一般过去时
一、【一般过去时的概念】 一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式。
二、常和表示过去的【时间状语】连用,如yesterday昨天、last + 时间:last night昨晚、last week上周、last year去年,the day before yesterday前天 , this morning , 时间 + ago(a few days ago), just now刚才 , a moment ago , in + 过去的时间(in 2014 ), at that time当时,in the old days在过去的岁月里 before以前,at the ages of ten(过去的年龄段)等。
三、一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构)
1.Be动词的一般过去时 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were
肯定句式:S主语 + be(was , were) + „„.
Eg:I was a teacher.
否定句式:S主语 + be(was , were) + not + „„.
Eg:I was not/was’t a teacher.
一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + S主语 + „„?
Were you a teacher? Was she a teacher?
Yes , I was. No, I was not.
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他?
Eg:What were you do?
What was your former name? 你以前叫什么名字?
Why was he late for school last Monday? 上星期一他为什么迟到?
注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。
2. 实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.
肯定句式:主语 + 动词(过去式)+ 其它 S +V-ed +„„ Eg: I got up at six this morning.
否定句式:主语 + didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它 【did not = didn’t】
Eg: I didn’t get up at six this morning.
一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?
Eg: Did you get up at six this morning?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does过去式+主语+动词原形+其他? When did you get up this morning?
注:1. did和didn’t 是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
2. 实意动词do的一般过去时
I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子)
I did my homework yesterday.
I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)
Did you do your homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)
3. 情态动词的一般过去时态 含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。
注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would(所有人称),should-should have to-had to。 肯定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + 其它
Eg:I could swim when I was 7 years old.
I had to do my homework yeasterday.
否定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它.
一般疑问句:情态动词 + 主语 + 其它?
特殊疑问句式:
特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他?
What could she do twenty years ago? 20年前她能做什么?
四、随堂练习
按要求变换句型。
1. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句)
_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?
2. He cleaned his room just now.. (划线提问)
What________ he _______just now?
3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句)
Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book.
4. My family went to the beach last week. (划线提问) ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?
5、I could get you a concert ticket.(改成否定句和一般疑问句并作肯定否定回答)
6、I did my homework yesterday.(改成否定句)
五、规则动词的过去式
1.一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed。 look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d。 live→lived use→used taste-tasted
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed。 study→studied try→tried fly→flied
4.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned stop-stopped prefer→preferred
5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。 如:am(is)-was, are-were(是), become _became (成为) go-went(走), (买) buy --bought, sell--sold(卖)come-came(来), take-took(拿), have (has)-had(有), begin(开始)--began, bring(拿来)--brought, can(能)--could, catch(捉住)--caught, cut(砍,割)--cut, do/does(做,干)--did, draw(画画,拉)--drew, drink(喝)--drank, drive(驾驶)--drove, eat(吃)--ate, fall(跌倒,落下)--fell, feel
(感觉)--felt, fly(飞)--flew, get(获得)--got, give(给)---gave, grow(生长)--grew, keep(保持)--kept, know(知道,认识)--knew, learn(学习)--learnt, leave (离开)--left, let(让)--let, lie(躺,平放)--lay, make(使得,做)--made, may(可以)--might, must(必须)--must, read(读)--read, ride (骑)--rode, ring (鸣铃)--rang, run(跑)--ran, say 说)--said, see (看见)--saw, sell (卖)--sold, send(送)--sent, set (放)--set, sing(唱歌)--sang, sit (坐)--sat, sleep (睡觉)--slept, speak(说话)--spoke, spend (花费)--spent, stand (站立)--stood, swim (游泳)--swam, teach(教)--taught, tell (告诉)--told, think(认为)--thought, throw(投掷)--threw, understand(懂得)--understood, wear(穿)--wore, will(将要)--would, win(获胜)--won, (弯曲) bend --bent, blow --blew(吹),选择 choose chose ,
六、一般过去时的基本用法
① 表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。 She looked very well when I last saw her.
②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
这种用法常用always,usually,often,sometimes,never等时间状语。 I always got up late, and never had enough time for breakfast.
我总是起床很晚,从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。
③叙述过去连续发生的一件件事 (具有先后顺序的几个动作)
Tom was late .He opened the door quietly , moved in and walked carefully to his seat.
汤姆迟到了。他悄悄打开门进去,小心翼翼地走到自己的座位上。 She got up early, fetched water, cleaned the room and then went out for a walk. 她早早起床,提水,打扫房间然后出去散步。 ④追述逝去的人或事。
Lei Feng set a good example to all the people.
⑤在时间、条件等状语从句中代替过去将来时。
She sai she would come if she was free that day.
七、随堂练习
一般过去时练习题,请用正确动词形式填空
1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.
3. We (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls (dance) at the party last night.
9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week.
10. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
一般过去时
一、【一般过去时的概念】 一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式。
二、常和表示过去的【时间状语】连用,如yesterday昨天、last + 时间:last night昨晚、last week上周、last year去年,the day before yesterday前天 , this morning , 时间 + ago(a few days ago), just now刚才 , a moment ago , in + 过去的时间(in 2014 ), at that time当时,in the old days在过去的岁月里 before以前,at the ages of ten(过去的年龄段)等。
三、一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构)
1.Be动词的一般过去时 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were
肯定句式:S主语 + be(was , were) + „„.
Eg:I was a teacher.
否定句式:S主语 + be(was , were) + not + „„.
Eg:I was not/was’t a teacher.
一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + S主语 + „„?
Were you a teacher? Was she a teacher?
Yes , I was. No, I was not.
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他?
Eg:What were you do?
What was your former name? 你以前叫什么名字?
Why was he late for school last Monday? 上星期一他为什么迟到?
注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。
2. 实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.
肯定句式:主语 + 动词(过去式)+ 其它 S +V-ed +„„ Eg: I got up at six this morning.
否定句式:主语 + didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它 【did not = didn’t】
Eg: I didn’t get up at six this morning.
一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?
Eg: Did you get up at six this morning?
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does过去式+主语+动词原形+其他? When did you get up this morning?
注:1. did和didn’t 是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
2. 实意动词do的一般过去时
I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子)
I did my homework yesterday.
I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)
Did you do your homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)
3. 情态动词的一般过去时态 含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。
注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would(所有人称),should-should have to-had to。 肯定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + 其它
Eg:I could swim when I was 7 years old.
I had to do my homework yeasterday.
否定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它.
一般疑问句:情态动词 + 主语 + 其它?
特殊疑问句式:
特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他?
What could she do twenty years ago? 20年前她能做什么?
四、随堂练习
按要求变换句型。
1. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句)
_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?
2. He cleaned his room just now.. (划线提问)
What________ he _______just now?
3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句)
Thomas _______ _______ RMB 10 on this book.
4. My family went to the beach last week. (划线提问) ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?
5、I could get you a concert ticket.(改成否定句和一般疑问句并作肯定否定回答)
6、I did my homework yesterday.(改成否定句)
五、规则动词的过去式
1.一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed。 look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d。 live→lived use→used taste-tasted
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed。 study→studied try→tried fly→flied
4.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned stop-stopped prefer→preferred
5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。 如:am(is)-was, are-were(是), become _became (成为) go-went(走), (买) buy --bought, sell--sold(卖)come-came(来), take-took(拿), have (has)-had(有), begin(开始)--began, bring(拿来)--brought, can(能)--could, catch(捉住)--caught, cut(砍,割)--cut, do/does(做,干)--did, draw(画画,拉)--drew, drink(喝)--drank, drive(驾驶)--drove, eat(吃)--ate, fall(跌倒,落下)--fell, feel
(感觉)--felt, fly(飞)--flew, get(获得)--got, give(给)---gave, grow(生长)--grew, keep(保持)--kept, know(知道,认识)--knew, learn(学习)--learnt, leave (离开)--left, let(让)--let, lie(躺,平放)--lay, make(使得,做)--made, may(可以)--might, must(必须)--must, read(读)--read, ride (骑)--rode, ring (鸣铃)--rang, run(跑)--ran, say 说)--said, see (看见)--saw, sell (卖)--sold, send(送)--sent, set (放)--set, sing(唱歌)--sang, sit (坐)--sat, sleep (睡觉)--slept, speak(说话)--spoke, spend (花费)--spent, stand (站立)--stood, swim (游泳)--swam, teach(教)--taught, tell (告诉)--told, think(认为)--thought, throw(投掷)--threw, understand(懂得)--understood, wear(穿)--wore, will(将要)--would, win(获胜)--won, (弯曲) bend --bent, blow --blew(吹),选择 choose chose ,
六、一般过去时的基本用法
① 表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了。 She looked very well when I last saw her.
②表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
这种用法常用always,usually,often,sometimes,never等时间状语。 I always got up late, and never had enough time for breakfast.
我总是起床很晚,从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。
③叙述过去连续发生的一件件事 (具有先后顺序的几个动作)
Tom was late .He opened the door quietly , moved in and walked carefully to his seat.
汤姆迟到了。他悄悄打开门进去,小心翼翼地走到自己的座位上。 She got up early, fetched water, cleaned the room and then went out for a walk. 她早早起床,提水,打扫房间然后出去散步。 ④追述逝去的人或事。
Lei Feng set a good example to all the people.
⑤在时间、条件等状语从句中代替过去将来时。
She sai she would come if she was free that day.
七、随堂练习
一般过去时练习题,请用正确动词形式填空
1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.
3. We (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls (dance) at the party last night.
9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week.
10. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?