考试要求
1.通过阅读获取信息、处理信息
2.提取相关细节信息进行适当概括、判断和推理
典题精讲
模块一：失分分析
1.解题思路不明确，失误多。
2.缺乏准确捕捉所需信息的能力，捕捉信息题失分。
3.由于阅读材料较长（一般在500词以上），表格所需信息较多（多达10个空），所以如
果不能灵活地使用阅读方法来处理材料及表格，就会浪费大量时间却没有较好的效果。
细读
4.缺乏信息转换能力，导致组织信息题失分。
模块二：解题步骤
1.首先浏览试题，找出问题的关键词。
2.在简略回答问题时一定要注意答案与问题保持一致。
回答“目的”时，一般用不定式或完整的句子（sb wanted to...） 回答“why...?”问句，表示原因时一般用Because或Because of等。
回答“How...?”问句，表“方法、手段”时，一般用By doing等；表“观点、看法或情感、情绪”时，一般用形容词等。
回答“what...?”问句，表“事件，物品”时，一般用名词、动名词、主语从句、动词（做什么）等。 回答“when\where...?”时，一般用表示时间或地点的短语或从句。
3.保证答案准确规范。任务型阅读理解不但考查学生阅读理解的能力，还考查学生写的能力，所谓读写结合。所以在写的过程中就应特别注意书写规范：单词的首字母是否应大写，单词拼写无误，单词的词形、词性，句子的语法准确，时态语态正确，固定搭配等等。在翻译句子时尤其要慎重，结合语境，反复斟酌，努力做到万无一失。
模块三：解题技巧
（一）信息处理原则：“加”-“减”-“变”
1.“加”：在处理信息时需要补充一些词汇才能把意思表达清楚。
2.“减”：在处理信息时要能够找到句子的主干部分、找准关键信息，去掉那些修饰部分或变换一种更为简练的表达。
3.“变”：在回答问题时要对信息句作出适当的变化（包括人称、数和时态）。
（二）压缩信息法
1.采用缩写，减少词数，如：
could not=couldn’t will not=won’t they will=they’ll it is/has= it’s
2.用单词替代短语。
3.将从句压缩成单词或短语。
4.句型转换法：要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。
模块四：真题赏析
(山东卷) 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后
的字数要求）。
[1]One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together.
Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.
[2]Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.
[3]During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their
children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents [4]However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. ____________________ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.
山东题
1. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them.
_________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________
4. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words)
_________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
______________________________________________________________
【文章大意】本文讲述了家庭聚餐的重要性。
1.【错解】Eating together
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能抓住文章的主要信息，导致对文章主题概念分析过宽。
【正解】Families benefit from eating together/Having dinner together is beneficial to families.
2.【错解】For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addition.
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能抓住文章的主要信息，导致替代错误。
【正解】：Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships.
3.【错解】Don’t eat together.
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能联系文章上下文内容，导致信息寻找错误，答案不能准确表达其含义。
【正解】No family dinner can benefit./Family dinner may not benefit.
4.【错解】the events of the day, discuss news
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能抓住文章的主要信息,对文章信息理解有错。
【正解】their children’s school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life.
5.【错解】他们也有更好的机会减少可能性孩子沾染烟、酒和毒品。
【错因分析】对句子结构理解不准确，组织答案时硬照字面意思翻译，不符合英语表达习惯。
【正解】父母也有更好的机会来减少孩子沾染烟、酒和毒品的可能性。
课堂检测 2010年山东省济宁市高三第一次摸拟考试
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后字数要求)。
[1] I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang,
interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day. But I became in visible, absent from the conversation.
[2] The telephone used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent. Recently I was in a car with three friends. The driver told us to be quiet because he could not hear the person on the other end of his cell phone. There we were, four friends going down the highway, unable to talk to one another because of a tool designed to make communication easier.
[3]Why is it that the more connected we get, ________________________ ?
Every advance in communications technology is a hurt to the closeness of human interaction (互动). With e-mail and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone. Or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn’t really have time to talk. The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier.
[5] So I've put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging with
people who live near me, no cell-phoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I' m home.
76. What does the author say about communications technology according to the first two paragraphs? (within 15 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
77. Which sentences in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
However, I felt left out as if we were not conducting the conversation.
_______________________________________________________________________________
78. Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (within 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
79. Does the author restrict his own activity to improving the situation? (within 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
80. Translate the underlined sentences in Paragraph 4 into Chinese.
76. The cell phone gets in the way of face to face
communication./Communications technology is interfering with human contact. / It does harm to the closeness of human interaction. / It is a hurt to the closeness of
human interaction.
77. But I became invisible, absent from the conversation.
78. the more disconnected I feel/ the lonelier we feel/ the farther away we seem to
be/the more left out we feel
79. Yes. For example, he doesn’t contact people living near him with instant
messaging. / Yes. For example, he doesn’t use his cellphone in the presence of friends. / Yes. He doesn’t let the voice mail pick up when he is at home.
80. 我发现自己越来越频繁地借用电子邮件回避面对面交谈。/ 越来越多地，我发现本应该用对话交流来解决的事情，自己却用不用露面的电子邮件来做。/ 本该通过对话交流来解决的事情，我却发现自己越来越多地通过不用当面交谈的电
子邮件来做。
（2014四川卷） Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.
1. 【答案】with改为about
【试题解析】固定搭配talk about something谈论关于某事。
2. 【答案】go改为goes
【试题解析】本句的主语a fire alarm为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式goes。
3. 【答案】wait后加for
【试题解析】此处wait为不及物动词，后接宾语时需加上介词for，构成wait for…等待…。
4. 【答案】classmate改为classmates
【试题解析】此处表达同班同学应为复数形式，因为同伴同学应该有多人，而不会只是一个。
5. 【答案】trying改为try
【试题解析】此处为祈使句，因为连词and连接的是两个同样性质的内容，前面是一个祈使句Don't panic or get out of line，后面也应该是一个祈使句。故使用try，而不是trying。
6. 【答案】calm改为calmly
【试题解析】此句remain为系动词，后接形容词作表语构成系表结构。
7. 【答案】a改为the
【试题解析】当文章中第二次提到前面的某一名词时，需使用the表示特指。
8. 【答案】us改为you
【试题解析】根据句子的主语your teacher可知你的老师会带你们回教室。
9. 【答案】去掉when
【试题解析】根据句意，如果你注意到有人失踪或受伤……，可知此处是that引导的宾语从
句表陈述，故when多余。
10. 【答案】and改为or
【试题解析】根据句意“有人不见或者受伤”可知Or表示的是选择的关系。
（2014大纲卷）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分l0分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误.在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√):如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。 此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个肠字符号(A)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。 此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
All of us need friendship. The understanding 76.______________
between two friends mean both of them have similar 77.______________
ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78.______________
impossible for him to help each other and to make 79.______________
their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80.______________
“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.______________
should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82.______________
wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83.______________
The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84.______________
one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85.______________
76. √
77. 【答案】means
【试题解析】本句的主语是the understanding…，这是单个的动名词定语，做主语的时候，谓语动词要使用单数形式。故使用means。
78. 【答案】 trust
【试题解析】本句是一个并列结构，动词trust与前面的have…是并列结构，由and连接。句义：这就意味着他们两个都要有相似的观点并相互信任。
79. 【答案】them
【试题解析】前面几句都提到的是they，指的是多个朋友。所以应该使用them指代前面的they在句中作为for的宾语。句义：否则，对他们来说相互帮助并让友谊长久是不可能的。
80. 【答案】去掉to
【试题解析】本句是一个固定结构make sb/sth do sth让sb/sth做…；本句表示：让他们的友谊持续长久的时间。
81. 【答案】real
【试题解析】应该使用形容词real做定语修饰后面的名词froendship，really是一个副词，在句中通常做状语。
82. 【答案】should后面加be
【试题解析】固定搭配be able to do sth 能够做某事；句义：真正的友谊应该能承担起各种考验。
83. 【答案】as
【试题解析】实际上本句是一个定语从句，先行词是good friends，因为前面有as many修饰，所以关系代词使用as，指代先行词，并在句中作为have的宾语。句义：交到尽可能多的朋友是很明智的。
84. 【答案】 from
【试题解析】固定搭配learn from sb向某人学习。句义：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东西就越多。
85. 【答案】and 【试题解析】考察句子结构。句义：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东西就越多，并且我们分享的快乐就越多。根据句义可知上下文之间是并列关系，故使用and连接上下文。
考试要求
1.通过阅读获取信息、处理信息
2.提取相关细节信息进行适当概括、判断和推理
典题精讲
模块一：失分分析
1.解题思路不明确，失误多。
2.缺乏准确捕捉所需信息的能力，捕捉信息题失分。
3.由于阅读材料较长（一般在500词以上），表格所需信息较多（多达10个空），所以如
果不能灵活地使用阅读方法来处理材料及表格，就会浪费大量时间却没有较好的效果。
细读
4.缺乏信息转换能力，导致组织信息题失分。
模块二：解题步骤
1.首先浏览试题，找出问题的关键词。
2.在简略回答问题时一定要注意答案与问题保持一致。
回答“目的”时，一般用不定式或完整的句子（sb wanted to...） 回答“why...?”问句，表示原因时一般用Because或Because of等。
回答“How...?”问句，表“方法、手段”时，一般用By doing等；表“观点、看法或情感、情绪”时，一般用形容词等。
回答“what...?”问句，表“事件，物品”时，一般用名词、动名词、主语从句、动词（做什么）等。 回答“when\where...?”时，一般用表示时间或地点的短语或从句。
3.保证答案准确规范。任务型阅读理解不但考查学生阅读理解的能力，还考查学生写的能力，所谓读写结合。所以在写的过程中就应特别注意书写规范：单词的首字母是否应大写，单词拼写无误，单词的词形、词性，句子的语法准确，时态语态正确，固定搭配等等。在翻译句子时尤其要慎重，结合语境，反复斟酌，努力做到万无一失。
模块三：解题技巧
（一）信息处理原则：“加”-“减”-“变”
1.“加”：在处理信息时需要补充一些词汇才能把意思表达清楚。
2.“减”：在处理信息时要能够找到句子的主干部分、找准关键信息，去掉那些修饰部分或变换一种更为简练的表达。
3.“变”：在回答问题时要对信息句作出适当的变化（包括人称、数和时态）。
（二）压缩信息法
1.采用缩写，减少词数，如：
could not=couldn’t will not=won’t they will=they’ll it is/has= it’s
2.用单词替代短语。
3.将从句压缩成单词或短语。
4.句型转换法：要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。
模块四：真题赏析
(山东卷) 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后
的字数要求）。
[1]One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together.
Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.
[2]Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.
[3]During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their
children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents [4]However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. ____________________ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.
山东题
1. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them.
_________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________
4. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words)
_________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
______________________________________________________________
【文章大意】本文讲述了家庭聚餐的重要性。
1.【错解】Eating together
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能抓住文章的主要信息，导致对文章主题概念分析过宽。
【正解】Families benefit from eating together/Having dinner together is beneficial to families.
2.【错解】For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addition.
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能抓住文章的主要信息，导致替代错误。
【正解】：Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships.
3.【错解】Don’t eat together.
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能联系文章上下文内容，导致信息寻找错误，答案不能准确表达其含义。
【正解】No family dinner can benefit./Family dinner may not benefit.
4.【错解】the events of the day, discuss news
【错因分析】阅读方法不正确，不能抓住文章的主要信息,对文章信息理解有错。
【正解】their children’s school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life.
5.【错解】他们也有更好的机会减少可能性孩子沾染烟、酒和毒品。
【错因分析】对句子结构理解不准确，组织答案时硬照字面意思翻译，不符合英语表达习惯。
【正解】父母也有更好的机会来减少孩子沾染烟、酒和毒品的可能性。
课堂检测 2010年山东省济宁市高三第一次摸拟考试
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后字数要求)。
[1] I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang,
interrupting our conversation. There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny day. But I became in visible, absent from the conversation.
[2] The telephone used to connect you to the absent. Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent. Recently I was in a car with three friends. The driver told us to be quiet because he could not hear the person on the other end of his cell phone. There we were, four friends going down the highway, unable to talk to one another because of a tool designed to make communication easier.
[3]Why is it that the more connected we get, ________________________ ?
Every advance in communications technology is a hurt to the closeness of human interaction (互动). With e-mail and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another. With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone. Or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn’t really have time to talk. The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier.
[5] So I've put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging with
people who live near me, no cell-phoning in the presence of friends, no letting the voice mail pick up when I' m home.
76. What does the author say about communications technology according to the first two paragraphs? (within 15 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
77. Which sentences in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
However, I felt left out as if we were not conducting the conversation.
_______________________________________________________________________________
78. Fill in the blanks in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (within 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
79. Does the author restrict his own activity to improving the situation? (within 15 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
80. Translate the underlined sentences in Paragraph 4 into Chinese.
76. The cell phone gets in the way of face to face
communication./Communications technology is interfering with human contact. / It does harm to the closeness of human interaction. / It is a hurt to the closeness of
human interaction.
77. But I became invisible, absent from the conversation.
78. the more disconnected I feel/ the lonelier we feel/ the farther away we seem to
be/the more left out we feel
79. Yes. For example, he doesn’t contact people living near him with instant
messaging. / Yes. For example, he doesn’t use his cellphone in the presence of friends. / Yes. He doesn’t let the voice mail pick up when he is at home.
80. 我发现自己越来越频繁地借用电子邮件回避面对面交谈。/ 越来越多地，我发现本应该用对话交流来解决的事情，自己却用不用露面的电子邮件来做。/ 本该通过对话交流来解决的事情，我却发现自己越来越多地通过不用当面交谈的电
子邮件来做。
（2014四川卷） Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.
1. 【答案】with改为about
【试题解析】固定搭配talk about something谈论关于某事。
2. 【答案】go改为goes
【试题解析】本句的主语a fire alarm为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式goes。
3. 【答案】wait后加for
【试题解析】此处wait为不及物动词，后接宾语时需加上介词for，构成wait for…等待…。
4. 【答案】classmate改为classmates
【试题解析】此处表达同班同学应为复数形式，因为同伴同学应该有多人，而不会只是一个。
5. 【答案】trying改为try
【试题解析】此处为祈使句，因为连词and连接的是两个同样性质的内容，前面是一个祈使句Don't panic or get out of line，后面也应该是一个祈使句。故使用try，而不是trying。
6. 【答案】calm改为calmly
【试题解析】此句remain为系动词，后接形容词作表语构成系表结构。
7. 【答案】a改为the
【试题解析】当文章中第二次提到前面的某一名词时，需使用the表示特指。
8. 【答案】us改为you
【试题解析】根据句子的主语your teacher可知你的老师会带你们回教室。
9. 【答案】去掉when
【试题解析】根据句意，如果你注意到有人失踪或受伤……，可知此处是that引导的宾语从
句表陈述，故when多余。
10. 【答案】and改为or
【试题解析】根据句意“有人不见或者受伤”可知Or表示的是选择的关系。
（2014大纲卷）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分l0分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误.在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√):如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。 此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个肠字符号(A)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。 此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
All of us need friendship. The understanding 76.______________
between two friends mean both of them have similar 77.______________
ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78.______________
impossible for him to help each other and to make 79.______________
their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80.______________
“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.______________
should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82.______________
wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83.______________
The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84.______________
one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85.______________
76. √
77. 【答案】means
【试题解析】本句的主语是the understanding…，这是单个的动名词定语，做主语的时候，谓语动词要使用单数形式。故使用means。
78. 【答案】 trust
【试题解析】本句是一个并列结构，动词trust与前面的have…是并列结构，由and连接。句义：这就意味着他们两个都要有相似的观点并相互信任。
79. 【答案】them
【试题解析】前面几句都提到的是they，指的是多个朋友。所以应该使用them指代前面的they在句中作为for的宾语。句义：否则，对他们来说相互帮助并让友谊长久是不可能的。
80. 【答案】去掉to
【试题解析】本句是一个固定结构make sb/sth do sth让sb/sth做…；本句表示：让他们的友谊持续长久的时间。
81. 【答案】real
【试题解析】应该使用形容词real做定语修饰后面的名词froendship，really是一个副词，在句中通常做状语。
82. 【答案】should后面加be
【试题解析】固定搭配be able to do sth 能够做某事；句义：真正的友谊应该能承担起各种考验。
83. 【答案】as
【试题解析】实际上本句是一个定语从句，先行词是good friends，因为前面有as many修饰，所以关系代词使用as，指代先行词，并在句中作为have的宾语。句义：交到尽可能多的朋友是很明智的。
84. 【答案】 from
【试题解析】固定搭配learn from sb向某人学习。句义：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东西就越多。
85. 【答案】and 【试题解析】考察句子结构。句义：我们的朋友越多，我们相互之间学到的东西就越多，并且我们分享的快乐就越多。根据句义可知上下文之间是并列关系，故使用and连接上下文。