
动词不定式作宾语的补足语：I have a lot of homework to do.
动词不定式与疑问词连用作宾语：I don’t know how to do.
句型：(1) It take(有时态变化) sb +一段时间 +to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
(2) It is/was +形容词(for sb.)+to do sth.做某事对某人而言……如：It’s helpful for
me to learn English well.学好英对我是有用的。
(3) Sb’s job/work is/are to do sth.某人的工作是… My father’s work is to teach
studuents,.
(4) It’s time to do sth=It’s time for sth.该是……的时候了。
如：It’s time to go to bed.=It’s time for going to bed.该睡觉了。
(5) The best way to +do sth is/was to+V…做某事最好的方法是……
如：The best way to study English is to practice more.(学习英语最好的方法是多练习)
2、后面只跟动名词的动词有:enjoy, finish, keep, practice , consider等
即：enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事； finish doing sth结束做某事 ； keep (on) doing sth 坚持/继续做某事；go on doing sth继续做某事 ；practice doing sth 练习做某
事；consider doing sth 考虑做某事； stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事； feel like doing sth 想要做某事； spend time/money (in) doing sth花费（时间或金钱）做某事；spend time/money on sth花费（时间或金钱）在某事上
be busy doing sth忙于做某事； be worth doing sth值得做某事； be interested in doing sth对做某事感兴趣； be fascinated in doing sth 对做某事入迷；take pride in=be proud of doing sth对做某事感到自豪； be surprised at doing sth对做某事感到惊讶 ；be good at doing sth擅长做某事=do well in sth； be terrified of doing sth=be afraid to do sth.对做某事感到害怕； Thank you for doing sth 为做某事而感谢； How/What about doing sth 做某事怎么样 ？ have fun doing sth开开心心做某事; have trouble/experience in doing sth 对做某事有困难/经验; would you mind doing sth 你介意做某事吗;
3﹑既可跟动词不定式，也可跟动名词的动词有：
（1） stop to do sth (停下来去做某事) stop doing sth 停止做某事.
如:stop to rest停下来去休息 stop resting停止休息.
（2）forget to do sth忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事。
（3）remember to do sth(记得去做某事，事还没做)
remember doing sth（记得做过某事，事已做）
（4）need to do sth（主语是人）/need doing sth（主语是物） 都表示需要做某事。
（5)喜欢做某事：like doing sth或like to do sth；
讨厌做某事: hate doing sth/hate to do sth
（6）开始做某事:start doing sth 或start to do sth
4﹑后跟动词原形的动词有：助动词（(do/does/did/will/shall);情态动词（can/could/must/may/
might/should）以及使役动词（make/let）后，如：make /let sb do sth（让某人做某事），
5、只用动词原形的句子：Could/Will /Would you (please) do sth?请你（们）……好吗？Could/Will /Would you (please) not do sth? 请你（们）不……好吗？ had better do sth最好做某事 had better not do sth最好不做某事（had常与主语采用缩写形式如You had better=You ’d better） used to do sth过去常常做某事 used to be过去常常是……样子 提建议：Why not do sth =Why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？ Let’s do sth.让我们做某事吧！ Shall we do sth.？我们做某事好吗？ help sb do sth=help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事
六、重点词组
1、Be+形容词+介词 词组
1.be good at 擅长、在……方面做得好 2.be stressed out有压力的、紧张的
3.be able to 有能力做某事、会做某事 4.be interested in 对……感兴趣 5.be supposed to被期望或被要求做 6.be afraid to 害怕去做、不敢去做 7.be angry with 生……的气、对……感到气愤 8.be bad for对……有害 9.be in agreement 意见一致 10.be off 离开、走开 11.be terrified of 非常害怕的、极度恐惧的 12.be used for 用来做…… 13.be willing to 乐意（做某事） 14.be/get used to 习惯于……
2、形容词词组
1.a lot of = lots of大量、许多 2.a little bit 一点儿、少许 3.a piece of 一块、一片 4.a few有些、几个、数个 5.all kinds of 各种各样的 6.in common 公有的、共有的 7.in style时髦的、流行的 8.out of style 不时髦的、过时的
9.the same as与……同样的 10.in the way 挡道的 11.in this way 这样
12.plenty of 很多的、足够的 13.hundreds of 数以百计的、许多的 13.thousands of 数以千计的、许许多多的
3、副词词组
1.a lot 很、非常、常常 2.all over到处、遍及各处 3.at least 至少 4.at once =right away立刻、马上 5.at present目前、现在 6.at times有时、偶尔 7.at the moment 此刻、现在 8.at the same time同时 9.all the time一直 10.all year round一年到头、终年 11.around the world在世界各地 12.first of all=at first 首先 13.to start with 首先 14.later on 以后、随后 15.in the end最后、终于 16.in the future 未来、将来 17.by accident 偶然地、意外地 18.by mistake 错误地 19.by the time 到……时候、到……之前 20.quite a few 相当多、不少 21.some day来日、有朝一日 22.far away在远处 23.as…as possible尽可能 24.as soon as possible尽快地
4、介词词组
1.according to根据、按照、视……而定 2.as …as像……一样 3.as for 至于、关于4.at home 在家 5.at night在晚上、在夜里 6.by boat乘小船
7.by bus乘公车 8.by the way 顺便一提、附带说说 9.in front of 在……前面 10.across from在……对面11.next to 紧靠……的旁边、贴近 12.in good health 身体健康 13.in general通常、大体上、一般而 14. in fact 实际上、事实上 15.in time即时 16.on time准时 17.on sale 廉价出售 18.on the right 在右边 19.on vacation 在度假、在假期中 20.on boat 在船上 21.on the one hand 一方面 22.on the other hand 在另一方面 23.on the phone用电话交谈
24.on display 展览、陈列 25.to be honest老实说、说实在的 26.to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是
5、其它
1.Here you are给你 2.You’re welcome不客气 3.lost and found 失物招领
4.what time几点、什么时候 5.It’s time to…该是……的时候了 6.How
about …=what about ………怎么样 7.kind of有几分 8.no talking不许讲话
9.not …any more不再…… 10.because of因为、由于 11.how far 多远
12.how long 多长时间 13.how many 多少 14.how often 多久一次 15.more than 超过、超出 16.of course当然、自然 17.too …to …太……以致不能……
18.three quarters四分之三 19.What’s wrong=What’s the matter=What’s the problem/trouble怎么了 20.after all毕竟、终究、究竟 21.It doesn’t matter没关 22.(not) at all丝毫（也不）、一点（也不） 23.not at all一点也不 24.not …in the slightest一点也不、根本不 25.so far到目前为止 26.what if如果……将会怎样 27.suit (sb) fine 适合(某人)的意
Confidence makes me learn better
In our life, no matter what to do, confidence is one of the keys to success. If we are confidence enough, success will not be far away from us.
Three years ago, when I first learnt English, I felt it was too difficult to learn. I couldn’t understand what my teacher said. I was so worried that I didn’t want to learn English. Knowing this, my English teacher had a long talk with me. I still remember his words. “Believe in yourself. If you keep trying, you can do everything well.” His words really encouraged me and I studied harder than before, my English was getting better and better.
In a word, confidence makes me learn better.
My Middle School Life
Hello! Everyone, I’m glad that I will finish middle school in July..
Now let me tell you something about my middle schoollife.At school, I study hard and I am good at math and English .After school ,I often play sports and do some reading in the school library with my classmates . I get on well with them. Our teachers teach us well. They often help me when I am in trouble. They are like our friends and parents .We love them.
I want to be a teacher like our teachers and help more and more students to study better and live happily in the future.
Thank you, my parents!
I have a happy family. My father and mother love me very much.
About one year ago, it was nearly 11:00 in the evening. I still played computer games with my friends. I heard my father asking the computer room assistant about me. I ran away from the computer room. Unluckily, I broke my leg. My parents sent me to the hospital without saying a word at once. From then on, my father took me to school with his bike every morning whenever is was cold、rainy、or hot. At noon, my mother sent delicious lunch to our classroom. I was deeply moved by my parents’ behavior and realized that I was wrong.
Now I study very hard. My parents help me with their love. I should say to my parents. “Thank you, my parents! Thank for your love. I’ll never be a naughty (顽皮的)boy.
九年级英语全一册教材重点知识梳理
Unit1 How do you study for a test?
1. A: How do you study for a test? B: I study for a test with classmates.
2. A: How does she get good grades? 3. A: Have you ever studied with a group? B: Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
4．语法：by + doing 译为“ 通过、用……方法”来回答how提出的问句。如：by studying with a group；by listening to tapes.
5． by 还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…之前”、“用、” “ 经过”、“乘” “由”“被”等。如：
I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock.
The thief entered the room by the window.
The student went to park by bus.
6．词组：first of all 首先； to begin with 一开始； break off终断、终止； worry about sb/ sth. 担心某人/ 某事; 成go by (时间) 过去; be afraid to do=be afraid of doing sth=be terrified of doing sth害怕去做某事; make up编造、组成 ; look up查阅、查找 ; be angry with sb对某人生气；make mistakes 犯错 ；laugh at sb. 取笑（某人）； take notes 做笔记，做记录； deal with 处理; regard… as … 把…看作为; change…into…将…变为….; compare … to …把…与…相比; later on 后来、随后； It doesn’t matte没关系; unless=if not 假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句；try one’s best to do sth尽力去做某事; the best way to do sth做某事的最好方法是„； have trouble/problem/experience (in)doing sth对做某事有困难/经验； each other 彼此。
Unit2 I used to be afraid of the dark. (过去常做某事)
1．“used to ”译为“过去常常、以前常常”后接动词原形 ：used to do sth 过去常做某事；used to be过去常是…样子。
如：I used to have short hair. She used to be short.
2. I used to play basketball.
3. She used to be quiet. （过去常有）
6.词组：.
make a decision=decide 做决定、下决心; afford to do sth支付得起做某事; take pride in sth.=be proud of sth对某事感到自豪； fall/be/go to sleep入睡； chat with sb与某人闲聊 ；in the end =at last=finally最后; no more == no longer不再; even though即使、纵然; give up doing sth放弃做某事；
over the years 很多年来，常与现在完成时连用；in the last few years. 在过去的
几年内（常与完成时连用）; to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是；
Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
1．语态：
1）英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态:表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者
Cats eat fish.猫吃鱼。(主动语态）
Fish by cats.鱼被猫吃。(被动语态)
2）被动语态谓语构成：助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词（助动词be 有人称、 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：The door was closed.
2． 3.词组：
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
get/have sth done使某物被做； clean up 打扫、整理；stay up 熬夜；
take the test 参加考试; pass the test 通过考试; fail the test考试失败;
learn (sth.) from sb向某人学习某物； at present=now 目前；practice doing 练习做某事；at least 最少； at most 最多；get in the way of 碍事，妨碍；have an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事; have a chance of doing sth.有机会做某事
4．倒装句：
①so＋助动词(do/will/have)/be动词/情态动词＋主语 译为：“…也是一样”如：她是一个学生，我也是。
她刚才去学校了，我也是
她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。
②so＋主语＋助动词(do/will/have)/be动词/情态动词 译为：“„的确如此”如：
Unit 4 What would you do? . 3含if 虚拟条件状语从句的复合句，在if真实条件状语从句的基础上，时态往前推一个：即if从句用一般过去时，主句用过去将来时。
句型为：从句（if+主语sb +动词过去式did/were+其它） ,主句（主语+would/should +动词原形+其它）。如：If I were you, I would bring a small present.假如我是你，我将带一个小礼物来。
4.词组：pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 ；what if=what would happen if如果…将会„样 ; in public 在公共场所 ; introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 ; plenty of许多修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 ; come out 出版(无被动)； would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如:I would rather walk than run; let sb. down 让某人失望; come up with sth提出 想出 ; catch up with sb追上 赶上; offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物；
by accident 偶然地; by mistake错误地；
5．hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several/some 用单数 ，后有of时，用复数。如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people ; six hundred; hundreds of trees .
Unit 5 It must belong to Carla.
1.情态动词表推测：must 一定是、准是（100%的可能性) could 可能是(20%－80%的可能性); might 可能是、也许是; can’t 不可能是（否定，可能性几乎为零)。
2. A: Whose book is this? B: The book must be Ming’s. It has her name on it.
3. A: Whose guitar is this? B: It might belong to Alice. She plays the guitar.
4．对现在正在进行的动作的推测：推测情态动词+be+现在分词，如：I think my 5．There be +sth/sb+doing sth.有某人/某物正在做某事。如：There are some students studying at the classroom..
6.词组：
belong to sb=must be sb’s一定属于某人； use up=run out of 用光、用完 an ocean of +名词 意为极多的，用不尽的；如：an ocean of energy.
因为：because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语； because +从句；
当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything，somewhere, anywhere; nowhere; everywhere等不定代/副词时，放在这些词的后面
如：something different; somewhere interesting.
Unit 6 I like music that I can dance to
1.复合句：由两个或两个以上的有主谓结构的句子，用从属连词连接起来组成的句子。主句是主体，从句起补充、修饰、说明的作用。
简单句 + 引导词 + 简单句
主语+谓语（动）+宾语（名/代）+ 引导词+ 主语+谓语（动）+宾语（名/代）
2．定语从句：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的句子。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句放于先行词之后。引导定语从句的词做叫关系词。
3．关系词：放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。分为：
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose；关系副词：where, when, why.
4．关系词“that” “who”的用法：
“that”既可用于先行词指人时，也可用于先行词指物时。（如在从句中作宾语可省）。如：This a book that is interesting .
“who”只用于先行词指人时。（在从句中作宾语时，可用whom代替） 如：He is a student who works hard everyday.
3.I like music that I can dance to 。（music是先行词;that是关系词可省；that I can dance to是定语从句，用来修饰先行词music）
4. Li Ming likes music that’s quiet and gentle.
5. I love friend who/that is outgoing.
6. He prefers music that has great lyrics.（从句谓语要与先行词一致）
7. I love places where the people are friendly. 我喜欢人们友好的地方。(where 关系副词，引导定语从句)
8.词组：prefer=like „better 更喜欢；
prefer A to B. 同B相比更喜欢A，如：I prefer dogs to cats；
宁愿做某事，如：I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着； prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事；
along with 伴随… 同… 一道；dance to sth. 随着某物跳舞 ；
remind sb. of sb./sth. 提醒 使…记起…；be sure to do 一定做某事 肯定做某事 ；on display/show 展览； stay away from 远离… ；to be honest 老实说； even if=even though甚至； suit sb fine 很适合某的意；
be in agreement 意见一致 ； come and go来来去去。
Unit7 Where would you like to visit
1. A: Where would you like to go on vacation?
B1: I’d like to go somewhere relaxing/interesting.
B2: I’d love to visit Japan.
B3: I hope to go to France some day.
B4: I want to go to Beijing some day.
2.词组：hope to do 希望做某事，如：I hope to have a good job in the future.
hope (that) + 从句 希望….如：I hope that I can get good grades.
consider doing考虑做某事； provide sb. with sth = provide sth for sb.给某人提供某
物； be /go away离开；continue doing == go on doing 继续做某事；
according to根据； dream of/about 幻想; hear of/about听见、听说； think of/about思考、认为； be willing to do 愿意做某事 hold on to sth. 坚持、不放弃 某物； outdoor activities户外运动；quite a few =many/ a lot of/ plenty of相当多，不少；one day 有一天 (指将来/过去) ； some day 有一天(指将来)
Unit 8 I’ll clean up in the city park.
1．动词短语：由动词后加介词或副词构成。（表达一种特定含义，是一个整体）
1）及物动词短语：
a.动词+介词（无论宾语是代词或名词，一律放于介词之后）
如：look for; look after; take after; wait for; pay for; ask for; come from; hear from; think of; hear of /about; depend on等
b.动词+副词
如：cheer up; clean up; set up; put up; cut up; fix up; give out; give away; write down等为动副短语，名词作宾语放词组后；代词作宾语，放词组中间。
c. 动词+副词+介词
如：come up with 提出，想出 ; run out of 用完，耗尽; think up with想出等 d. 动词+名词+介词
如：take part in参加; pay attention to 注意、留心；take care of; make fun of取笑
2）不及物动词短语：
a.动词+副词 如：get up; come back; look out； run away等
b.动词+名词 如：take place; make friends ; take notes.
2. He looks sad, let’s3. We’re
5.词组：cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作； hand ou分发； give out分发； give away 赠送 、捐赠； come up with= think up 提出 想出；catch up with赶上 追上；put off doing推迟做某事； put on穿上 (指过程) ；put up张贴； call up 打电话；set up成立 建立；put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用； not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)
either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)；
run away逃跑; take after 与(父母等)相像; be similar to =look like与..相像; work out 算出 、 产生结果 ; help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难
Unit 9 When was it invented?
1. A: When was the car invented? B: It was invented in 1885.
2. A: Who were they invented by? B: They were invented by Julie.
3. A: What are they used for? B: They’re used for seeing in the dark.
4．词组：.by mistake 错误地； by accident 意外 偶然； according to +名词 根
据… ；fall into 落入 掉进； fall down 摔倒；in the way 这样；
in the sixth century 在第6世纪； since then 自从那以后（ 常与完成时 态连用）； divide sth. into … 将…划分成.；. knock into 撞上(某人)； 非常 adv：与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面
如： quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩
非常 adv：与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面
如：a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩
注：当不与冠词a 连用时，两者可以互用 如： I am very happy= I am quite happy. 我非常高兴。
习惯于某事… I wash clothes everyday. But I’m used to it. get/be used to doing sth习惯于做某事 I am used to washing clothes.
be used to do sth 被用于做某事 The knives are used to cut things.
be used for doing sth被用于做某事 The knives are used for cutting things. 过去常常做某事 She used to watch TV after school.
Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.
1. 过去完成时
1)用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它所表示发生在“过去的过去”。
2) 谓语构成：助动词had + 过去分词
3) 标志词：①表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示②也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示 ③还可以通过上下文暗示。
4）句型：
肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其它.
否定句：主语+hadn’t+过去分词+其它.
一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其它？
答：Yes,主语+had./ No,主语+hadn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+ had+主语+过去分词+其它?
2. By the time he got here, the bus had left.
3. When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
4．词组：
by the time 直到…时候；get dressed穿衣; dress up装扮；move across横穿； 表示“把某物遗忘在某处”用 leave + 地点 ，而不是forget+地点；;come by经过、走过； on time 按时 准时；in time 及时 ；give sb. a ride 让某搭便车 ；only just 刚刚好、恰好 ；go off (闹钟)发出响声；break down 停止运转、不工作； show up 出现 出席 ; stay up 熬夜、不睡觉；set off 激起 出发；set up 建立； flee from=escape from 从…逃跑 避开； get married to sb =marry sb与某人结婚；
Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
1.宾语从句：在复合句中，用来做主句谓语动词、形容词或介词宾语的句子。
2．宾语从句的引导词：
1）宾语从句是陈述意义时，用that引导。（that 可省）
如：He said that I was hard-working. I think that I can get good grades.
2)宾语从句是特殊疑问意义时，用疑问词引导，表示特殊疑问意义。如：关系代词：that, which, who, whom ,whose ；关系副词：where, when, why. how.如： Do you know what he wants to buy?
Can you tell me how I can get to school?
3) 宾语从句表示一般疑问意义，用if/wether(是否)引导。如：
I don’t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish.
Nobody knows if it will rain tomorrow.
3.宾语从句的语序：无论宾语从句的主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句中间用什么引导词，宾语从句一律用陈述语序。即语序为：“连接词+ 主语+ 谓语”构成。即谓语（包括助动词、be动词、情态动词一律在主语之后，如宾语从句是一般现在时和一般过去时的特殊疑问句时，宾从中无助动词do/does或did）
4.宾语从句的时态
1）当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态。
He says that he was at home. 他说他在家里。
2）当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)
He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
I didn’t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.
5.词组： hand in 上交、提交、呈送； go past路过、走过；
in a way 在某种程度说；in order to do 为了做；
问路常用的句子： Do you know where …is ? Do you know where the school is?
Can you tell me how can I get to …?
Could you tell me how to get to …？
Unit 12 You are supposed to shake hands.
1.A: What are you supposed to do when you study at school?
B: We are supposed to study hard every day.
2.When were you supposed to arrive? B:I was supposed to arrive at 7:00.
3.You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.
4．词组：shake hands握手; drop by 顺便/偶然拜访；on time 按时；
after all 毕竟、终究；make a toast 敬酒；point at 指
make( a )noise发出令人不愉快的声音；；
.go out of one’s way to do 特意/专门做某事；
learn…by oneself 自学； face to face 面对面； can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事 find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth.
情态动词＋现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做
Unit 13Rainy days make me sad.
1.make
1）实义动词：做、制作、赚等。
如：make a noise , make mistakes ;make money; make the bed等。
2）使役动词：译为“使得„、迫使„。”用于固定结构：
即：make sb/sth do sth 使某人/物做某事
make sb/sth +adj 使某人/物保持某种状态
如：Sad movies make her want to leave.
Loud music makes me tense.
Waiting for him made me angry.
2．词组：to start with首先；after all毕竟、终究；at times有时; aim at瞄准、针对; for instance/example例如; keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事。
Unit 14 Have you packed yet?
1. A:Have you watered the plants yet? B: No, I haven’t.
2. A:Have you packed the camera yet? B: Yes. I’ve already put it in my suitcase.
3.A:Have you fed the cat ？ B: No, I haven’t fed her yet.
4：还、已经。用于完成时的否定句（还）和疑问句（已经）句末。
already:已经。用于完成时的肯定句。（助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前）
5.词组：be/get ready for做好„的准备； get back to sb过一会再与某人通话； clean out/up清除、把„打扫干净； be off离开； so far=till now 到目前为止境; thanks to幸亏、由于 ； some day来日、有朝一日； in search of=search for搜寻；hardly=almost not 几乎没有； believe strongly坚信；
all of„„全部； most of„„大多数； half of„„一半；some of„„一些；any of„„ 任何一个；one of „ „一个；
look forward to盼望、期待；get/be used to 习惯于；pay attention to 注意、留心其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词形式。
Unit 15 We are trying to save the manatees!
词组：care for关心、关怀; care about担心、关心; national flag国旗; pull down推倒、拆除；urge sb to do sth强烈要求某人做某事; be suitable for适合; in one’s life在某人的生命中; in one’s spare time在某人的空闲时间里; be against doing sth反对做某事; be made of/be made from 由„制成;
how far多远; how often多久一次; how long多久; how soon多久以后; how old多大年纪 ; how many/how much多少; 草药how wide多宽； how big多大。
二、同近义词、词组区分：
1、花费：spend、pay、cost、take
主语是人：Sb. spend time/money on sth. 某人花了…（时间、金钱）在某事上。 Sb. spend time/money in doing sth. 某人花了…（时间、金钱）做某事。 主语是人：Sb. pay money for sth. 某人为某物花了…钱。
主语是物：Sth. cost sb money 某物花了某人…钱。
主语是It : It takes/took sb time/money to do sth. 花某人…（时间、金钱）做某事。
2、穿:dress 、have sth. on 、 wear 、put on
have sth. on表示穿戴的状态。He had a straw hat on. 他戴了一顶草帽。
wear表示穿戴的状态。She likes to wear the light green dress. 她喜欢穿浅绿色的衣服。
put on表示穿戴的动作。You’d better put on your overcoat before going out .出门之前你最好穿上大衣。
dress既表动作也表状态。The mother is dressing her baby.母亲正给她的婴儿穿衣服。
3、too much, too many, much too
too much + 不可数名词。如：too much homework太多的家庭作业。
too many + 可数名词复数。如：too many trees太多的树木
much too + 形容词。如：too much hot 太热了
4、alone, lonely
alone表示“单独，独自一个人，强调客观状态，作表语或状语用。
Though I am alone, I am not lonely. 虽然我孤独一人，但我并不感到寂寞。
lonely表示“孤独寂寞”，强调主观感觉，具有浓厚感情色彩，作定语和表语。另外说明特点时还有“人迹稀少的”，“荒凉的”意思。He was taken to a lonely house. 他被带到一个荒无人烟的房子内。
5、寻找:find , look for，find out
find指寻找的结果，即“找到“。例如：Have you / found your pen ? 你找到你的钢笔了吗？
look for 指寻找的动作或过程，是find之前的寻找过程,例如：What are you looking for ? 你在找什么？。
find out查明 指经过一番努力最终找到，多用于复杂而不易直接查出的情况。 例如：I found out why she left her job.我查出她辞掉工作的原因。
6、携带、运送:bring , take , fetch , get , carry
bring是“带来”，从另外一个地方把东西带到说话的地方来。
例如：Don’t forget to bring a dictionary with you . 别忘了把辞典带来。 take是“带去”，从说话的地方把东西拿到另外的一个地方。
例如：Please take the small blackboard to the classroom 请把这块小黑板带到教室去。
fetch是“去取”，“去拿来”，从说话的地方出发到另外一个地方，然后将东西拿到说话的地方例如：Please fetch me some chalk .请给我拿些粉笔来。
carry表示运送，暗含东西“重”。没有明确的方向。
例如：The bus can carry 30 passengers.这种公交车限乘30名乘客。
7、说、讲：speak, say, talk, tell
speak：说某种语言；speak English say ：后面要跟所说的内容 ；
talk ：谈论，常与about/with/to连用 ； tell：讲述，吩咐。如： tell a story 讲故事
8、到达：reach, arrive, get to
reach是及物动词，后直接加宾语;arrive是不及物动词，后要跟介词才能加宾语，arrive in+大地点，arrive at+小地点; get后跟地点时用to连接，即get to +某地
9、声音：noise, sound, voice
noise指的是人们不愿听到的噪声;sound泛指可以听到的声音;voice则指说话和唱歌的嗓音。
10、家：family ,house, home
family重指家庭，家庭成员，与居住的居住的房子无关；house的意思是房屋，住宅;
home的意思是家，主要是指一个人出生的地方，也有家乡故乡之意，它具有house没有的感情色彩。
11、how long, how soon, how often, how far.
how long多久、多长时间。常用for+一段时间，since+点时间来回答。
how soon多快、多久以后。对短暂动作的提问，用于一般将来时,in+一段时间的回答。
how often多久一次，提问频率，常用one/twice/three times a week等的回答。 how far多远，对距离的提问。如：How far is it?
12、大声、响亮：aloud、loud、loudly
aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,
常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级
形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。
loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。
13、other、others、the other、the others、another
other指其它的、别的。作形容词,修修饰单数名词。
others指其它的人或物，不指全部。
the other指两者中的另 z一个，常与one连用。
the others指一定范围内的其余人或物的全部，即剩下的全部。
another泛指三个或三个以上的人和物中的另一个。
14、多的：many、much、a lot of、lots of
都表示多。many只修饰可数名词的复数，much只修饰不可数名词，a lot of和lots of既可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词。
15、少的：few、a few、little、a little
few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有
几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思，few、a few修饰可数名词；little、a little修饰不
可数名词。
三、词形转化
1、动词变名词：
（1）play玩、打- player运动员；report报道-reporter记者；work工作-worker
工人； build建造-builder建设者-building建筑物； travel旅行-traveler旅行者；
wait等待-waiter服务员；teach教-teacher教师； sing唱-singer歌手； read读-reader
读者； run跑-runner跑步者； swim游泳-swimmer 游泳者
（2）write写-writer作者；drive驾驶-driver驾驶员； dance跳舞-dancer 舞蹈家
（3）act表演-actor演员；visit参观-visitor参观者； collect收藏-collector收藏者
-collection-收藏品；invent发明-inventor发明者（指人）-invention发明（指物）
（4）predict预言-prediction预言、预测；decide决定-decision决定suggest建议
-suggestion建议； educate教育 -education教育；discuss讨论（动）- discussion
讨论（名）
2、动词变为形容词
surprise惊奇-surprised惊奇的； injure受伤-injured受伤的； worry担心-worried
担心的； organize组织-organized有组织的-organization（名词）组织
3、词（天气）变（天气）形容词
sun太阳-sunny 晴朗的； wind风-windy多风的； cloud云-cloudy多云的； snow
雪-snowy有雪的； rain雨-rainy多雨的
luck幸运（名词）-lucky幸运的（形容词）-luckily幸运地（副词）-unlucky 不
幸的 -unluckily不幸地 ；health健康（名词）-healthy健康的（形容词）-unhealthy
不健康的；noise声音（名词）-noisy 噪杂的（形容词）；
4、形容词变副词（形容词+ly构成副词）
happy高兴的-happily高兴地； clear清晰的-clearly清晰地； angry生气的-angrily
生气地；easy容易的- easily容易地；heavy重的-heavily 猛烈地；careful小心的
-carefully小心地；polite有礼貌的-politely有礼貌地；possible可能的-possibly可
能地；impossible不可能的-impossibly不可能地；terrible可怕的-terribly可怕地；brave勇敢的-bravely勇敢地；quick迅速的-quickly迅速地；strong强壮的-strongly
强壮地；late晚的-lately晚地、最近；deep深的-deeply深深地； high高的-highly
高地； wide宽的-widely广泛地；freedom自由free自由的、免费-freely自由地；real真实的-really真实地； success（名）成功-succeed动）成功-successful成功
的-successfully成功地； wonder奇迹-wonderful美好的-wonderfully美好地
5、名词后+ful构成形容词：beauty美丽-beautiful美丽的-beautifully美丽地；
success成功-successful成功的-successfully成功地;care小心-careful小心的
-careless粗心的-carelessly粗心地；：use用途- useful有用的；thank感谢-thankful
感谢的；help帮助-helpful有帮助的 ；wonder奇迹-wonderful极好的； peace和
平-peaceful和平的；color颜色-colorful丰富的
6、这三个动词前加a变为形容词：live生活-alive活着的；sleep睡觉-asleep
睡着的-sleepy（形）困倦的；；wake醒来-awake醒着的
7、名词构成名词：science科学 –scientist科学家 -scientific科学的； art艺术-artist
艺术家； piano钢琴-pianist钢琴家 ；violin小提琴-violinist 小提琴家
music音乐-musician音乐家；friend朋友-friendship友谊-friendly友好的-unfriendly
不友好的 village村庄-villager村民； farm农场-farmer农民； law法律-lawyer
律师
8、表方位的名词+ern构成（表方位）形容词：north北方-northern北方的；south
南方-southern南方的；west西方-western西方的；east东方-eastern东方的
9、动词+ing(指物)/ed（指人）构成形容词：interest吸引兴趣-interested-interesting
感兴趣的； relax使放松-relaxed-relaxing放松的；bore使厌烦-bored-boring厌烦
的；excite使激动-excited-exciting激动的；amaze使惊异-amazed-amazing惊异的；surprise惊讶-surprised-surprising惊讶的；tire使劳累-tired-tiring劳累的;please使
高兴-pleased-pleasing高兴的-pleasant愉快的（修饰名词）- pleasure愉快（名）
10、名词（人体部位）+ache构成（某部位疼痛的）名词
stomach胃-stomachache胃痛； tooth牙-toothache牙痛； head头-headache头痛
11、名词+al构成形容词：tradition传统-traditional传统的； nation国家、民族
-national全国的、民族的；person人-personal私人的； educate教育（动词）-
education（名词）教育— educational有教育意义的
12、形容词去t+ce构成名词：different不同的-difference不同、差异；important
重要的-importance重要性-unimportant不重要的；,confident自信的-confidence自
信心
13、动词+ment构成形容词：achieve实现-achievement成绩、成就； disagree不
同意、分歧-disagreement分歧、意见不合；develop成长-development成长、发展
14、有两个词+able变成形容词：know知道-knowledge知识- knowledgeable知识
渊博的； enjoy喜爱-enjoyable令人愉快的；
15、其它：difficult（形）困难的-difficulty（名）困难；with有-without无、没有；danger（名）危险-dangerous危险的；new新有-news新闻； safe安全的-safety
（名）安全-safely安全地； love（动）爱-lovely可爱的-loving慈爱的；foreign
外国的-foreigner外国人； die（动）死-dead（形）死的-death（名）死； true
真实的-truth（名）真理 ； energy活力（名）-energetic有活力的；say说-saying
格言、谚语； pronoun发音-pronunciation发音、发音法; please使高兴-pleasure
乐意-pleasant愉快的；salt盐-salty咸的。
四、交际用语
别人夸奖你，要说“Thank you.谢谢。”
当同意别人的建议，邀请时，可用“of course=ok=all right=sure当然可以”回答或
用“Good idea=That’s a good idea=That sounds good.好主意”来回答。
当别人不能帮上你的忙时，应说“Thank you all the same.仍然要谢谢你”。
当你听到别人向你诉说不幸时，要说“(I’m)sorry to hear that.听到这我很难过”。
当别人对你说他要去度假、旅游等时，应说“Have a good time祝你玩得愉快或
Have a good trip祝你旅途愉快 ”。
当听到别人对你说他要参加考试，比赛等时，应说“Good luck.祝你好愿”。
当别人对你说他取好成绩，获得成功时，应说“Congratulations.祝贺你”。
当伤害到别人时，应说“Sorry.对不起”。
别人帮助你时，要说“Thanks/Thanks a lot/Thank you very much/Thank you for your
help/Thank you for helping me.”答为“You are welcome=That’s ok=That’s all right .
不用谢”。
要请别人帮忙时，应先说“Excuse me.打扰一下,再加Could you help me?”。答为
Yes, sure.译为“是的，可以”。
当别人对你说大家共同的某节日快乐时，应说“Thank you, the same to you.谢谢
你，你也同样。”当别人对你说生日快乐时，则回答为“Thank you.谢谢。”
当你去购物或去喝咖啡、冷饮时，店员说“May I help you?要我帮助你吗？”，则
回答为“Yes, please,后加想要的东西。”
五、非谓语动词
1．后面只跟不定式的动词有:
try、tell、ask、decide、want、would like想要、invite、encourage、allow、 teach、choose、agree、hope 、wish、learn 等。
即:want to+ do sth(想要做某事) want sb. to +do sth=would sb.like to do sth (想要
某人做某事)
try to do sth (试图做某事) tell sb. to do sth(告诉某人做某事) ask sb.to do sth (叫某人做某事) invite sb.to do sth (邀请某人做某事)
need+时间/金钱+to do sth需要…做某事 encourage sb.to do sth (鼓励某人
做某事)
allow to do sth(允许做某事) allow sb. to do sth(允许某人做某事) agree to do sth.(同意做某事) agree sb. to do sth.(同意某人做某事)
hope to do sth（希望做某事） wish to do sth（期望做某事）
teach sb. to do sth （教某人做某事） learn to do sth(学习做某事) choose to do sth(选择做某事)
★动词不定式的否定结构:在前面加not即not + to do sth
如:tell sb. not to do sth告诉某人不要做某事.
（1）Li lin invited his classmate _________(come) to his birthday party yesterday .
（2）Please tell him _________ ( not be) late again next time.
something to drink/eat一些喝/吃的东西（动词不定式作定语---放在修饰词之后）
动词不定式作宾语的补足语：I have a lot of homework to do.
动词不定式与疑问词连用作宾语：I don’t know how to do.
句型：(1) It take(有时态变化) sb +一段时间 +to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
(2) It is/was +形容词(for sb.)+to do sth.做某事对某人而言……如：It’s helpful for
me to learn English well.学好英对我是有用的。
(3) Sb’s job/work is/are to do sth.某人的工作是… My father’s work is to teach
studuents,.
(4) It’s time to do sth=It’s time for sth.该是……的时候了。
如：It’s time to go to bed.=It’s time for going to bed.该睡觉了。
(5) The best way to +do sth is/was to+V…做某事最好的方法是……
如：The best way to study English is to practice more.(学习英语最好的方法是多练习)
2、后面只跟动名词的动词有:enjoy, finish, keep, practice , consider等
即：enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事； finish doing sth结束做某事 ； keep (on) doing sth 坚持/继续做某事；go on doing sth继续做某事 ；practice doing sth 练习做某
事；consider doing sth 考虑做某事； stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事； feel like doing sth 想要做某事； spend time/money (in) doing sth花费（时间或金钱）做某事；spend time/money on sth花费（时间或金钱）在某事上
be busy doing sth忙于做某事； be worth doing sth值得做某事； be interested in doing sth对做某事感兴趣； be fascinated in doing sth 对做某事入迷；take pride in=be proud of doing sth对做某事感到自豪； be surprised at doing sth对做某事感到惊讶 ；be good at doing sth擅长做某事=do well in sth； be terrified of doing sth=be afraid to do sth.对做某事感到害怕； Thank you for doing sth 为做某事而感谢； How/What about doing sth 做某事怎么样 ？ have fun doing sth开开心心做某事; have trouble/experience in doing sth 对做某事有困难/经验; would you mind doing sth 你介意做某事吗;
3﹑既可跟动词不定式，也可跟动名词的动词有：
（1） stop to do sth (停下来去做某事) stop doing sth 停止做某事.
如:stop to rest停下来去休息 stop resting停止休息.
（2）forget to do sth忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记曾做过某事。
（3）remember to do sth(记得去做某事，事还没做)
remember doing sth（记得做过某事，事已做）
（4）need to do sth（主语是人）/need doing sth（主语是物） 都表示需要做某事。
（5)喜欢做某事：like doing sth或like to do sth；
讨厌做某事: hate doing sth/hate to do sth
（6）开始做某事:start doing sth 或start to do sth
4﹑后跟动词原形的动词有：助动词（(do/does/did/will/shall);情态动词（can/could/must/may/
might/should）以及使役动词（make/let）后，如：make /let sb do sth（让某人做某事），
5、只用动词原形的句子：Could/Will /Would you (please) do sth?请你（们）……好吗？Could/Will /Would you (please) not do sth? 请你（们）不……好吗？ had better do sth最好做某事 had better not do sth最好不做某事（had常与主语采用缩写形式如You had better=You ’d better） used to do sth过去常常做某事 used to be过去常常是……样子 提建议：Why not do sth =Why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？ Let’s do sth.让我们做某事吧！ Shall we do sth.？我们做某事好吗？ help sb do sth=help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事
六、重点词组
1、Be+形容词+介词 词组
1.be good at 擅长、在……方面做得好 2.be stressed out有压力的、紧张的
3.be able to 有能力做某事、会做某事 4.be interested in 对……感兴趣 5.be supposed to被期望或被要求做 6.be afraid to 害怕去做、不敢去做 7.be angry with 生……的气、对……感到气愤 8.be bad for对……有害 9.be in agreement 意见一致 10.be off 离开、走开 11.be terrified of 非常害怕的、极度恐惧的 12.be used for 用来做…… 13.be willing to 乐意（做某事） 14.be/get used to 习惯于……
2、形容词词组
1.a lot of = lots of大量、许多 2.a little bit 一点儿、少许 3.a piece of 一块、一片 4.a few有些、几个、数个 5.all kinds of 各种各样的 6.in common 公有的、共有的 7.in style时髦的、流行的 8.out of style 不时髦的、过时的
9.the same as与……同样的 10.in the way 挡道的 11.in this way 这样
12.plenty of 很多的、足够的 13.hundreds of 数以百计的、许多的 13.thousands of 数以千计的、许许多多的
3、副词词组
1.a lot 很、非常、常常 2.all over到处、遍及各处 3.at least 至少 4.at once =right away立刻、马上 5.at present目前、现在 6.at times有时、偶尔 7.at the moment 此刻、现在 8.at the same time同时 9.all the time一直 10.all year round一年到头、终年 11.around the world在世界各地 12.first of all=at first 首先 13.to start with 首先 14.later on 以后、随后 15.in the end最后、终于 16.in the future 未来、将来 17.by accident 偶然地、意外地 18.by mistake 错误地 19.by the time 到……时候、到……之前 20.quite a few 相当多、不少 21.some day来日、有朝一日 22.far away在远处 23.as…as possible尽可能 24.as soon as possible尽快地
4、介词词组
1.according to根据、按照、视……而定 2.as …as像……一样 3.as for 至于、关于4.at home 在家 5.at night在晚上、在夜里 6.by boat乘小船
7.by bus乘公车 8.by the way 顺便一提、附带说说 9.in front of 在……前面 10.across from在……对面11.next to 紧靠……的旁边、贴近 12.in good health 身体健康 13.in general通常、大体上、一般而 14. in fact 实际上、事实上 15.in time即时 16.on time准时 17.on sale 廉价出售 18.on the right 在右边 19.on vacation 在度假、在假期中 20.on boat 在船上 21.on the one hand 一方面 22.on the other hand 在另一方面 23.on the phone用电话交谈
24.on display 展览、陈列 25.to be honest老实说、说实在的 26.to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是
5、其它
1.Here you are给你 2.You’re welcome不客气 3.lost and found 失物招领
4.what time几点、什么时候 5.It’s time to…该是……的时候了 6.How
about …=what about ………怎么样 7.kind of有几分 8.no talking不许讲话
9.not …any more不再…… 10.because of因为、由于 11.how far 多远
12.how long 多长时间 13.how many 多少 14.how often 多久一次 15.more than 超过、超出 16.of course当然、自然 17.too …to …太……以致不能……
18.three quarters四分之三 19.What’s wrong=What’s the matter=What’s the problem/trouble怎么了 20.after all毕竟、终究、究竟 21.It doesn’t matter没关 22.(not) at all丝毫（也不）、一点（也不） 23.not at all一点也不 24.not …in the slightest一点也不、根本不 25.so far到目前为止 26.what if如果……将会怎样 27.suit (sb) fine 适合(某人)的意
Confidence makes me learn better
In our life, no matter what to do, confidence is one of the keys to success. If we are confidence enough, success will not be far away from us.
Three years ago, when I first learnt English, I felt it was too difficult to learn. I couldn’t understand what my teacher said. I was so worried that I didn’t want to learn English. Knowing this, my English teacher had a long talk with me. I still remember his words. “Believe in yourself. If you keep trying, you can do everything well.” His words really encouraged me and I studied harder than before, my English was getting better and better.
In a word, confidence makes me learn better.
My Middle School Life
Hello! Everyone, I’m glad that I will finish middle school in July..
Now let me tell you something about my middle schoollife.At school, I study hard and I am good at math and English .After school ,I often play sports and do some reading in the school library with my classmates . I get on well with them. Our teachers teach us well. They often help me when I am in trouble. They are like our friends and parents .We love them.
I want to be a teacher like our teachers and help more and more students to study better and live happily in the future.
Thank you, my parents!
I have a happy family. My father and mother love me very much.
About one year ago, it was nearly 11:00 in the evening. I still played computer games with my friends. I heard my father asking the computer room assistant about me. I ran away from the computer room. Unluckily, I broke my leg. My parents sent me to the hospital without saying a word at once. From then on, my father took me to school with his bike every morning whenever is was cold、rainy、or hot. At noon, my mother sent delicious lunch to our classroom. I was deeply moved by my parents’ behavior and realized that I was wrong.
Now I study very hard. My parents help me with their love. I should say to my parents. “Thank you, my parents! Thank for your love. I’ll never be a naughty (顽皮的)boy.