精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义
2. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
3. 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,
过去进行时, 过去将来时,过去完成时)。
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
4. 宾语从句的结构变化
1. 如果从句太长,可用形式宾语it. 例如:I found that it was difficult to learn English well. = I found it difficult to learn English well.
2. 当主句谓语动词是know ,learn ,find out, decide, discuss, tell teach,forget,remember 等的宾语从句可以简化为 “wh/h-疑问词+ to do...”作宾语。
He told us how to solve the problem.
他告诉我们如何解决那个问题。
[注意]:
1. 否定转移:当主句的主语为第一人称,动词是think/believe/expect等时,如果从句是否定句,那么该否定形式通常要转移到主句中。
如I don’t think he will come to my party. 而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会.
上述情况的反意疑问句主要和从句保持一致。如
I don’t think he will come back soon, will he?
我想他不会很快就会回来,是吗?
2. 当do you think 的后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构为“引导词+do you
think
+陈述句语序”。如
Who do you think Tom is waiting for?
9. if/whether it will be sunny tomorrow 10. what I did with the matter
11. if it is going to rain 12. whether she would come or not
三、学法提炼
1、专题特点:宾语从句在中考必考的的语法项目,主要综合考查宾语从句的语
序、时态一致和引导词的选择。 在解带有宾语从句的题目时或在作文中,学生会感到困惑,不少学生会出现一些错误,掌握宾语从句对于完型填空、阅读理解等的理解都是有帮助的。
2、解题方法:1)确定引导词。引导词的确定要根据从句的句子类型,如果从句是陈述句,引导词为 that ,如从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句,则引导词为if 或whether ,如果从句是特殊疑问句就用它原来的疑问代词或疑问副词作为引导词。2)、调整语序。宾语从句的语序都用陈述语序,即正常的主谓语序,如果原句是疑问句改为宾语从句则应调整为陈述句语序。如He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting. 他问是否我们应该举行运动会。3)、变换时态。(1) 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句不受主句动词时态的限制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。如果主句的谓语动词为一般过去时,那么从句谓语动词的时态一般用相应的过去时。动词是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象、科学原理、格言等,从句动词的时态不变,仍用一般现在时。
除此之外,还要注意是否有以上的特殊情况。
3、注意事项:1) 否定转移 2)if 和when 引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 3) could 提问请求允许后面时态不要变为相应的过去时态 4)宾语从句需使用陈述句语序,但是当疑问词本身做主语时,不需要改变语序。
一、能力培养
二、能力点评
精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义
2. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
3. 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,
过去进行时, 过去将来时,过去完成时)。
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
4. 宾语从句的结构变化
1. 如果从句太长,可用形式宾语it. 例如:I found that it was difficult to learn English well. = I found it difficult to learn English well.
2. 当主句谓语动词是know ,learn ,find out, decide, discuss, tell teach,forget,remember 等的宾语从句可以简化为 “wh/h-疑问词+ to do...”作宾语。
He told us how to solve the problem.
他告诉我们如何解决那个问题。
[注意]:
1. 否定转移:当主句的主语为第一人称,动词是think/believe/expect等时,如果从句是否定句,那么该否定形式通常要转移到主句中。
如I don’t think he will come to my party. 而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party. 我认为他不会来我的舞会.
上述情况的反意疑问句主要和从句保持一致。如
I don’t think he will come back soon, will he?
我想他不会很快就会回来,是吗?
2. 当do you think 的后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构为“引导词+do you
think
+陈述句语序”。如
Who do you think Tom is waiting for?
9. if/whether it will be sunny tomorrow 10. what I did with the matter
11. if it is going to rain 12. whether she would come or not
三、学法提炼
1、专题特点:宾语从句在中考必考的的语法项目,主要综合考查宾语从句的语
序、时态一致和引导词的选择。 在解带有宾语从句的题目时或在作文中,学生会感到困惑,不少学生会出现一些错误,掌握宾语从句对于完型填空、阅读理解等的理解都是有帮助的。
2、解题方法:1)确定引导词。引导词的确定要根据从句的句子类型,如果从句是陈述句,引导词为 that ,如从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句,则引导词为if 或whether ,如果从句是特殊疑问句就用它原来的疑问代词或疑问副词作为引导词。2)、调整语序。宾语从句的语序都用陈述语序,即正常的主谓语序,如果原句是疑问句改为宾语从句则应调整为陈述句语序。如He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting. 他问是否我们应该举行运动会。3)、变换时态。(1) 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,从句不受主句动词时态的限制,根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。如果主句的谓语动词为一般过去时,那么从句谓语动词的时态一般用相应的过去时。动词是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象、科学原理、格言等,从句动词的时态不变,仍用一般现在时。
除此之外,还要注意是否有以上的特殊情况。
3、注意事项:1) 否定转移 2)if 和when 引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 3) could 提问请求允许后面时态不要变为相应的过去时态 4)宾语从句需使用陈述句语序,但是当疑问词本身做主语时,不需要改变语序。
一、能力培养
二、能力点评