高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood
厦门第十中学 吕瑞珠
一、概述
本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。
通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。
虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。
二、教学目标分析
1． 知识与技能
1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could …
It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would…
2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on.
3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2． 过程与方法
1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。
2）引领学生在师生问答语言交际过程中，慢慢理解并领悟if引导的虚拟条件句的表
达形式，并通过句子翻译得以巩固。
3）在小组讨论协作学习过程中近一步巩固虚拟语气的表达形式，为在写作中得体运用虚拟语气的表达做充分的准备。
4）学生在写作中运用虚拟语气表达形式。 3． 情感态度与价值观
学生可以尝试运用虚拟语气的表达形式抒发内心美好的想法，如if I had a large amount of money, I would set up a new school for the children in the village；或者对曾经应该做好却没有做到的行为进行反思，像If my grandmother had not passed away , I would have spent more time with her；也可以利用写信的方式表达对身边人的感恩，如if I could spare more time, I would help my mother to do more housework..
三、学习者特征分析
1．授课对象并不是我本校的学生，而是集美区乐安中学高三的学生， 学生英语听、说、读、写综合能力差，基础知识很薄弱缺失较多，运用英语思维的能力差，语言表达能力有待提高。
2．学生虽然已经接触过虚拟语气，但并没有掌握只是处于一知半解的层面，对于相当一部分的学生而言，虚拟语气并没有在头脑储存，而是几乎全部还给了老师。
3）对于这样的学生，教学设计的起点就要适当降低，要增加教学设计的娱乐性与趣味性，调动其学习的积极性，设计语言实践任务时符合学生的水平，使他们有发挥的空间。
四、教学策略选择与设计
1）根据学生的实际情况，我以“学教并重”的教学策略为主，既照顾到学生的主体作用，又充分考虑到学生的现状：基础知识薄弱，理解吸收能力欠缺，使其在学习过程对老师的依赖较大，因此教师的主体作用应得到充分的发挥。
2）整个教学过程中运用了师生互动策略：就PPT展示的资料和提出的问题进行师生听说活动，教师巧妙引导出虚拟条件句。
3）小组协作策略：在某些话题中展开小组讨论，最后由小组成员共同总结发言。 4）评价激励策略：对于积极参与课堂教学活动的学生，利用形成性评价记录表，记录他们曾经的学习过程，从而使他们受到一定的激励。
五、教学资源与工具设计
教学媒体选择分析表
六、教学过程 Step 1: Warming Up
教师随机询问几个学生对高中学习生活的感受：What do you think of Senior high school life?
Boring? Busy? Even painful? ( 问题的设置是为了引起学生在情感上的共鸣，从而可以很
自然地过渡到英语歌曲的欣赏上，使之在紧张的学习中得以放松。)
Oh, yes, boring because of from classroom to the dining room and from the dining room to the dormitory day after day.
Oh, maybe busy because of so much homework and endless exams.
Painful! Why do you think so? You have to be under a lot of pressure. You often get depressed and sometimes you want to give up.
So now I’ll give you a chance for you to relax. Let’s enjoy a song together.
( 学生欣赏英语歌曲 “天使” 并且在老师的引导下关注虚拟语气的句子 )
An Angel
I wish I had your pair of wings I had them last night in my dreams I was chasing butterflies till the sunrise broke my eyes
Tonight the sky has glued my eyes because what they see is an angel hive I've got to touch that magic star and greet the angels in their hive Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you
All the sweet honey from above Pour it all over me sweet love While you're flying around my head Your honey kisses keep me fed
I wish I had your pair of wings Just like last night in my dreams I was lost in paradise I wish I had never opened my eyes Sometimes I wish I were an angel
Sometimes I wish I were you Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you But there's danger in the air Trying so hard to be unfair Danger's in the air
Trying so hard to give us a scare But were not afraid
Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you
欣赏完歌曲，教师再次通过师生间的问答，让学生深刻体会虚拟语气的表达的意义。
Question1: Is the singer an angel? Of course not, so she sang:
I wish I were an angel but in fact she is not an angel. ( 导入话题虚拟语气 ) Question 2: Did the singer open her eyes? Of course yes, so she sang I wish I had never opened my eyes but actually she opened her eyes.
Conclusion: So you know, if you want to talk about something that is not realistic, that is not a fact or that is difficult to come true, you can use . ( 幻灯打出本节课要复习的语法虚拟语气)
Step2: Presentation ( 条件从句的虚拟语气，与现在、过去和将来事实相反 ) T: ( 显示姚明图片) A popular basketball player and in the Beijing Olympic Games ybe you are also Yao Ming’s fan and 照片2： 美国新当选总统奥巴马
T: This is the newly-elected president of America. If I had taken part in the voting, I would have supported Obama ( 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的句子)
照片2与照片3：Both Yao Ming and Obama are famous and popular among American people now. Imagine “ If Yao Ming were to meet with Obama, what would he say to the new president? ( 引导学生说出Congratulations ) Yes, so we can say “If Yao Ming were to meet with Obama, he would say congratulations to the new president. ( 与将来事实相反) or you can say If Yao Ming should meet with Obama he would say congratulations to the new president. Step 3 Summary in short
T: So, we can use subjunctive mood to talk about something that is not a fact but we should pay attention to the tense. ( 时态)
Step 4 Practice
T: I’m sure now you know more about the subjunctive mood. Ok, let’s do some exercise to see how well you can use it. Practice 1 用括号内动词的正确形态填空
1. If I _______ ( be ) in your position, I would have the same feeling about it. 2. If I could fly, I _____________ ( make ) friends with birds.
3. If she had won the game, she ________________ ( phone ) you immediately. 4. Nothing wouldn’t have happened if you ____________ ( be ) there last night. 5. If you ________( visit ) the school tomorrow, you would see me.
Practice 2 Complete the following sentences: ( 开放式的练习检测学生掌握虚拟语气的情况)
If I had a large sum of money, __________________________________________
If we had three days off, ______________________________________________ .If you had got there earlier, _____________________________________________ If an earthquake should / were to happen in Xiamen, _________________________ .Step 5 Other kinds of subjunctive mood
T: Just now we practiced Of course, there are some other kinds of subjunctive mood. ( 选择其中几种讲就可 ) 1． wish
2． as if / as though
3． 一坚持 （insist） ，两命令（ order ） ，三建议（ advise, suggest, propose） ，
四要求（ demand, require, desire, request） 4． It’s time that sb did sth
Step 6 Use freely ---Writing ( 有时间做 )
T: Ok, in today’s lesson we reviewed the subjunctive mood. Now let me see whether you can use it freely.
Today your lesson isn’t given by your own teachet but me.
So now I want you to write a letter to your English teacher. You can talk about anything you like but in your writing you should try your best to use two to three sentences with subjunctive mood. ( 这个设计难度学生能接受吗？) Step 7 Homework 虚拟语气的巩固练习
这一部分是该教学设计方案的关键所在。
在这一部分，要说明教学的环节及所需的资源支持、具体的活动及其设计意图以及那些需要特别说明的教师引导语。
最后，画出教学过程流程图。同时，流程图中需要清楚标注每一个阶段的教学目标、媒
教学内容与
教师的活动
媒体的运用
学生的活动
教师进行逻辑选择
高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood
厦门第十中学 吕瑞珠
一、概述
本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。
通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。
虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。
二、教学目标分析
1． 知识与技能
1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could …
It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would…
2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on.
3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2． 过程与方法
1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。
2）引领学生在师生问答语言交际过程中，慢慢理解并领悟if引导的虚拟条件句的表
达形式，并通过句子翻译得以巩固。
3）在小组讨论协作学习过程中近一步巩固虚拟语气的表达形式，为在写作中得体运用虚拟语气的表达做充分的准备。
4）学生在写作中运用虚拟语气表达形式。 3． 情感态度与价值观
学生可以尝试运用虚拟语气的表达形式抒发内心美好的想法，如if I had a large amount of money, I would set up a new school for the children in the village；或者对曾经应该做好却没有做到的行为进行反思，像If my grandmother had not passed away , I would have spent more time with her；也可以利用写信的方式表达对身边人的感恩，如if I could spare more time, I would help my mother to do more housework..
三、学习者特征分析
1．授课对象并不是我本校的学生，而是集美区乐安中学高三的学生， 学生英语听、说、读、写综合能力差，基础知识很薄弱缺失较多，运用英语思维的能力差，语言表达能力有待提高。
2．学生虽然已经接触过虚拟语气，但并没有掌握只是处于一知半解的层面，对于相当一部分的学生而言，虚拟语气并没有在头脑储存，而是几乎全部还给了老师。
3）对于这样的学生，教学设计的起点就要适当降低，要增加教学设计的娱乐性与趣味性，调动其学习的积极性，设计语言实践任务时符合学生的水平，使他们有发挥的空间。
四、教学策略选择与设计
1）根据学生的实际情况，我以“学教并重”的教学策略为主，既照顾到学生的主体作用，又充分考虑到学生的现状：基础知识薄弱，理解吸收能力欠缺，使其在学习过程对老师的依赖较大，因此教师的主体作用应得到充分的发挥。
2）整个教学过程中运用了师生互动策略：就PPT展示的资料和提出的问题进行师生听说活动，教师巧妙引导出虚拟条件句。
3）小组协作策略：在某些话题中展开小组讨论，最后由小组成员共同总结发言。 4）评价激励策略：对于积极参与课堂教学活动的学生，利用形成性评价记录表，记录他们曾经的学习过程，从而使他们受到一定的激励。
五、教学资源与工具设计
教学媒体选择分析表
六、教学过程 Step 1: Warming Up
教师随机询问几个学生对高中学习生活的感受：What do you think of Senior high school life?
Boring? Busy? Even painful? ( 问题的设置是为了引起学生在情感上的共鸣，从而可以很
自然地过渡到英语歌曲的欣赏上，使之在紧张的学习中得以放松。)
Oh, yes, boring because of from classroom to the dining room and from the dining room to the dormitory day after day.
Oh, maybe busy because of so much homework and endless exams.
Painful! Why do you think so? You have to be under a lot of pressure. You often get depressed and sometimes you want to give up.
So now I’ll give you a chance for you to relax. Let’s enjoy a song together.
( 学生欣赏英语歌曲 “天使” 并且在老师的引导下关注虚拟语气的句子 )
An Angel
I wish I had your pair of wings I had them last night in my dreams I was chasing butterflies till the sunrise broke my eyes
Tonight the sky has glued my eyes because what they see is an angel hive I've got to touch that magic star and greet the angels in their hive Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you
All the sweet honey from above Pour it all over me sweet love While you're flying around my head Your honey kisses keep me fed
I wish I had your pair of wings Just like last night in my dreams I was lost in paradise I wish I had never opened my eyes Sometimes I wish I were an angel
Sometimes I wish I were you Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you But there's danger in the air Trying so hard to be unfair Danger's in the air
Trying so hard to give us a scare But were not afraid
Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you Sometimes I wish I were an angel Sometimes I wish I were you
欣赏完歌曲，教师再次通过师生间的问答，让学生深刻体会虚拟语气的表达的意义。
Question1: Is the singer an angel? Of course not, so she sang:
I wish I were an angel but in fact she is not an angel. ( 导入话题虚拟语气 ) Question 2: Did the singer open her eyes? Of course yes, so she sang I wish I had never opened my eyes but actually she opened her eyes.
Conclusion: So you know, if you want to talk about something that is not realistic, that is not a fact or that is difficult to come true, you can use . ( 幻灯打出本节课要复习的语法虚拟语气)
Step2: Presentation ( 条件从句的虚拟语气，与现在、过去和将来事实相反 ) T: ( 显示姚明图片) A popular basketball player and in the Beijing Olympic Games ybe you are also Yao Ming’s fan and 照片2： 美国新当选总统奥巴马
T: This is the newly-elected president of America. If I had taken part in the voting, I would have supported Obama ( 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的句子)
照片2与照片3：Both Yao Ming and Obama are famous and popular among American people now. Imagine “ If Yao Ming were to meet with Obama, what would he say to the new president? ( 引导学生说出Congratulations ) Yes, so we can say “If Yao Ming were to meet with Obama, he would say congratulations to the new president. ( 与将来事实相反) or you can say If Yao Ming should meet with Obama he would say congratulations to the new president. Step 3 Summary in short
T: So, we can use subjunctive mood to talk about something that is not a fact but we should pay attention to the tense. ( 时态)
Step 4 Practice
T: I’m sure now you know more about the subjunctive mood. Ok, let’s do some exercise to see how well you can use it. Practice 1 用括号内动词的正确形态填空
1. If I _______ ( be ) in your position, I would have the same feeling about it. 2. If I could fly, I _____________ ( make ) friends with birds.
3. If she had won the game, she ________________ ( phone ) you immediately. 4. Nothing wouldn’t have happened if you ____________ ( be ) there last night. 5. If you ________( visit ) the school tomorrow, you would see me.
Practice 2 Complete the following sentences: ( 开放式的练习检测学生掌握虚拟语气的情况)
If I had a large sum of money, __________________________________________
If we had three days off, ______________________________________________ .If you had got there earlier, _____________________________________________ If an earthquake should / were to happen in Xiamen, _________________________ .Step 5 Other kinds of subjunctive mood
T: Just now we practiced Of course, there are some other kinds of subjunctive mood. ( 选择其中几种讲就可 ) 1． wish
2． as if / as though
3． 一坚持 （insist） ，两命令（ order ） ，三建议（ advise, suggest, propose） ，
四要求（ demand, require, desire, request） 4． It’s time that sb did sth
Step 6 Use freely ---Writing ( 有时间做 )
T: Ok, in today’s lesson we reviewed the subjunctive mood. Now let me see whether you can use it freely.
Today your lesson isn’t given by your own teachet but me.
So now I want you to write a letter to your English teacher. You can talk about anything you like but in your writing you should try your best to use two to three sentences with subjunctive mood. ( 这个设计难度学生能接受吗？) Step 7 Homework 虚拟语气的巩固练习
这一部分是该教学设计方案的关键所在。
在这一部分，要说明教学的环节及所需的资源支持、具体的活动及其设计意图以及那些需要特别说明的教师引导语。
最后，画出教学过程流程图。同时，流程图中需要清楚标注每一个阶段的教学目标、媒
教学内容与
教师的活动
媒体的运用
学生的活动
教师进行逻辑选择