专项：情态动词
一 考点： 情态动词的用法和辨析，情态动词表示推测和可能，由情态动词引导
的一般疑问句的回答。
二 类型：1 只是情态动词：can, could, may, might, must
2 可做情态动词，可做实义动词：need, dare
3 可做情态动词，可做助动词： will, would, shall, should 4 特殊：have to, ought to, used to
三 特征：1 有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词和系动词连用
构成谓语。
2 无人称和数的变化。（have to 除外）
Eg: He has to stay here.
3 后接动词原形。
4 具有助动词作用，可构成否定，疑问或简短回答。
四 用法：
1. can ① 表示能力，“能，会”。Eg : Can you play basketball?
② 表示怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。
Eg :Li hua can’t be in the classroom.
③ 表示请求，允许，多用于口语，译“可以”= may.
Eg: you can go now.
④can 开头的疑问句，肯定句，否定句用can或 can’t.
2.could ①can 的过去式，表示过去的能力。
Eg :I could swim when I was seven years old.
②could 开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could, couldn’t如果could 表示现在的委婉，用can 回答。
Eg: Could I have a drink? Yes, you can.
3.may ① 表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。
Eg: He may come tomorrow.
② 表示请求，“许可,可以”。Eg: May I borrow your book?
注：表示请求，许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回
答用mustn’t“不可以，禁止，不许”,不用may not“可能不”。
③表示祝愿。Eg :May you success.
4.might ①表示“可以”，用于过去时中。
Eg: He told me I might smoke in the room.
②用于现在时，表示说话更委婉，礼貌。
Eg:He might be doing his lessons now.
5.must ①表示“必须，应该”。
②表示推测，常用在肯定句中，表“一定”。
Eg:There is someone knocking at the door.It must be Jim.
③否定句中，mustn’t 表示禁止，“不允许”。
④以must 开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn’t , 表示“不需要，不必”=“don’t have to”.
⑤表示“偏偏”。Eg: Must you play the piano at this time.
6.need ①情态动词：+do,用need 提问或回答，肯定句回答用must ,否定句回答
用needn’t. Eg: You needn’t come to school so early.
②实义动词：+to do ,用助动词提问和否定。
③+doing 表示被动。
④needn’t have done 表示没必要做某事但是做了。
Eg: I actually needn’t have bought so much wine.
7.dare ①情态动词，多用于疑问句，否定句，条件句中。
Eg: I’m afraid you dare not to do such a thing.
注：I dare say 习惯说成“也许，我想”。
Eg: It will rain this afternoon, I dare say.
②实义动词：dare to do ,用于肯定句中，当用于否定句或疑问句时，to 可以省略。Eg: This student doesn’t dare to raise any question in class.
8.shall ①用于第一人称表示征求意见，询问。
Eg: Shall I open the window?
Shall we have lunch here?
②表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。
Eg: You shall finish your homework first.
③用于第三人称，在条约，规定，法令等文件中表示义务或规定，“应该，必须”。（不常用）
9.should ①表示义务，责任“应该”。Eg:We should obey traffic laws.
②作为shall 过去式，用于第一三人称，表示征求意见。Eg:Mr lee
asked if he should get his visa.
③表示“竟然”。
Eg: It’s unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.
④表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇，愤怒，失望等。
Eg: How should I know?
⑤表示劝告，建议，“应该”。
Eg: You should listen to your teacher.
10.will ①用于第二人称表示询问，请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。Eg: Will you
pass me the book?
②表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。
Eg: I will try my best to help you.
③表示规律性的“注定会”。
Eg: People will die without air or water.
11.would ①表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。
Eg: Would you tell me the way to the station?
12.have to ①“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化。
Eg: I’ll have to ask Jim instead.
②区别：must 表示“必须，应该“，主观看法。
13.ought to ①表示职责，义务或要求，及人们应该去做的正确的事或好事。Eg:
Humans ought to stop polluting nature.
②比should 语气强，ought to 反映客观情况，should表示主观看
法。
③ought to have done 本应该做而没有做。
Eg: You are late. You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier.
14.used to ①表示“过去常常，过去是“，没有人称和数的变化，可以和过去的
时间状语连用。否定形式：usedn’t to 或didn’t use to ,疑问词将
use提前或Did…use to …?
Eg: He didn’t use to be so careless.
②区别 would :带有主观性，并且现在做不做不知道。Used to :客观
性，和现在进行对比，过去常常，现在就不怎么做了。
Eg: He would phone me on Sunday.
Eg: I used to be very fond of music when I was young.
③区别：be used to doing （情态动词）习惯于…
Used to do （情态动词）过去是，过去常常…
Be used to do (过去式) 被用来做…
Eg: I am already used to noisy city life here.
My parents used to live in South America.
This machine is used to cut up waste paper.
15.其他：⑴had better do 最好做某事 Eg: You had better stay at home. 否定：had better not do
⑵be able to 与can 表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有
能力成功做某事。
Eg: We will be able to come back next week.
专题练习：
1( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. may B. can C. has to D. must
( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to
( ) 3 -May I take this book out?
-No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren’t
( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.
A. can B. must C. dare D. would
( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?
-No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
2( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think.
-No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn’t
( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?
-Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn’t difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need
( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to
( ) 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do
3( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must
( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to
( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once?
-No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not
4( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.
A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to
( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't
( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 5( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't
( ) 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be
( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.
A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted
( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.
A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not
6( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?
A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try
( ) 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us?
-Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may
( ) 3 -___ I take the newspaper away?
-No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.
A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 7( ) 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup?
A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must
( ) 2 ___ you like to have another try?
A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do
( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us?
-Yes, ___.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do
8( ) 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to
( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he?
A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't
( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first?
-No, you___. You may have a rest first.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't
专项：情态动词
一 考点： 情态动词的用法和辨析，情态动词表示推测和可能，由情态动词引导
的一般疑问句的回答。
二 类型：1 只是情态动词：can, could, may, might, must
2 可做情态动词，可做实义动词：need, dare
3 可做情态动词，可做助动词： will, would, shall, should 4 特殊：have to, ought to, used to
三 特征：1 有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词和系动词连用
构成谓语。
2 无人称和数的变化。（have to 除外）
Eg: He has to stay here.
3 后接动词原形。
4 具有助动词作用，可构成否定，疑问或简短回答。
四 用法：
1. can ① 表示能力，“能，会”。Eg : Can you play basketball?
② 表示怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。
Eg :Li hua can’t be in the classroom.
③ 表示请求，允许，多用于口语，译“可以”= may.
Eg: you can go now.
④can 开头的疑问句，肯定句，否定句用can或 can’t.
2.could ①can 的过去式，表示过去的能力。
Eg :I could swim when I was seven years old.
②could 开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could, couldn’t如果could 表示现在的委婉，用can 回答。
Eg: Could I have a drink? Yes, you can.
3.may ① 表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。
Eg: He may come tomorrow.
② 表示请求，“许可,可以”。Eg: May I borrow your book?
注：表示请求，许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回
答用mustn’t“不可以，禁止，不许”,不用may not“可能不”。
③表示祝愿。Eg :May you success.
4.might ①表示“可以”，用于过去时中。
Eg: He told me I might smoke in the room.
②用于现在时，表示说话更委婉，礼貌。
Eg:He might be doing his lessons now.
5.must ①表示“必须，应该”。
②表示推测，常用在肯定句中，表“一定”。
Eg:There is someone knocking at the door.It must be Jim.
③否定句中，mustn’t 表示禁止，“不允许”。
④以must 开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn’t , 表示“不需要，不必”=“don’t have to”.
⑤表示“偏偏”。Eg: Must you play the piano at this time.
6.need ①情态动词：+do,用need 提问或回答，肯定句回答用must ,否定句回答
用needn’t. Eg: You needn’t come to school so early.
②实义动词：+to do ,用助动词提问和否定。
③+doing 表示被动。
④needn’t have done 表示没必要做某事但是做了。
Eg: I actually needn’t have bought so much wine.
7.dare ①情态动词，多用于疑问句，否定句，条件句中。
Eg: I’m afraid you dare not to do such a thing.
注：I dare say 习惯说成“也许，我想”。
Eg: It will rain this afternoon, I dare say.
②实义动词：dare to do ,用于肯定句中，当用于否定句或疑问句时，to 可以省略。Eg: This student doesn’t dare to raise any question in class.
8.shall ①用于第一人称表示征求意见，询问。
Eg: Shall I open the window?
Shall we have lunch here?
②表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。
Eg: You shall finish your homework first.
③用于第三人称，在条约，规定，法令等文件中表示义务或规定，“应该，必须”。（不常用）
9.should ①表示义务，责任“应该”。Eg:We should obey traffic laws.
②作为shall 过去式，用于第一三人称，表示征求意见。Eg:Mr lee
asked if he should get his visa.
③表示“竟然”。
Eg: It’s unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.
④表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇，愤怒，失望等。
Eg: How should I know?
⑤表示劝告，建议，“应该”。
Eg: You should listen to your teacher.
10.will ①用于第二人称表示询问，请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。Eg: Will you
pass me the book?
②表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。
Eg: I will try my best to help you.
③表示规律性的“注定会”。
Eg: People will die without air or water.
11.would ①表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。
Eg: Would you tell me the way to the station?
12.have to ①“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化。
Eg: I’ll have to ask Jim instead.
②区别：must 表示“必须，应该“，主观看法。
13.ought to ①表示职责，义务或要求，及人们应该去做的正确的事或好事。Eg:
Humans ought to stop polluting nature.
②比should 语气强，ought to 反映客观情况，should表示主观看
法。
③ought to have done 本应该做而没有做。
Eg: You are late. You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier.
14.used to ①表示“过去常常，过去是“，没有人称和数的变化，可以和过去的
时间状语连用。否定形式：usedn’t to 或didn’t use to ,疑问词将
use提前或Did…use to …?
Eg: He didn’t use to be so careless.
②区别 would :带有主观性，并且现在做不做不知道。Used to :客观
性，和现在进行对比，过去常常，现在就不怎么做了。
Eg: He would phone me on Sunday.
Eg: I used to be very fond of music when I was young.
③区别：be used to doing （情态动词）习惯于…
Used to do （情态动词）过去是，过去常常…
Be used to do (过去式) 被用来做…
Eg: I am already used to noisy city life here.
My parents used to live in South America.
This machine is used to cut up waste paper.
15.其他：⑴had better do 最好做某事 Eg: You had better stay at home. 否定：had better not do
⑵be able to 与can 表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有
能力成功做某事。
Eg: We will be able to come back next week.
专题练习：
1( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. may B. can C. has to D. must
( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to
( ) 3 -May I take this book out?
-No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren’t
( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.
A. can B. must C. dare D. would
( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?
-No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
2( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think.
-No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.
A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn’t
( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?
-Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn’t difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need
( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to
( ) 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do
3( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must
( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to
( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once?
-No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not
4( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.
A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to
( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't
( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 5( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't
( ) 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be
( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.
A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted
( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.
A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not
6( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?
A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try
( ) 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us?
-Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may
( ) 3 -___ I take the newspaper away?
-No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.
A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 7( ) 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup?
A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must
( ) 2 ___ you like to have another try?
A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do
( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us?
-Yes, ___.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do
8( ) 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to
( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he?
A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't
( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first?
-No, you___. You may have a rest first.
A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't