Period Six
副词
依据《大纲》中的要求，要掌握副词在句中的用法以及副词的比较级等，同时要掌握同义形容词和副词在用法上的区别。
一、副词的定义及用法 1. 副词的定义
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或全句。表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念，在句中主要作状语。 2. 副词的用法
副词主要用作状语，除此之外，还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等。eg: She walked quietly into his bedroom. 她悄悄地走进她的卧室。（作状语） Luckily, he found his wallet. 很幸运，他找到了他的钱包。（作状语） The people here are all very kind to me. 这儿的人都对我很好。（作定语） She saw Mary out. 他看见玛丽出去了。（作宾语补足语） 二、副词的分类
1. 多数副词作状语时，放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，一般放在宾语的后面。 eg: She studies very hard. 她学习很努力。 Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。
2. 频率副词作状语时，应放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词或be 动词之后。eg:
Li Lei usually comes to school early. 李雷通常来学校很早。 He is never late for school. 他从来没有迟到过。
We should often learn from each other. 我们应该经常互相学习。
3. 程度副词一般位于所修饰词之前，但enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时，应放在所修饰词的后面。eg: It ’s very kind of you! 你真好！
Our music teacher dances well enough. 我们音乐老师跳舞跳得十分好。 4. 修饰全句的副词一般位于句首，若不表示强调也可放在句中或句末。eg: Finally, she got back home. 她终于回到了家。
She, unfortunately, failed the English exam. 不幸的是她的英语考试不及格。 5. only, even, perhaps 用法灵活，常放在与它关系最密切的词前。 They speak only French. 他们说的只是法语。 They can only speak French. 他们只会说法语。
6. 当一个句子中同时出现两个时间副词时，一般情况下表示具体的时间副词或小的/短的时间放在前面，笼统的时间状语放在后面。eg:
I get up at seven every morning. 我每天早上七点起床。
7. 当一个句子中既有时间副词也有地点副词时，通常地点副词在前，时间副词在后。eg: They are going there tomorrow. 他们打算明天去那儿。 四、副词的比较等级
The girl writes most carefully of the five. 那女孩是五个人当中写得最仔细的。 2. 常见近义副词的区别 (1) ago, before
①ago 是以现在为起点，即从现在算起，指“距今若干年时间以前”。不能单独使用，应用ten days (years, weeks,
hours „) ago, 并且通常与过去时态连用。eg:
He was in Shanghai ten years ago. 10年前他在上海。
②“若干时间+before”指过去某一时刻算起的时间以前，通常与过去完成时态连用。eg: She said she had been to the jungle ten days before. 她说她10天前去过灌木丛林了。 单独使用，是泛指以前，常与完成时态连用。如：
He asked me if I had been there before. 他问我以前是否去过那儿。
如果before 后接其他词，如before eight o’clock, before dinner等，此时的before 是介词，而不是副词。 eg: I watched TV before eight o’clock last night. 昨天晚上8点前我看电视了。 (2) too, also, either
三个词都表示“也”的意思。区别如下：
①too 一般用于肯定句，通常放在句尾。too 也可在宾格代词后作为一种简略回答，如：Me, too. eg:
Jack is American, Kate is American, too. 杰克是美国人，凯特也是美国人。 ②also 正式用语，通常放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。eg: They are also workers. 他们也是工人。
I also like the different sayings. 我也喜欢不同的说法。 ③either 用于否定句，放在句尾。 eg:
She doesn’t study well. I don’t study well, either. 她学得不太好，我学得也不太好。 (3) so, too
两个词都可以表示“非常”。使用so 的几个句型： ①not so+形容词或副词+as； ②so+形容词+as to do sth.；
③ so+形容词或副词+that从句；
④so+形容词+a (n)+单数名词+that从句； 使用too 的几个句型：
① too+形容词或副词+to do sth.：意为“太„„以致于不能做某事（表示否定）”； ② too+ anxious(焦急)/ eager (热切)+ to do sth.： 意为“很„„（不含否定意义）”。 (4) so, neither, nor
三个词都能表示后者和前者情况相似。so 用于肯定句，句型：so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语；neither 和
nor 用于否定句，句型：neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语。该句型中的时态或情态动词要与前一句时态或情态动词相一致，助动词和系动词与前一句相对应。eg: —I can swim. 我会游泳。 —So do I. 我也会。
—I have never been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。 —Neither/nor I. 我也是。 五、巩固练习
1. is it from our school to E’huang Bridge?
—About half an hour’s bus trip. Shall we go and visit it?
A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much (2005. 黄冈) 2. Lin Tao is good at all the subjects at school,
A. really B. mostly C. especially D. exactly (2005. 盐城) 3. —I’d like to take a trip to China during my spring holiday. Can you give me any ideas about to go? —I can tell you about the places I’ve visited.
A. when B. where C. how D. why (2005. 黄冈) 4. —do you like Chinese food? —V ery much.
A. What B. Why C. How D. For what (2005. 徐州) 5. Will you please drive
A. quick B. faster C. slowly D. more slowly (2005. 长春) 6. Jane’s leg was painful that he couldn’t move at all.
A. too B. so C. very (2005. 四川) 7. It’s seven o’clock in the afternoon, but they are having a meeting.
A. already B. still C. yet D. ever (2005. 海南) 8. Last weekend many people went to the concert, young people.
A. hardly B. probably C. mostly D. really (2005. 辽宁大连) 9. Miss Zhao is very helpful. She often helps us we are in trouble.
A. whether B. although C. whenever D. however (2005. 辽宁大连) 10 We study English very .
A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. most carefully (2005. 贵州)
11. I was feeling tired last night, so I got up than usual.
A. early B. earlier C. late D. later (2004. 山东) 12. Our holiday seemed too short. Time passed .
A. quick B. quickly C. slow D. slowly (2004. 佛山)
A. quicker; cheaper B. more quickly; cheap C. quicker; cheap D. more quickly; cheaper (2004. 镇江市) 14. —What do you think of the football match?
—Wonderful! The Chinese football team has never played
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst (2004. 河南) 15. She always finishes her homework on time. She leaves it for tomorrow.
A. always B. never C. usually D. sometimes 16. Though the book is worth reading, he fell asleep because he was tired.
A. very, quite B. well, very C. rather, fast D. well, fast 17. She uses her car for driving to work.
A. most B. the most C. almost D. mostly 18. Wang Ping does in physics of all the subjects.
A. badly B. most badly C. worse D. worst 19. If you don’t want to go swimming, I won’t, .
A. too B. also C. either D. neither 20. Look! The boy isn’t working so as that girl.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
(2004. 河南) (2004. 贵州) (2004. 呼和浩特) (2004. 西宁) (2004. 黑龙江) (2004. 青海)
Period Six
副词
依据《大纲》中的要求，要掌握副词在句中的用法以及副词的比较级等，同时要掌握同义形容词和副词在用法上的区别。
一、副词的定义及用法 1. 副词的定义
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或全句。表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念，在句中主要作状语。 2. 副词的用法
副词主要用作状语，除此之外，还可以作表语、定语、宾语补足语等。eg: She walked quietly into his bedroom. 她悄悄地走进她的卧室。（作状语） Luckily, he found his wallet. 很幸运，他找到了他的钱包。（作状语） The people here are all very kind to me. 这儿的人都对我很好。（作定语） She saw Mary out. 他看见玛丽出去了。（作宾语补足语） 二、副词的分类
1. 多数副词作状语时，放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，一般放在宾语的后面。 eg: She studies very hard. 她学习很努力。 Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。
2. 频率副词作状语时，应放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词或be 动词之后。eg:
Li Lei usually comes to school early. 李雷通常来学校很早。 He is never late for school. 他从来没有迟到过。
We should often learn from each other. 我们应该经常互相学习。
3. 程度副词一般位于所修饰词之前，但enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时，应放在所修饰词的后面。eg: It ’s very kind of you! 你真好！
Our music teacher dances well enough. 我们音乐老师跳舞跳得十分好。 4. 修饰全句的副词一般位于句首，若不表示强调也可放在句中或句末。eg: Finally, she got back home. 她终于回到了家。
She, unfortunately, failed the English exam. 不幸的是她的英语考试不及格。 5. only, even, perhaps 用法灵活，常放在与它关系最密切的词前。 They speak only French. 他们说的只是法语。 They can only speak French. 他们只会说法语。
6. 当一个句子中同时出现两个时间副词时，一般情况下表示具体的时间副词或小的/短的时间放在前面，笼统的时间状语放在后面。eg:
I get up at seven every morning. 我每天早上七点起床。
7. 当一个句子中既有时间副词也有地点副词时，通常地点副词在前，时间副词在后。eg: They are going there tomorrow. 他们打算明天去那儿。 四、副词的比较等级
The girl writes most carefully of the five. 那女孩是五个人当中写得最仔细的。 2. 常见近义副词的区别 (1) ago, before
①ago 是以现在为起点，即从现在算起，指“距今若干年时间以前”。不能单独使用，应用ten days (years, weeks,
hours „) ago, 并且通常与过去时态连用。eg:
He was in Shanghai ten years ago. 10年前他在上海。
②“若干时间+before”指过去某一时刻算起的时间以前，通常与过去完成时态连用。eg: She said she had been to the jungle ten days before. 她说她10天前去过灌木丛林了。 单独使用，是泛指以前，常与完成时态连用。如：
He asked me if I had been there before. 他问我以前是否去过那儿。
如果before 后接其他词，如before eight o’clock, before dinner等，此时的before 是介词，而不是副词。 eg: I watched TV before eight o’clock last night. 昨天晚上8点前我看电视了。 (2) too, also, either
三个词都表示“也”的意思。区别如下：
①too 一般用于肯定句，通常放在句尾。too 也可在宾格代词后作为一种简略回答，如：Me, too. eg:
Jack is American, Kate is American, too. 杰克是美国人，凯特也是美国人。 ②also 正式用语，通常放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。eg: They are also workers. 他们也是工人。
I also like the different sayings. 我也喜欢不同的说法。 ③either 用于否定句，放在句尾。 eg:
She doesn’t study well. I don’t study well, either. 她学得不太好，我学得也不太好。 (3) so, too
两个词都可以表示“非常”。使用so 的几个句型： ①not so+形容词或副词+as； ②so+形容词+as to do sth.；
③ so+形容词或副词+that从句；
④so+形容词+a (n)+单数名词+that从句； 使用too 的几个句型：
① too+形容词或副词+to do sth.：意为“太„„以致于不能做某事（表示否定）”； ② too+ anxious(焦急)/ eager (热切)+ to do sth.： 意为“很„„（不含否定意义）”。 (4) so, neither, nor
三个词都能表示后者和前者情况相似。so 用于肯定句，句型：so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语；neither 和
nor 用于否定句，句型：neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语。该句型中的时态或情态动词要与前一句时态或情态动词相一致，助动词和系动词与前一句相对应。eg: —I can swim. 我会游泳。 —So do I. 我也会。
—I have never been to the Great Wall. 我从未去过长城。 —Neither/nor I. 我也是。 五、巩固练习
1. is it from our school to E’huang Bridge?
—About half an hour’s bus trip. Shall we go and visit it?
A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much (2005. 黄冈) 2. Lin Tao is good at all the subjects at school,
A. really B. mostly C. especially D. exactly (2005. 盐城) 3. —I’d like to take a trip to China during my spring holiday. Can you give me any ideas about to go? —I can tell you about the places I’ve visited.
A. when B. where C. how D. why (2005. 黄冈) 4. —do you like Chinese food? —V ery much.
A. What B. Why C. How D. For what (2005. 徐州) 5. Will you please drive
A. quick B. faster C. slowly D. more slowly (2005. 长春) 6. Jane’s leg was painful that he couldn’t move at all.
A. too B. so C. very (2005. 四川) 7. It’s seven o’clock in the afternoon, but they are having a meeting.
A. already B. still C. yet D. ever (2005. 海南) 8. Last weekend many people went to the concert, young people.
A. hardly B. probably C. mostly D. really (2005. 辽宁大连) 9. Miss Zhao is very helpful. She often helps us we are in trouble.
A. whether B. although C. whenever D. however (2005. 辽宁大连) 10 We study English very .
A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. most carefully (2005. 贵州)
11. I was feeling tired last night, so I got up than usual.
A. early B. earlier C. late D. later (2004. 山东) 12. Our holiday seemed too short. Time passed .
A. quick B. quickly C. slow D. slowly (2004. 佛山)
A. quicker; cheaper B. more quickly; cheap C. quicker; cheap D. more quickly; cheaper (2004. 镇江市) 14. —What do you think of the football match?
—Wonderful! The Chinese football team has never played
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst (2004. 河南) 15. She always finishes her homework on time. She leaves it for tomorrow.
A. always B. never C. usually D. sometimes 16. Though the book is worth reading, he fell asleep because he was tired.
A. very, quite B. well, very C. rather, fast D. well, fast 17. She uses her car for driving to work.
A. most B. the most C. almost D. mostly 18. Wang Ping does in physics of all the subjects.
A. badly B. most badly C. worse D. worst 19. If you don’t want to go swimming, I won’t, .
A. too B. also C. either D. neither 20. Look! The boy isn’t working so as that girl.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
(2004. 河南) (2004. 贵州) (2004. 呼和浩特) (2004. 西宁) (2004. 黑龙江) (2004. 青海)