名词的单复数，可数与不可数名词，名词的所有格
知识点1. 名词的单复数
名词：表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。
可数名词与不可数名词.
单数前面可加a,an 来修饰： a bag一个包
可数名词：可以计数的名词 名词 复数可数名词
不可数名词：不可计数没有复数形式, 前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词.
但可以跟某些量词短语搭配, 表示数量, 如: a glass of water, two cups of tea.
A. 可数名词
1. 单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，指单个的可数物体。要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a 或an 。（an 用于元音开头的单词） eg ：a book/ tree an apple/ egg
2. 复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体。名词复数的规则变化。
① 在一般情况下，词尾后加-s 。 books ，cups ，beds ，boys ，horses
②. 以s ，x ，sh ，ch 结尾的词，词尾加-es ，读|iz| buses ，boxes ，dishes 碟子，watches
③ 以f 或fe 结尾的词，先将f 或fe 变成v ，再加-es ，读|vz| half—halves ，knife —knives 小刀 wife ④ 以o 结尾的词 tomatoes ，potatoes
zoos ，radios ，vedios
photo---photos; piano---pianos
⑤ 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，先将y 改为i 再加-es 。 cities ，families ，babies
3 名词复数的不规则变化。man —men ，tooth —teeth 牙齿，child —children ，sheep —sheep 绵羊，deer---deer 小鹿 foot----feet 脚 Chinese – Chinese Japanese – Japanese
4 有些名词只有复数形式 clothes ，trousers 裤子，glasses ，socks , shorts , pants , shoes 通常是以复数的形式出现。 *另外，当我要表达一双袜子，一条裤子等时，要说成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts
5. 一些代词和其他词复数的不规则变化。
① I --- we ② you – you ③ he, she, it -- they ④me---us ⑤him/her/it---them ⑥ this --- these
⑦ that – those ⑧ my – our ⑨ her, his, its – their ⑩ am/ is – are a/ an – some
6. 句子单数变复数，注意以下六要素：
⑪主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即I→we，you→you，she ，he ，it→ they。如：
She is a girl. →They are girls.
⑫am ，is 要变为are 。如：I’m a student. →We are students.
⑬不定冠词a ，an 要去掉。如：He is a boy. →They are boys.
⑭普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. →They are apples.
⑮指示代词this ，that 要变为these ，those 。如：This is a box. →These are boxes.
⑯man ，woman 名词作定语修饰可数名词时，要在―数‖上与被修饰名词保持一致。但其他名词修饰名词表示―性质‖时，不作变化。She is a woman doctor. →The y are women doctors.That is a pencil case. →Those are pencil cases.
B. 不可数名词
1. 没有复数形式, 前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词. 但可以跟某些量词短语搭配, 表示数量,
如: a glass of water一杯水 （不能说a water） a cup of tea.一杯茶 a piece of paper一张纸 a piece of bread一片面包 A bottle of milk一瓶牛奶
2. 不可数名词跟量词搭配时，变复数只变量词： two glasses of water many cups of tea twenty pieces of paper 注：可数名词也可以和量词搭配,of 后的可数名词要用复数形式： a box of apples一箱苹果
a pair of shoes 一双鞋
当量词的数量超过一时，也变复数： Six boxes of apples 8 pairs of shoes
专项练习一 一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. It’s not ____ alarm clock. (a) 2. Let ____ play tennis. (I) 3. Where ___ Tom’s parents?(be)
4. Many ________.(sheep) 5. I see your _________. They are fine.(grandparent)
6. Your ____ are my pen _____.(朋友) 7. His _________ are very cute.(女儿) 8. The two _____ are good. (家庭)
9. _____ answers are right.(they) 10. Her sister and his brother aren’t my _______ (表兄妹)
四．单数句变复数句，复数句变单数句
1．It is a bus._______________________________________
2．This is my sister._________________________________
3．He is his friend .__________________________________
4．That is her dictionary.______________________________
5．Those are boxes._______________________________
6．They are teachers.________________________________
7．These are desks .________________________________
8．We are boys. _____________________________
9.I have a tooth, foot and hand.____________________________________
知识点2. 冠词与名词的搭配（略）
知识点3. 名词的所有格
名词所有格形式：表示有生命的名词与后面名词的所有关系。分为：
(1)名词＋’s所有格见下表：
⑫of 所有格：动物和无生命的名词所有格一般使用介词of 短语来表示。如：
the name of her cat她的猫的名字 a picture of our school 一张我们学校的照片
有时有生命的东西也可用of 所有格，可与名词＋’s所有格替换。如：
the name of the boy=the boy’s name这个男孩的名字
专项练习三
1. ____________________(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.
2. This is __________________________________(我妹妹的语文书)
3. ______________________________(我的姐姐和弟弟的卧室) are very nice.
4. ___________________________(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.
5. Is this ___________________________________(你的好朋友的钢笔) ?
6. They are ___________________________________(Peter 和Sam 的老师).
7. ___________________(教师节) is on September 10th .
8. ________________________________(学生们的桌椅) are very new.
11. Please open ____________________(教室的门).
12. ________________(赵敏的鞋) are white.
14. ________________________________(John和Sally 的母亲) are American.
15. _____________________________(刘伟的妻子的朋友) is from Guangzhou.
16. ______________________________(Tony哥哥的电脑) is broken.
17. It’s ____________________________(妇女节) on March 8th.
18. Are these ______________________________________(男生们的书包) ?
20. _________________________________(我父亲的和她父亲的朋友) are from Beijing.
21.___ shirt is white. A. My brother B. My brothers C. My brother’s D. My brothers’
22. Today is September 10th . It is ____ Day. A. Teachers B. Teachers’ C. the Teachers’ D. Teacher’s
23. Today is September 10th. It's _______ Day. A. Teacher B. Teacher's C. Teachers' D. Teacher'
24. It's June 1st, it's _______ Day. A. Childrens B. Children's C. Childrens'
25. This year, _______ is on May 9th.
A.My mother's birthday B. My mothers' birthday C. My mothers birthday D. My mothers's birthday
26. This is ___ . A. Mike and Jim's bike B. Mike's and Jim bike C. Mike's and Jim's bike D.Mike and Jim bike
巩固练习
一．按要求写出相应的词
1．this （反义词）________ 2．these （反义词）________3．it （复数形式）________ 4．that （复数形式）________
5．photo （复数形式）________6．picture （复数形式）________7．cousin （复数形式）________
8．friend （复数形式）________ 9．son （对应词）________ 10．sister （对应词）________
二、将下面的词变成复数
D. Childrens's
1.this friend ________________2. brother ___________3.grandparent ___________4.this is ___________
5.that key ___________ 6. . this boy ___________ 7. that girl __________8 . sister___________
三. 选择填空
1. My____ is a teacher. A. parents B. grandparents C. parent D. father’s
2. This is my good _______. A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers
3. My ____ are all teachers. A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother
4. The red T- shirt is eight __________ . A. dollar B. pound C. dollars D. cent
5. -- Where ___ your new pants? -- ___ on the bed. A. is, It’s B. are, They’re C. is, They’re D. are, It’s
6. These shirts __ only 5 dollars. Do you want ____? A. are, it B. is, them C. are, them D. is, it
7.How much ______ these carrots? A. are B. is C. do D. does
8.Three____ are eating grass．A ． sheep B sheeps 9．Water___ a kind of matter．A ． is B． are
10．Her clothes___ nearly worn out．A ．is B.are 11．There__no water in the glass．A.are B.is
12.I want to buy买____. A. kilo （公斤）of meat B. a kilo of meats C. two kilos of meats D. two kilos of meat
13.There is lots of _____ in the cup. . A. milks B. waters C .meats D.orange
四．按要求改写句子，每空一词：
1.That is her sister.(变为复数句)________ _______her________.
2.These are my friends.(变为单数句)_______ ________my___________.
3．指出并改正句中的一处错误。How much is the socks? ________
How much are that pants? ________ These shoes are twenty-three dollar. ______
五、用括号内词的适当形式填空：
1．There are two________ over there．（watch ） 2．I like taking ________．（photo ）
3．l can see a _________and two _______ standing there．（man ，woman ）
4．There are two baskets of_______ on the floor．（apple ） 6．Look at those________．（child ）
7．This is a_______． Those are three_______．（knife ）
8．He doesn't like these_____．（glass ） 9．Thirty __________live in this building．（family ）．
六、翻译
1． 每天早上他吃鸡蛋、面包和蔬菜。
2. 一个鸡蛋和两杯牛奶 3. 一条短裤
4. 36双鞋子 5. 8个班
6. 我的爸爸是一个老师，Lucy 的妈妈是我爸爸的朋友。
7. 杯子里有许多牛奶。
名词的单复数，可数与不可数名词，名词的所有格
知识点1. 名词的单复数
名词：表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。
可数名词与不可数名词.
单数前面可加a,an 来修饰： a bag一个包
可数名词：可以计数的名词 名词 复数可数名词
不可数名词：不可计数没有复数形式, 前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词.
但可以跟某些量词短语搭配, 表示数量, 如: a glass of water, two cups of tea.
A. 可数名词
1. 单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，指单个的可数物体。要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a 或an 。（an 用于元音开头的单词） eg ：a book/ tree an apple/ egg
2. 复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体。名词复数的规则变化。
① 在一般情况下，词尾后加-s 。 books ，cups ，beds ，boys ，horses
②. 以s ，x ，sh ，ch 结尾的词，词尾加-es ，读|iz| buses ，boxes ，dishes 碟子，watches
③ 以f 或fe 结尾的词，先将f 或fe 变成v ，再加-es ，读|vz| half—halves ，knife —knives 小刀 wife ④ 以o 结尾的词 tomatoes ，potatoes
zoos ，radios ，vedios
photo---photos; piano---pianos
⑤ 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，先将y 改为i 再加-es 。 cities ，families ，babies
3 名词复数的不规则变化。man —men ，tooth —teeth 牙齿，child —children ，sheep —sheep 绵羊，deer---deer 小鹿 foot----feet 脚 Chinese – Chinese Japanese – Japanese
4 有些名词只有复数形式 clothes ，trousers 裤子，glasses ，socks , shorts , pants , shoes 通常是以复数的形式出现。 *另外，当我要表达一双袜子，一条裤子等时，要说成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts
5. 一些代词和其他词复数的不规则变化。
① I --- we ② you – you ③ he, she, it -- they ④me---us ⑤him/her/it---them ⑥ this --- these
⑦ that – those ⑧ my – our ⑨ her, his, its – their ⑩ am/ is – are a/ an – some
6. 句子单数变复数，注意以下六要素：
⑪主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即I→we，you→you，she ，he ，it→ they。如：
She is a girl. →They are girls.
⑫am ，is 要变为are 。如：I’m a student. →We are students.
⑬不定冠词a ，an 要去掉。如：He is a boy. →They are boys.
⑭普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple. →They are apples.
⑮指示代词this ，that 要变为these ，those 。如：This is a box. →These are boxes.
⑯man ，woman 名词作定语修饰可数名词时，要在―数‖上与被修饰名词保持一致。但其他名词修饰名词表示―性质‖时，不作变化。She is a woman doctor. →The y are women doctors.That is a pencil case. →Those are pencil cases.
B. 不可数名词
1. 没有复数形式, 前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词. 但可以跟某些量词短语搭配, 表示数量,
如: a glass of water一杯水 （不能说a water） a cup of tea.一杯茶 a piece of paper一张纸 a piece of bread一片面包 A bottle of milk一瓶牛奶
2. 不可数名词跟量词搭配时，变复数只变量词： two glasses of water many cups of tea twenty pieces of paper 注：可数名词也可以和量词搭配,of 后的可数名词要用复数形式： a box of apples一箱苹果
a pair of shoes 一双鞋
当量词的数量超过一时，也变复数： Six boxes of apples 8 pairs of shoes
专项练习一 一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. It’s not ____ alarm clock. (a) 2. Let ____ play tennis. (I) 3. Where ___ Tom’s parents?(be)
4. Many ________.(sheep) 5. I see your _________. They are fine.(grandparent)
6. Your ____ are my pen _____.(朋友) 7. His _________ are very cute.(女儿) 8. The two _____ are good. (家庭)
9. _____ answers are right.(they) 10. Her sister and his brother aren’t my _______ (表兄妹)
四．单数句变复数句，复数句变单数句
1．It is a bus._______________________________________
2．This is my sister._________________________________
3．He is his friend .__________________________________
4．That is her dictionary.______________________________
5．Those are boxes._______________________________
6．They are teachers.________________________________
7．These are desks .________________________________
8．We are boys. _____________________________
9.I have a tooth, foot and hand.____________________________________
知识点2. 冠词与名词的搭配（略）
知识点3. 名词的所有格
名词所有格形式：表示有生命的名词与后面名词的所有关系。分为：
(1)名词＋’s所有格见下表：
⑫of 所有格：动物和无生命的名词所有格一般使用介词of 短语来表示。如：
the name of her cat她的猫的名字 a picture of our school 一张我们学校的照片
有时有生命的东西也可用of 所有格，可与名词＋’s所有格替换。如：
the name of the boy=the boy’s name这个男孩的名字
专项练习三
1. ____________________(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.
2. This is __________________________________(我妹妹的语文书)
3. ______________________________(我的姐姐和弟弟的卧室) are very nice.
4. ___________________________(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.
5. Is this ___________________________________(你的好朋友的钢笔) ?
6. They are ___________________________________(Peter 和Sam 的老师).
7. ___________________(教师节) is on September 10th .
8. ________________________________(学生们的桌椅) are very new.
11. Please open ____________________(教室的门).
12. ________________(赵敏的鞋) are white.
14. ________________________________(John和Sally 的母亲) are American.
15. _____________________________(刘伟的妻子的朋友) is from Guangzhou.
16. ______________________________(Tony哥哥的电脑) is broken.
17. It’s ____________________________(妇女节) on March 8th.
18. Are these ______________________________________(男生们的书包) ?
20. _________________________________(我父亲的和她父亲的朋友) are from Beijing.
21.___ shirt is white. A. My brother B. My brothers C. My brother’s D. My brothers’
22. Today is September 10th . It is ____ Day. A. Teachers B. Teachers’ C. the Teachers’ D. Teacher’s
23. Today is September 10th. It's _______ Day. A. Teacher B. Teacher's C. Teachers' D. Teacher'
24. It's June 1st, it's _______ Day. A. Childrens B. Children's C. Childrens'
25. This year, _______ is on May 9th.
A.My mother's birthday B. My mothers' birthday C. My mothers birthday D. My mothers's birthday
26. This is ___ . A. Mike and Jim's bike B. Mike's and Jim bike C. Mike's and Jim's bike D.Mike and Jim bike
巩固练习
一．按要求写出相应的词
1．this （反义词）________ 2．these （反义词）________3．it （复数形式）________ 4．that （复数形式）________
5．photo （复数形式）________6．picture （复数形式）________7．cousin （复数形式）________
8．friend （复数形式）________ 9．son （对应词）________ 10．sister （对应词）________
二、将下面的词变成复数
D. Childrens's
1.this friend ________________2. brother ___________3.grandparent ___________4.this is ___________
5.that key ___________ 6. . this boy ___________ 7. that girl __________8 . sister___________
三. 选择填空
1. My____ is a teacher. A. parents B. grandparents C. parent D. father’s
2. This is my good _______. A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers
3. My ____ are all teachers. A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother
4. The red T- shirt is eight __________ . A. dollar B. pound C. dollars D. cent
5. -- Where ___ your new pants? -- ___ on the bed. A. is, It’s B. are, They’re C. is, They’re D. are, It’s
6. These shirts __ only 5 dollars. Do you want ____? A. are, it B. is, them C. are, them D. is, it
7.How much ______ these carrots? A. are B. is C. do D. does
8.Three____ are eating grass．A ． sheep B sheeps 9．Water___ a kind of matter．A ． is B． are
10．Her clothes___ nearly worn out．A ．is B.are 11．There__no water in the glass．A.are B.is
12.I want to buy买____. A. kilo （公斤）of meat B. a kilo of meats C. two kilos of meats D. two kilos of meat
13.There is lots of _____ in the cup. . A. milks B. waters C .meats D.orange
四．按要求改写句子，每空一词：
1.That is her sister.(变为复数句)________ _______her________.
2.These are my friends.(变为单数句)_______ ________my___________.
3．指出并改正句中的一处错误。How much is the socks? ________
How much are that pants? ________ These shoes are twenty-three dollar. ______
五、用括号内词的适当形式填空：
1．There are two________ over there．（watch ） 2．I like taking ________．（photo ）
3．l can see a _________and two _______ standing there．（man ，woman ）
4．There are two baskets of_______ on the floor．（apple ） 6．Look at those________．（child ）
7．This is a_______． Those are three_______．（knife ）
8．He doesn't like these_____．（glass ） 9．Thirty __________live in this building．（family ）．
六、翻译
1． 每天早上他吃鸡蛋、面包和蔬菜。
2. 一个鸡蛋和两杯牛奶 3. 一条短裤
4. 36双鞋子 5. 8个班
6. 我的爸爸是一个老师，Lucy 的妈妈是我爸爸的朋友。
7. 杯子里有许多牛奶。