小学英语语法必考内容
首府在线 2015-08-02 10:49
代词
一、人称代词
1,人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化见下表:
(主格主要用来做句子的主语;宾格主要用作宾语。)
人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。
人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen isbad.I can’t write with it.这支钢笔不好,我没法 用它写字。 2. 人称代词的排列顺序:
1) 单数代词:you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I
2) 复数代词:we and they ; weand you ; you and they; we, you and they 3) 第三人称单数代词:he and she
*人称代词排序口诀:人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见;单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三; 麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见;两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。
(名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词) 例,Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣? It’s hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat
*关于物主代词的口诀: 物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有“的” 后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误,my your his her its our their 不放过。 形容词性是基础,除了我的 “mine”外,其他词尾“s”性 形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力强,常来独去又独往。 三、指示代词
This (这个)------- these (这些) 指近处的事物
That (那个)------- these (那些) 指远处的事物 例:This is a book. 这是本书。 Theseare some books. 这些是书。 That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。 Thoseare some cars. 那些是小汽车. 代词练习题:
一、根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Mary is afriend of ______________. ( I )
2.This is ________ ( she ) ruler. ________ ( I ) is in the bag. 3. Herbrother is too young to look after _________ ( he ) 4. This is_________ ( I ) book. This book is _________ ( I ). 5.These pens are _________ ( we ).
二、改写下列句子。 (例如:This is my book. ------ The book is mine. ) 1. That is her ruler. _________________________________ 2. These are their footballs.__________________________________ 3. This is my backpack .____________________________________ 4. Those are your boxes.____________________________________
三、把下列句子改写成复数。
1. This is a butterfly.____________________________________________ 2. That is a bus.________________________________________________ 3. It is a mouse.________________________________________________ 一、帮下面的好朋友团圆 (连线) I 她的 Its 我们 Her 他 We 我 He 它的 介词 一、 概述
介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。
二、 常用介词的基本用法
at
①表示时间: I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。 ②表示在某一具体地点: He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。
③表示动作的方向、目标: Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。
④用于某些固定搭配: at once 立刻、马上 at last 最后 at the same time 同时 at first 开始时 not at all 一点也不 about
①表示大约时间: I's about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。 ②表示地点;在……周围: Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。
③关于,对于: We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。 after
①在……之后: After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。
②在……后面: He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。
behind
①在……之后: There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车 ②比……晚,迟于: The train is behind time. 火车晚点了 by
①在……旁: He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。 ②到……时候: We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。
③以……方式: I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。
④用于某些固定搭配: one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句 for
①为,给,替: I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。 ②由于: Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。
③表示给(某人)用的: There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。 in
①在……里面: The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。
②在一段时间里: We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。
③用,以: What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说? ④在某一年份,季节,月份: in 2002, in spring, in January ⑤表示状态,服饰: Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。 ⑥在……方面: He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。 ⑦用于某些固定搭配: in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后 in time 及时 like
①像……样: He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。 ②这样,那样: Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。 ③怎样: What's the weather like? 天气怎样。 near
靠近,在……附近: My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 of
①的(表示所属关系): This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。
②……的(用于所有格): He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。 ③表示数量(与连词连用): One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京
④想到,谈到: I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。 ⑤用于某些固定搭配: of course 当然 because of 因为,由于 on
①在……上面: There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。 ②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上):
They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。 I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。 ③用于某些固定搭配: on duty 值日 on time 准时 over
①在……正上方: There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。
②遍及,穿过: There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。 ③超过,不止: She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。 to
①到,往,向: He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。
②表示时间、数量,到……为止 Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.
③向,对,给: Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。 under
What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么? with
①和,写: Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗? ②表示伴随状态,带有: Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁? 巩固练习: 一,填空:
1.I put my books _ _my bag.(放进书包里)
2.There are some apples _ _the table?(在苹果树上)
3.Look!who is the girl _ _the tree?(在树下)
4.There is a road _ _the bank and the school.(在…的中间)
5.Our school is _ _the tall building.(在…的前面)
6.The shop is __ _the market.(靠近)
7.The man______ blue is Jack’s father.(穿着)
8.Look, Nancy is sitting_________her father and mother.(旁边)
9.My little brother always has a lot_________questions。(固定搭配:很多)
***************
课后作业:(介词与代词专项训练)
一.选择
( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _________.
A. him B. he C. his D. she
( ) 2. _____ book is it ? It’s ________.
A. Whose…her B. Whose… hers C. Who…hers D.Whom… her
( ) 3. He is a friend of ________.
A. our B. us C. my D. mine
二.改错。
1.This is mine lamp.___________________________________________
2.These are
oursbooks.____________________________________________
3. That are their
teacher.___________________________________________
4.The house is my brother. ________________________
5. He has visited many country. ______________________
6. They are Chineses. ______________________________
7. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________
三.用正确的介词填空。
1.We’re very happy_______school.(在学校里)
2. Keep__________the grass,please.
3. Jim is in Row 4.I sit_______him(在…的后面)
4.Let’s hurry, we’re late_______the class.(固定搭配:迟到)
5.Liu Tao is passing the ball________David.(传给)
6. Who’s the woman ________the red scarf?(穿着)
7.Our classroom is__________the teachers’office.(在…的前面)
小学英语语法必考内容
首府在线 2015-08-02 10:49
代词
一、人称代词
1,人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化见下表:
(主格主要用来做句子的主语;宾格主要用作宾语。)
人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。
人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen isbad.I can’t write with it.这支钢笔不好,我没法 用它写字。 2. 人称代词的排列顺序:
1) 单数代词:you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I
2) 复数代词:we and they ; weand you ; you and they; we, you and they 3) 第三人称单数代词:he and she
*人称代词排序口诀:人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见;单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三; 麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见;两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。
(名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词) 例,Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣? It’s hers. 是她的。 hers= her coat
*关于物主代词的口诀: 物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有“的” 后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误,my your his her its our their 不放过。 形容词性是基础,除了我的 “mine”外,其他词尾“s”性 形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力强,常来独去又独往。 三、指示代词
This (这个)------- these (这些) 指近处的事物
That (那个)------- these (那些) 指远处的事物 例:This is a book. 这是本书。 Theseare some books. 这些是书。 That is a car. 那是辆小汽车。 Thoseare some cars. 那些是小汽车. 代词练习题:
一、根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Mary is afriend of ______________. ( I )
2.This is ________ ( she ) ruler. ________ ( I ) is in the bag. 3. Herbrother is too young to look after _________ ( he ) 4. This is_________ ( I ) book. This book is _________ ( I ). 5.These pens are _________ ( we ).
二、改写下列句子。 (例如:This is my book. ------ The book is mine. ) 1. That is her ruler. _________________________________ 2. These are their footballs.__________________________________ 3. This is my backpack .____________________________________ 4. Those are your boxes.____________________________________
三、把下列句子改写成复数。
1. This is a butterfly.____________________________________________ 2. That is a bus.________________________________________________ 3. It is a mouse.________________________________________________ 一、帮下面的好朋友团圆 (连线) I 她的 Its 我们 Her 他 We 我 He 它的 介词 一、 概述
介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。
二、 常用介词的基本用法
at
①表示时间: I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。 ②表示在某一具体地点: He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。
③表示动作的方向、目标: Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。
④用于某些固定搭配: at once 立刻、马上 at last 最后 at the same time 同时 at first 开始时 not at all 一点也不 about
①表示大约时间: I's about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。 ②表示地点;在……周围: Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。
③关于,对于: We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。 after
①在……之后: After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。
②在……后面: He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。
behind
①在……之后: There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车 ②比……晚,迟于: The train is behind time. 火车晚点了 by
①在……旁: He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。 ②到……时候: We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。
③以……方式: I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。
④用于某些固定搭配: one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句 for
①为,给,替: I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。 ②由于: Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。
③表示给(某人)用的: There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。 in
①在……里面: The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。
②在一段时间里: We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。
③用,以: What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说? ④在某一年份,季节,月份: in 2002, in spring, in January ⑤表示状态,服饰: Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。 ⑥在……方面: He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。 ⑦用于某些固定搭配: in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后 in time 及时 like
①像……样: He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。 ②这样,那样: Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。 ③怎样: What's the weather like? 天气怎样。 near
靠近,在……附近: My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 of
①的(表示所属关系): This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。
②……的(用于所有格): He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。 ③表示数量(与连词连用): One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京
④想到,谈到: I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。 ⑤用于某些固定搭配: of course 当然 because of 因为,由于 on
①在……上面: There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。 ②在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上):
They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。 I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。 ③用于某些固定搭配: on duty 值日 on time 准时 over
①在……正上方: There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。
②遍及,穿过: There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。 ③超过,不止: She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。 to
①到,往,向: He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。
②表示时间、数量,到……为止 Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.
③向,对,给: Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。 under
What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么? with
①和,写: Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗? ②表示伴随状态,带有: Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁? 巩固练习: 一,填空:
1.I put my books _ _my bag.(放进书包里)
2.There are some apples _ _the table?(在苹果树上)
3.Look!who is the girl _ _the tree?(在树下)
4.There is a road _ _the bank and the school.(在…的中间)
5.Our school is _ _the tall building.(在…的前面)
6.The shop is __ _the market.(靠近)
7.The man______ blue is Jack’s father.(穿着)
8.Look, Nancy is sitting_________her father and mother.(旁边)
9.My little brother always has a lot_________questions。(固定搭配:很多)
***************
课后作业:(介词与代词专项训练)
一.选择
( ) 1.Your book is not so old as _________.
A. him B. he C. his D. she
( ) 2. _____ book is it ? It’s ________.
A. Whose…her B. Whose… hers C. Who…hers D.Whom… her
( ) 3. He is a friend of ________.
A. our B. us C. my D. mine
二.改错。
1.This is mine lamp.___________________________________________
2.These are
oursbooks.____________________________________________
3. That are their
teacher.___________________________________________
4.The house is my brother. ________________________
5. He has visited many country. ______________________
6. They are Chineses. ______________________________
7. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________
三.用正确的介词填空。
1.We’re very happy_______school.(在学校里)
2. Keep__________the grass,please.
3. Jim is in Row 4.I sit_______him(在…的后面)
4.Let’s hurry, we’re late_______the class.(固定搭配:迟到)
5.Liu Tao is passing the ball________David.(传给)
6. Who’s the woman ________the red scarf?(穿着)
7.Our classroom is__________the teachers’office.(在…的前面)