文章编号:1005—8982【2004)07—0083—05
・综述・
难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展
朱雄鹏1综述,陈志哲1审校
(1-福建泉州市第一医院,福建泉州362000;2.福建医科大学附属协和医院,福建福州350001)
关键词:难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜;治疗进展中国分类号:R554.6
文献标识码:A
Advanceofthetreatmentinrefractoryidiopathict
hrombocytopenic
purpura
ZHUXiong—pengReview,CHENZhi—sheExamine
(1.TheFirstHospitalofQuanZhou,Quanzhou,Fufian362000,P.R.China;2.TheAffiliated
Union
Hospital,FujianMedical№面emi咿,Fuzhou,Fwian
350001,P
R.China)
Keywords:ITP;Treatmentadv∞ce
CLC
number:R554.6
Doellmentcode:
A
Idiopathicthmmboeytopenie
purpura(ITP)is
all
forthesakeofmaintainingsafestandardofplatelet
a-
acquiredhemorrhagicdiseasecommonlyseen
inclinic
mount(>30×109/L).Refractory
ITPisverydifficult
practice.Singleor
manifoldanti—platelet
autoantibod—
to
therapy,nOWreviewtherelevantreferencesin
recent
iesexistin
hnmanbedy,theyaffectimmediatelyⅡb/Ⅲ
years・
a
compoundofglycoprotein
platelet(GP),consequent—
lImmuneinhibitorsly,causeplatelet
to
decreasedueto
retieuloendothelial
system(RES)destroyingplatelet….So
itisalsocalled
1.1
Methylprednlsoloneimmunethrombocytopenicpurpura.Cortexhormoneis
Hi出一dose
ofmethylpmdnisoloneiscapableof
re-
preferred
as
its
conventional
treatment(prednismae),
strainingapparentlythefunctionsofreticuloendothelial
mostscholarsthinkthat
spleneetomy
should
beper-
system(RES),thereby
decreasesthe
destroyingof
formedas
soon
fits
possiblewhen
COrteX
hormoneisinva-
platelet.Common
method:methylprednisolone
15
mg
lid
or
resistant,hemorrhagearerefractory
or
even
dan-
(kg・d),iv
bydrip,3d,effectiverateisabout50%;
gerous
to
life(cranium
internalhemorrhage).Sosome
ifintravenous
injection
ofinmmnoglobulinis
applied
scholarsthinkthatitisrefractoryifCortexhormone
and
simultaneously,curativeeffectwillbebetterandplate—
splenectomy
tire
of
no
effect.However,Kapatkins。21
et
letwillincreasemorerapidly。。.ItisgenerallybelievedalconsiderthatrefractoryITPshouldmeanthoseadultthathigh——doseofmethylprednisoloneintravenousin—
patientswhoshOWirresponsivitytoCOrtexhormoneorre—
jection
is
appliedtotreat
thoseITPpatients
as
emergen—
quirequitehigh—doseof
prednisone(>10—15“g)
cy
salvage
and
preoperativemedicationwhenconven—
tional
treanrlent
is
ineffective【引.
Reeeived
date:Feb
18.2003
1.2
Leurocristine,vincristin(VCR)
Methodsofadministrationof
VCRinclude
two:
・83
ChinaJoumat
of
ModemMedicine
Vol14
一——————’——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————h_——一
First:VCR0.02
mg(kg‘week),iv
or
iv
bydripfor6
suggested:Postoperativefatalinfection
cause
may
occur
be—
~8h,4~6weekeveryperiodoftreatment,Second:
ofrescetingsimultaneouslytheonly
partwhich
Platelet
is
incubatedtogetherwithVCRinvitrobefore
producesopsenin;Long—termcurativeeffectofsple—
injectingintothepatient,plateletloadedwithVCRis
neetomyisquestionablein
quently,authorsasserted
many
researches.Conse.
should
swallowedbysingh—nucleusmacrophagesystem,andthenVCRisreleased
to
that
spleneetomy
be
not
killmacrophageanddestroyits
platelet
destruction.
totreat
performed
2_2
whenallothermethodsareusaless,ate
functions,causingdecreasingin
preferredtreatment.
Spleenarea/rrad/at/onSpleen
area
Alan。’+etalappliedVCRunitedwithplateletrefractory[TPpatientsincluding6effectsofVCR1.3
are
11
CR.Maindiseases.
side--
irradiationwasinitiallyapplied
totreat
peripheral
nelT,re
chroniclymphocyteleucocythemia/leukemiaandBurkitt§lymphoma/malignantlymphoma.Pathology
to
CyclosporlnCsAis
a
A(CsA)
immuneinhibitor,itsfunctionis
confirmed
strong
thatspleenshrinkedandIostfuncdonsafterirradiation.Subsequently,Spleenplied
to
area
restrainTlymphocytefromgeneratinginterleukin2(IL
irradiation
were
was
gradually8p—
一2),preventing
ceils.CsA
is
IL一2fromactivatingcytotoxicityT
treat
thosepatientswho
hormone—-resist—
alsocapableofobstructingtheactivatedT
recipient,restrainingT
et
ant
or
hadgreatoperativerisk.CalvedeyEg]etalreposed
S,1.ea
ceilsfromexpressingIL一2cellsfromgeneratingal
19nTpatientswhohadundergonespleention,whose
agewas
irradia—
1一interferon(1FN).Emilia”1w∞apphed
to
57~92yearsold.Thedosewas
CaSeS
reperted
thatCsA
treat
8
cases
with
600cGY/time,b.j.w,6weeksina11.8andhadp丑rtdalresponse,4leviatedformore
cases
improved
autoiBmmnediseasesdepending
on
immune
inhibitors,
5
were
continuouslyal-
11easeswithirradiationare
including41TPpatientswhoseCsAdosage
was
no
mg(kg
effect2
than
one
yearamong
aEea
・d),deliveredtwice;if
treatmentwas
to
of
chronicⅡP.Side—effectsofspleenstight,hutitmay
cause
weekslater,dosagewasincreased
treatment
was
10
nag(kg・d);if
a
adherencebetweenspleenand
aretoarea
re—
ineffeetive4weekslater.withdrawal.Asitssurroundingtissues.SothepatientswhoceivespleneetomyshouldnotundergospleenarianinelⅢ,eadllererteeresultsin
result。3
cases(75%)werecompletelyalleviated,1
irradi—
estse(25%)waspartlyalleviated,buttheyneededtak—
ingmedicinein22.1
a
operative
difficulties
longtime
to
maintain.
and
3
eveH
oomplieations.
Splenectomyandirradiation
Srlenectomy
Kaznelsenfirsttreatedidiopathicthrombeeytopenic
Antibodyagents/prelmrations
3.1
ltlttravenol4¥injecaonof
immunoglobulin
(nqG)
CommondosageofIVIGistotally2.0tedin2days
or
purpura(ITP)by
not
spleneetomyin1916.Spleenresectiong/kginjec—
only
reseetedtheproducingplaceofplateletanti-
5days.Itwassubsequentlyreported
body,butalsoremovedthelocationdestroyingplatelet,hi出el'toisstill
a
thattittledosageofday,0.8g/kgin1
IVIG(total
or
amountis1.0g/kginl
increasedplatelet
safeandeffectivetherapeuticmethod
rate
2
days)also
two
0fthisdisease.itsalleviating
men
is60%—Bo%.Com—
rapidly.Godeau…compared
(0.5
g/kgandl.0
kindsoftittledosage
cayles
techniquesofspleenresectioninclude:Open
Sple—
is
g/kg)ofMGusedtotreat37
to
neetomyf0s)andLapasosoopicSplanectomy(LS).It
preBenfly
consideredthat
curative
LS
has
rrP(PI口<50×109/L.were
highriskof
was
receiveoperation
or
had
advantagesoflittle
recoveryandless
wound,goodeffect,rapid
1.0
bleeding),result:inthefourthday,dosageg/kgand0.5吕/kg,alleviatingratio(>80×
complications,etc.Therefore,itis
to
especiallyapplicable
a
109/L)was12/18(66.7%)and4/19(21.1%)(P=0.005)respectively.Ifitwasuselessinthefourthday,subsequentdosageofWIGwas1.5g/k1∥kg,its
or
thoseoldandchildrenpatients,andhas
tendency
all
ofreplacing
OS∽However,spleen
meolls
resectionisin。
jufingtherapeutic
aftera11.BallWR…recently
84・
alleviatingratiowas11/13,2/6.Thealleviatingratioof
No.7
ZHU
Xlong—pens,etal:AdVance一theIreatmcntinrefractoryidiopathicthromboeytopeni。purP“m
——————————————————————————一———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————一
thewholegroupwas
78%inthe8th
day(no
differencecl-iaotie
immunization(ⅡP).Its
mechanism:Itisbe.
betweenthetWO
group).The
writer
pointed
out
thatthe
1ievedthatITPis
a
diseasecloselyrelevanttoprolifera—
curative
effectof1g/kgdosagewa¥betterthanthatof
tion
abnormalityofB
cells;rituximab,combined
with
0.5∥kgdosageinthefirstseveral.days;higherdosageelY20+B,inducesantibody—introducedcytotoxicity,ofⅣIGwasStill
effectiveintllosepatientswhoshowed
complement—introducedeytotoxJcityandapoptosis(ge—
no
response
to
1∥ksdosage.Itis
generaUybelievedqueneing
decease)toeliminateBlymphocytewithther—
thatplateletrisesrapidlyin5—10daysafterintravenous
apoutic
purpose
achieved.Stasiil7j
et
al
repoaed
that
injection
ofimmunoglobulinandlastsfor1~3weeks,
rituximabwaft,appliedto
treat
25
cases
refractoryITP;but
can
1
persist.IVIG
eala
beappliedforemergent
method:dosageofrituximabwas
375
ms/m2,iv
by
treatment,preoperativepreparation
ofsplenectomy
or
drip,inthe
first,eishth,fifteenth,twenty—second
predictionof
su皤cal
outcome
becauseof
expensive
day;result:CR(platelet>100×109/L)5cases,PR
therapeuticCOSt
andshorttimeoflastingplatelet。”。
(platelet50~100×109/L)5
cases.totalremissive
rate
3.2
Anti—Rh(D)immunoglobulin
40%.infusion—correlatedside—effectswereslightand
Themeehnismof
anti—Ida(D)immuuoglohulin
didntaffect
treatment.Therefore,the
authorbelieved
(anti—Dantibody)is
to
restrain
indirectlybiological
thatitisreasonable
to
use
fituximab
totreatrefractoryactivity
ofreticuloendothelial
system(1IES),obstruct
1TP.Saleh㈨also
appliedrimximab
totreat
13patients
FCRfromcombining
relevant
antibody
compound
of
withrefractory1TP,patientsintheresearch
were
divid—
platelet—platelet,consequentlyavoidrelevantantibodyedintothreegroups:thefirstgroup:3cases.dosage50compoundofplatelet—plateletfrombeingswallowedbymg/m。inthefirstday,150ms/m2inthe
ei曲th,fifli—macrophage/histocyte;its
next
functionisimmunead—
eth,twenty—secondday;thesecondgroup:3c∞es,justrnent.Its
presently—recormnendeddosageis50mg
dosage150mg/m2inthefirstday,375
m#m2
inthe
(kg・time),injects
once
oronce
every
day,lastsfor3
eighth,fiftieth,twenty—secondday;thethirdgroup:—4
days.Searadarou㈨appliedanti—Dantibodyto
7
cases(1
cases
stillbeing
treated),dosage
375ms/1TI。
treat
272patients,withplateletincrease
of72%pa—
in
theeighth,fiftieth,twenty—secondday.Results:
tients
by20×109/Landplateletincreaseof46%pa—
noneof
cases
in
thefirstsmall—dosagedgroup
was
alle-
tients≥50×109/Lafter2—3
days;platelet
increasein
elated;3/9(33%)cEses
were
alleviated(including
1
50%effectualpatientslastedfor>21d,completealle—CRand2
PR)in
thesecondandthirdgroupwithdos—
viationamong
some
patientslastedformore
t}lan
one
age
nearor
equal
to
fulldosage.Mainside—effects:fe—
year.Somepeopleused75
mg(kg・d)anti—Dantibod-
ver,fearing—cold.Thisresearchis
beingperformed
Yto
treat
adultpatientswithITPbyintravenous
injee-
and
itstotalalleviatingrate,clinicalparametersrelevant
tion,suggestingthatplateletincreaseofthisdosagewasto
alleviationandpotentialmechanismofresponse
re-
more
rapidthanthatof50
nag(kg・d),and
remissive
quirebeingfurtherclarified.butithasundoubtedlyan—time
was
longer.Side—effects:slightextravaseularbe-
sweredman)rimportantproblemsinrelation
to
rituximab
molysis,slightbilirubinincrease,temporarypositivity
intreatingITPandotherauto—immunediseases.
ofCoombstest,chiliinveryfewpatients.4
Olthers
3.3
Rituximab
RittLximahisanti--CD20-Bhuman——rat--gem—4.I
Interferon(IFN)
phosisedmoneclonalantibody,andisalsoa
medicine
Proctor
et
alfirst
applied
IFNtotreatⅡPwith
firstauthorizcd
to
treat
cancer
byFDAinUSA.Itsef-goodeffectsin
1989,andinthe
nextyearsummarizedfeetivenessintreatinglowmalignantnon—Hodgkin0
experiences
in
applyingIFN
to
treat
33patientswith
lymphomahasbecn
confirmedt…“.Recently.clinical
1TP.Met}lads:IFN3mimonunits,bysubcutaneousin-materia】sshawedthattituximabWaS
alsoeffeetive
to
jection,tiw,12times
as
a
course.Thetotaleffective
seineextentll5,16]in
treating
those
diseasescorrelating
ratewas
69%,butonlyfewpatientswhoseplateletin—
ChitinJoum}dof
ModemMedicine
Vd14
crease
was>200×109/Landlastedfor3
mollt}ls:
ne
dosagewas100ms/d,P.o,75mg/dinoldpa.
not
plateletincreaseofmostpatientsw踮>30×109/Lbut<100×10’/L
tients;results:invalid:33cases(50%),could
crate
tol—
and
lastedfor6weeks
or
so-plateletde.
keeping
on
medication;complete
or
part
remis.
creasedinfewpatientsmadbleedingsymptomaggrava・
sion:3310’/L
was
eases(50%);the
21
mediumtimeofPIJT>50×
out
ted.Afterwards.rujimura…applied
were
rlFNa一2b
totreatwas
days.Theam出orpointed
thatDPS
50patientswithrefractoryITP.Patientsinthisresearch
dividedintothreegroupsrandomly:thefirstgroup20
capableofmakingplateletattainsafestandardin
a
halfofpatientsmadlastforpatientsrecurred
longertime,butnearlyall
cases,low—dose,1.5miUionunits,hysubeutAnleousin—
afterwithdrawal.Themechanismof
sys.
jection,tiw,4weeks
in
all;thesecondgroup21
cases,
DPSiscompetitiveinhjbitionofreticuloendotbolial
llig}1一dose,3millionunits,bysubcutaneous
injection,
weeks
tem(RES),instead
duction.
ofaffectingplatelet
antibodypro—
Ⅱw.4weeksinall;thethirdgroup9cases.10ngcourac,3millionunits,bysubcutaneous
injection,qw,83"osumuptheabove—mentioned,refractory1TPmaybetreatedfirstby
ina11.Results:plateletofpatientsinthefirstandsecond
group
high—doseofdexamethasone,
or
began
to
riseafterone—weektreatment,arrived
at
methylprednisolone,IVIG,leurocristine
anti—Dan—
thehighestin
the岫rd
x
andsecondweekrespectively.but
rate
tibody;Splenectomy
cinesare
may
heappliediftheabovemedi—
allsurpassed50
109/L.effectivewas33.3%and
useless;Cyclosporin
A(CsA),intelfemn
can
20.0%.plateletgaduallydecreasedafterwith&awal.
Theeffectivepatently
rate
(IFN)dapsone(DPS)or
splenectomyisineffective
6tuximah
or
beselectedif
inthethirdgroupwas66.7%with印一
ITP
recurs.
hi#erthanthetwoabove—mentionedgroups,
or
meanvalueofplatehitwas60×109/L
pose
so.Authorpro—
u—
that8一weektherapeutics(rlFNa一2b.3million
a
[1]rangR,HadZC.Pathogenesis∞dIHqenlcn[of
th—bocytopeciepurpum:∞Ul吐tteEJ]Int
—24
chronicidiopathic
nits,qw)is
preferableschemeforchronicITP.Side—
J
Hemtol,2000,71:18
effectsofIFNa:slightinfluenza—llkesymptominmost
patients,temporary
tients;but
no
leucocyte
decrease
in
part
ofpa-
[2]KnpatkJnS.Autalmmune(idiopathic)throtnbocflopenic
[J].Lancet.1997,349:1531—1536[3])d∞Hhua
to
acute
pu∞um
apparentside--effectintreatingcrrP.On
an
Cumfveeffectobsexvationof
R—dobm抽plus
hormone
thewhole,IFNis
effectivemedicineforrefractoryITP
.
8evemidiopathicthrmnbocytopenicpurPum[J].Chinatour-
withslightside—effects.
4.2
nalofMod目:n
Medicine.2000,11(101:85—87
Dapsone(DPS)
Duramd
et
141‰dⅢB,Zini删,SehaefferA,etdHigh—d∞eMefoypred-
nisolⅢaeis811tdtemati’,et陀咖邮cforadultswithautcimmunethiom-
boc”op“。pupumrefrraetory
ral
to
alfirstreportedthatonlyDPSwasused
intmven¨s
immunoglobulias
md∞
totreat
oldpatientswithrefractorychronicITP.Meth—
to
corfieostercids[J]AmJHematol,1995,48:282—284.
al
Thetrcmnacnt
ods:75mg/d,P.o.,result:plateletincreasedup
[5]AlanYS,BymesJJ.HmTinstonWJ,et
icthrmnbeeytopenia
ofidiolmth・
middlelevel,thetimeofthegreatestcurativeeffectwas11—45days(average32
withinbl口line-loaded
platters[J].NE珥】
days),effective
time
lasted
[63
Med.1钾8,298:1lOl一1107
EmiliabyBr
G.M∞.soraC,LongoG,Ⅱa/.Long—term
autcimmune
sa/vagetreatment
for2~48monthsfmediumwas16.6months).Her—
eycl∞porininrtffraetoryJ
haematohigiea]disorders[J]
nandes[驯etalreportedthatDPS(1130mg/d)wasused
to
treat
Hae眦t01.1996.93:341-344.
N,Mayor
E.Laparcecopie
15
cascs
witllrefractorychronicrI甲in1~3l
rate
[7]Katkhouda
North
Splenectomy[J].Surg
Clin
months.withalleviating
40%.Itwasbelieved
ac-
AM,2000.80:1285—1297.
6n
cording
to
theresearchthatthismedicinewascheap
and
to
【8]B部踟LLong—term啪I聊他dspler州hmv
cytopenic
idio怔hie岫嘶‰-
littleside—effects,exceptforhemolyticanaemiaduehigh—dose.Greater
serialsofresearches
were
purptwa[J].Sen-lnHernatol,2CC0.37(1suppll):筮一25
TG,etal
Splenic
radiationfor
Intem
[9]CalverhiyDC,JonesGW,Kektan
corticosteroid—resistant
immune
per-
thmmboeytapenia[t].Ann
formedbyEnglishscholamexperiencesofapplyingDPS
GodeanB驯,who
to
treat
reported
Med.1992,16:977—981.
66caseswithITP.
f10]Godeau
B,Caulier
MT,DecuypereL,et
alIntravenous
・86
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————一—————————————————————————一~
N。一
zHu
xj。”g-PengRe访ew,EHEN
Zhi—zhe
Examine:Advanceofthetttattnentin
refractory
idi。pathict
hrombocyt叩eIlic
pulpura
inmmnoglobin
for
adultswith
autalmmunethrombocytopenie
pttr-【16]MowBM,HookCC.Pdtuximab
forthe
treahnent
ofrefractory
puts:resultsof
a
randomized
trim
cmnpating0.5
and
lg/kg
bw.
immune
thromboeytopanie
ptmpura_e.asereport.Bl004
1999;94
mJHaenmt01.1999:107:716-719
(suppl):3526-3531.
11】Law
C,Marcaccio
M,Tam只et
at.High.10se
Intravenousim.『17]st丑slRPaganoA,Stipa
E,etalRituximabehimeric
anti—CD20
mane
globulinand
theresponse
to
spleneetomy
in
patients
with
monoolor,al
antibody
treatmentfor
aduhwith
chronicidlopathic
idiopathic
thrombooytoponie
purpura-N
EnslJ
Med,1997;336:
【hmmb”yIopeni。purpura.Blood,2001;98:952~957.
1494—1498
f181Saleh
MN,GutheilJ,MooreM,eta1.A
pilot
studvoftheanti—
121
ScaradavouA,WooB,Woloski
BM,eta1.Intraveneous
anti—D
CD20
monoclonal
antibodyritualmab
in
patients
with
refractorytreatmentof
immune
thrombocytopenicpurpura:expefienee
in
immunethromboeytopenJe.SeminOncol。2000;27(6
suppl
t21:
272
patients.Blood,1997;8垒2689—2700
99-103
13]CzuzcnmnMs.GtiHo-fop既AJ,Whit
CA,et
alTreatment
of
』19】FujimuraK
Takafuta
L
Kepriya
S,et
alRecombinanthuman
patientswith
low—grade
B-celllymphoma
with
the
combination
interferona—2b乩IFN
a-2b)therapy
for
steroidresistantidio.
of
chimericanti-CD20Monocfonal
antibody
and
CHOP
pathie
thmmboeytoperfie
purpura(ITP)Am
J
Haemotal,1996;5l:
Chemothempy.1Clin
Oncol,1999;17:269—276.37—41川Hainsworth
JD,Burris
HA,MorrisseLH,etal
Rituximab黼
[2埘HemandezE
LinaresM,Colomina
P.etalDapsoneforre矗acto.
clonal且ntihody
as
initial
systemic
therapyforpatients
with
low—
ry
chronic
idiopadtiethrombocytopeniepurpara
Br
J
Haematol,
grade
non-Hadgkinlymphoma.Blood.2000;95:3052—3056
1995;90:473—475.151
RatanatharathornV,Carson
E
Reynods
c.etal
Anti.-CD20[211
G0deau
B,Durand
JM,Franeoise腿et
al
Dapsone
forchronicchimericmonoclonal
antibody
la'9atment
of
refractory
immune-
autoimmune
thtombocytopeniepurpura:a
reportof
66
c髂es.Br
J
mediatedthrombooytoponia
in
a
patient
with
chronicgraftver-
HaematoL1997;97:336-339
sus-host
disease
AnnIntent
Med.2000;133:275-279
(Edited
by
ZOU
Xian—de)
(上接第82页)
米技术的安全性。有人表示,纳米技术研究是人类历对纳米技术的安全问题表示关注,美国国会也在讨史上首次能够在技术成熟并形成产业之前,就有机会论纳米技术管制法案,美国国家科学基金会已拨出清楚地了解其对环境和人类健康影响的一项新课题。
200万美元资助科学家对纳米技术的社会后果进行研究,美国国家环保局今年也得到了600万美元专参考文献
项经费,用以研究纳米材料对环境的影响。
【1】Committee
for
the
Review
ofthe
National
Nanotedmnlogy
Initia—虽然现在人们还不能断定纳米粒子进人大脑并tire:SmallWonders.EndlessFmntiem:A
Review
of
the
Nation—堆积起来会产生何种影响,但是纳米物质应用的安al
Nanoteehnolo盯Initiative,NationalAcademy
Press,June
2002.
全性旱就成为那些对纳米研究持谨慎态度的研究人【2】2张阳搏“纳米生物技术现状与展望”斟技13报.2001,11月05
日
员所关注的问题。去年,美国赖斯大学生物和环境纳【3]3
Luo
P,ZhangYD,PengJ,et
al
Biomsorbableself_settthg
in—米技术中心主任维基・考尔文在一次接受采访时就jeetable
nanobone
putty皿ZhangGun
Xian
Dal
Yi
XueZa
Zhi,
引用了两条需要重视纳米材料的理由:一是纳米材2003
13(1【811—10
Chinese料甚小,他们可能会进入人体中那些大颗粒材料所[4】Suhcomatittee
oil
Nannseak
Science,EngineeringandTechnology:
不能抵达的区域,如正常细胞;二是在纳米量级,材National
Nanoteehnology
Initiatlve:TheInitiative
andIts
Imple—
mentationPlan,Natiomd
ScienceandTechnologyCouncil
料的性质会有不同的表现。研究人员并不知道如何July
2003
将纳米材料从人体中清除,也不知道它们会不会在[51张阳德,彭健藏阿霉素磁性白蛋白纳米粒:一种高效靶向抗肿
人体中降解或堆积。
瘤系统【J】中国现代医学杂志,200l,I1(3):39-42
在没有完全了解纳米技术安全性的情况下,有【6]毛磊.“美国会立法用以促进纳米技术的研究开发”.2003年5月
人提出应暂停纳米研究。然而,这种呼吁和纳米可能8日
有害的发现都无法阻挡2003年全球纳米研究的步【7]ForScience。Nanotoch
Poses
BigUnknown,02/01/2004,Rick
Weiss,Washington
Post
Washington,DC
伐,支持纳米技术的大多数政府机构和研究人员并【8J8
Nallofe(=hno】‘w:the
next
industrial
revolution?Royal
Soe3ety
没有高度重视纳米技术这把”双刃剑”的负面。去News.2
February
2004.
年,纳米研究成果可谓层出不穷,令人目不暇接。
【9]Our
MolecularFuture:How
Nanoteehnology,Robotics,Genetics,
不过,面对奥伯多斯特等人的新发现,包括政府and
Artificial
lmelHgenceWillTransform
Our
World,Douglas
Mulhall,PrometheusBooks,Amherst,NewYork,2004
和研究人员在内的纳米研究热衷者也许应该重视纳
(欧阳洋编辑)
87-
难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展
作者:作者单位:刊名:英文刊名:年,卷(期):被引用次数:
朱雄鹏, 陈志哲
福建泉州市第一医院,福建,泉州,362000中国现代医学杂志
CHINA JOURNAL OF MODERN MEDICINE2004,14(7)8次
参考文献(21条)
1.Yang R;Han ZC Pathogenesis and management of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura:an update 2000
2.Kapatkin S Autoimmune ( idiopathic ) thrombocytopenic purpura[外文期刊] 1997
3.Xiao Lihua Curative effect observation of R -globulin plus hormone to acute severe idiopathicthrombocytopenic purpura 2000(10)
4.Godeau B;Zini JM;Schaeffer A High - dose Methyprednisolone is an alternative treatment for adultswith autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to intravenous immunoglobulins and o ralcorticosteroids[外文期刊] 1995(4)
5.Ahn YS;Byrnes JJ;Harrington WJ The treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenia with vinblastine -loaded platelets 1978
6.Emilia G;Messora C;Longo G Long -term salvage treatment by cyclosporin in refractory autoimmunehaematological disorders[外文期刊] 1996
7.Katkhouda N;Mayor E Laparoscopic Splenectomy[外文期刊] 2000
8.Bell WR Long - term outcome of Splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 2000(37)9.Calverley DC;Jones GW;Kekton TG Splenic radiation for corticosteroid- resistant immunethrombocytopenia 1992
10.Godeau B;Caulier MT;Decuypere L Intravenous immunoglobin for adults with autoimmune
thrombocytopenic purpura:results of a randomized trial comparing 0.5 and lg/kg b.w[外文期刊] 199911.Law C;Marcaccio M;Tam P High-dose Intravenous immune globulin and the response to splenectomy inpatients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura[外文期刊] 1997
12.Scaradavou A;Woo B;Woloski BM Intraveneous anti-D treatment of immune thrombocytopenicpurpura:experience in 272 patients 1997
13.Czuzcman Ms;Grillo-lopez AJ;Whit CA Treatment of patients with low-grade B-cell lymphoma with thecombination of chimeric anti ~CD20 Monoclonal antibody and CHOP Chemotherapy 1999
14.Hainsworth JD;Burris HA;Morrisse LH Rituximab monoclonal antibody as initial systemic therapy forpatients with lowgrade non-Hodgkin lymphoma 2000
15.Ratanatharathorn V;Carson E;Reynods C Anti-CD20chimeric monoclonal antibody treatment ofrefractory immunemediated thrombooytopenia in a patient with chronio graftversus-host disease 200016.Mow BM;Hook CC Rituximab for the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura-casereport 1999(Suppl)
17.Stasi R;Pagano A;Stipa E Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20monoclonal antibody treatment for adult with
chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura[外文期刊] 2001
18.Saleh MN;Gutheil J;Moore M A pilot study of the antiCD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab inpatients with refractory immune thrombocytopenic 2000(27)
19.Fujimura K;Takafuta T;Kepriya S Recombinant human interferon a-2b (rh IFN a-2b) therapy forsteroid resistant idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) 1996(51)
20.HERNANDEZ F;Linares M;Colomina P Dapsone for refractory chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenicpurpura[外文期刊] 1995
21.Godeau B;Durand JM;Francoise RT Dapsone for chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura:a reportof 66 cases[外文期刊] 1997
本文读者也读过(10条)
1. 汪靖 难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗选择与疗效观察[期刊论文]-现代中西医结合杂志2008,17(20)2. 陶洁.黄颖.李洪强.王婷婷.王晓燕.季林祥.杨仁池 联合化疗治疗成人慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜[期刊论文]-中国综合临床2007,23(6)
3. 肖红.彭秀兰.刘华东.XIAO Hong.PENG Xiu-lan.LIU Hua-dong 重组人白细胞介素-11治疗成人慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床观察[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2007,17(8)4. 王雅凡.魏占美 肠结核26例分析[期刊论文]-传染病信息2008,21(2)
5. 黄闯.彭文芳 特发性血小板减少性紫癜86例临床分析[期刊论文]-中国新技术新产品2009(2)6. 许俊峰 早期应用胰岛素对糖尿病患者合并脑梗死肢体功能恢复的影响[期刊论文]-中国现代药物应用2009,3(12)
7. 徐娜.金文波.XU Na.JIN Wen-bo 半月疗法恢复初发2型糖尿病患者血糖稳态的临床研究[期刊论文]-中国实用医药2008,3(9)
8. 朱红魁 肠结核病20例分析[期刊论文]-中国实用医药2006,1(3)
9. 韩智娟.尹松梅 成人难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜治疗进展[期刊论文]-实用医学杂志2002,18(2)10. 符莹 环孢素A在难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的应用[期刊论文]-实用儿科临床杂志2004,19(11)
引证文献(8条)
1.谭洁.李汉冲 特发性血小板减少性紫癜与幽门螺杆菌感染的临床分析[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志 2007(7)2.刘冰.吕晓娴.焦阳 特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系[期刊论文]-中国实用医刊2010(20)
3.陈令松.张秋荣.李兰云.曹若男.宋文伟 基因重组白细胞介素-11治疗难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜和再生障碍性贫血[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志 2006(23)
4.刘冰.吕晓娴.焦阳 特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系[期刊论文]-中国煤炭工业医学杂志 2010(8)
5.阿布力克木·阿布拉.哈力达·亚森.热衣拉·艾力尤甫 特发性血小板减少性紫癜骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系[期刊论文]-新疆医科大学学报 2010(9)
6.孔荣.邱宏春.吴鹏飞.王勇 骨髓巨核细胞数及血小板4项参数在特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者中价值[期刊论文]-临床荟萃 2011(2)
7.肖红.卢美蓉.苏保勤 特发性血小板减少性紫癜骨髓巨核细胞数与预后关系[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2006(14)
8.肖红.卢美蓉.苏保勤 特发性血小板减少性紫癜骨髓巨核细胞数与预后关系[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2006(14)
引用本文格式:朱雄鹏.陈志哲 难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2004(7)
文章编号:1005—8982【2004)07—0083—05
・综述・
难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展
朱雄鹏1综述,陈志哲1审校
(1-福建泉州市第一医院,福建泉州362000;2.福建医科大学附属协和医院,福建福州350001)
关键词:难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜;治疗进展中国分类号:R554.6
文献标识码:A
Advanceofthetreatmentinrefractoryidiopathict
hrombocytopenic
purpura
ZHUXiong—pengReview,CHENZhi—sheExamine
(1.TheFirstHospitalofQuanZhou,Quanzhou,Fufian362000,P.R.China;2.TheAffiliated
Union
Hospital,FujianMedical№面emi咿,Fuzhou,Fwian
350001,P
R.China)
Keywords:ITP;Treatmentadv∞ce
CLC
number:R554.6
Doellmentcode:
A
Idiopathicthmmboeytopenie
purpura(ITP)is
all
forthesakeofmaintainingsafestandardofplatelet
a-
acquiredhemorrhagicdiseasecommonlyseen
inclinic
mount(>30×109/L).Refractory
ITPisverydifficult
practice.Singleor
manifoldanti—platelet
autoantibod—
to
therapy,nOWreviewtherelevantreferencesin
recent
iesexistin
hnmanbedy,theyaffectimmediatelyⅡb/Ⅲ
years・
a
compoundofglycoprotein
platelet(GP),consequent—
lImmuneinhibitorsly,causeplatelet
to
decreasedueto
retieuloendothelial
system(RES)destroyingplatelet….So
itisalsocalled
1.1
Methylprednlsoloneimmunethrombocytopenicpurpura.Cortexhormoneis
Hi出一dose
ofmethylpmdnisoloneiscapableof
re-
preferred
as
its
conventional
treatment(prednismae),
strainingapparentlythefunctionsofreticuloendothelial
mostscholarsthinkthat
spleneetomy
should
beper-
system(RES),thereby
decreasesthe
destroyingof
formedas
soon
fits
possiblewhen
COrteX
hormoneisinva-
platelet.Common
method:methylprednisolone
15
mg
lid
or
resistant,hemorrhagearerefractory
or
even
dan-
(kg・d),iv
bydrip,3d,effectiverateisabout50%;
gerous
to
life(cranium
internalhemorrhage).Sosome
ifintravenous
injection
ofinmmnoglobulinis
applied
scholarsthinkthatitisrefractoryifCortexhormone
and
simultaneously,curativeeffectwillbebetterandplate—
splenectomy
tire
of
no
effect.However,Kapatkins。21
et
letwillincreasemorerapidly。。.ItisgenerallybelievedalconsiderthatrefractoryITPshouldmeanthoseadultthathigh——doseofmethylprednisoloneintravenousin—
patientswhoshOWirresponsivitytoCOrtexhormoneorre—
jection
is
appliedtotreat
thoseITPpatients
as
emergen—
quirequitehigh—doseof
prednisone(>10—15“g)
cy
salvage
and
preoperativemedicationwhenconven—
tional
treanrlent
is
ineffective【引.
Reeeived
date:Feb
18.2003
1.2
Leurocristine,vincristin(VCR)
Methodsofadministrationof
VCRinclude
two:
・83
ChinaJoumat
of
ModemMedicine
Vol14
一——————’——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————h_——一
First:VCR0.02
mg(kg‘week),iv
or
iv
bydripfor6
suggested:Postoperativefatalinfection
cause
may
occur
be—
~8h,4~6weekeveryperiodoftreatment,Second:
ofrescetingsimultaneouslytheonly
partwhich
Platelet
is
incubatedtogetherwithVCRinvitrobefore
producesopsenin;Long—termcurativeeffectofsple—
injectingintothepatient,plateletloadedwithVCRis
neetomyisquestionablein
quently,authorsasserted
many
researches.Conse.
should
swallowedbysingh—nucleusmacrophagesystem,andthenVCRisreleased
to
that
spleneetomy
be
not
killmacrophageanddestroyits
platelet
destruction.
totreat
performed
2_2
whenallothermethodsareusaless,ate
functions,causingdecreasingin
preferredtreatment.
Spleenarea/rrad/at/onSpleen
area
Alan。’+etalappliedVCRunitedwithplateletrefractory[TPpatientsincluding6effectsofVCR1.3
are
11
CR.Maindiseases.
side--
irradiationwasinitiallyapplied
totreat
peripheral
nelT,re
chroniclymphocyteleucocythemia/leukemiaandBurkitt§lymphoma/malignantlymphoma.Pathology
to
CyclosporlnCsAis
a
A(CsA)
immuneinhibitor,itsfunctionis
confirmed
strong
thatspleenshrinkedandIostfuncdonsafterirradiation.Subsequently,Spleenplied
to
area
restrainTlymphocytefromgeneratinginterleukin2(IL
irradiation
were
was
gradually8p—
一2),preventing
ceils.CsA
is
IL一2fromactivatingcytotoxicityT
treat
thosepatientswho
hormone—-resist—
alsocapableofobstructingtheactivatedT
recipient,restrainingT
et
ant
or
hadgreatoperativerisk.CalvedeyEg]etalreposed
S,1.ea
ceilsfromexpressingIL一2cellsfromgeneratingal
19nTpatientswhohadundergonespleention,whose
agewas
irradia—
1一interferon(1FN).Emilia”1w∞apphed
to
57~92yearsold.Thedosewas
CaSeS
reperted
thatCsA
treat
8
cases
with
600cGY/time,b.j.w,6weeksina11.8andhadp丑rtdalresponse,4leviatedformore
cases
improved
autoiBmmnediseasesdepending
on
immune
inhibitors,
5
were
continuouslyal-
11easeswithirradiationare
including41TPpatientswhoseCsAdosage
was
no
mg(kg
effect2
than
one
yearamong
aEea
・d),deliveredtwice;if
treatmentwas
to
of
chronicⅡP.Side—effectsofspleenstight,hutitmay
cause
weekslater,dosagewasincreased
treatment
was
10
nag(kg・d);if
a
adherencebetweenspleenand
aretoarea
re—
ineffeetive4weekslater.withdrawal.Asitssurroundingtissues.SothepatientswhoceivespleneetomyshouldnotundergospleenarianinelⅢ,eadllererteeresultsin
result。3
cases(75%)werecompletelyalleviated,1
irradi—
estse(25%)waspartlyalleviated,buttheyneededtak—
ingmedicinein22.1
a
operative
difficulties
longtime
to
maintain.
and
3
eveH
oomplieations.
Splenectomyandirradiation
Srlenectomy
Kaznelsenfirsttreatedidiopathicthrombeeytopenic
Antibodyagents/prelmrations
3.1
ltlttravenol4¥injecaonof
immunoglobulin
(nqG)
CommondosageofIVIGistotally2.0tedin2days
or
purpura(ITP)by
not
spleneetomyin1916.Spleenresectiong/kginjec—
only
reseetedtheproducingplaceofplateletanti-
5days.Itwassubsequentlyreported
body,butalsoremovedthelocationdestroyingplatelet,hi出el'toisstill
a
thattittledosageofday,0.8g/kgin1
IVIG(total
or
amountis1.0g/kginl
increasedplatelet
safeandeffectivetherapeuticmethod
rate
2
days)also
two
0fthisdisease.itsalleviating
men
is60%—Bo%.Com—
rapidly.Godeau…compared
(0.5
g/kgandl.0
kindsoftittledosage
cayles
techniquesofspleenresectioninclude:Open
Sple—
is
g/kg)ofMGusedtotreat37
to
neetomyf0s)andLapasosoopicSplanectomy(LS).It
preBenfly
consideredthat
curative
LS
has
rrP(PI口<50×109/L.were
highriskof
was
receiveoperation
or
had
advantagesoflittle
recoveryandless
wound,goodeffect,rapid
1.0
bleeding),result:inthefourthday,dosageg/kgand0.5吕/kg,alleviatingratio(>80×
complications,etc.Therefore,itis
to
especiallyapplicable
a
109/L)was12/18(66.7%)and4/19(21.1%)(P=0.005)respectively.Ifitwasuselessinthefourthday,subsequentdosageofWIGwas1.5g/k1∥kg,its
or
thoseoldandchildrenpatients,andhas
tendency
all
ofreplacing
OS∽However,spleen
meolls
resectionisin。
jufingtherapeutic
aftera11.BallWR…recently
84・
alleviatingratiowas11/13,2/6.Thealleviatingratioof
No.7
ZHU
Xlong—pens,etal:AdVance一theIreatmcntinrefractoryidiopathicthromboeytopeni。purP“m
——————————————————————————一———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————一
thewholegroupwas
78%inthe8th
day(no
differencecl-iaotie
immunization(ⅡP).Its
mechanism:Itisbe.
betweenthetWO
group).The
writer
pointed
out
thatthe
1ievedthatITPis
a
diseasecloselyrelevanttoprolifera—
curative
effectof1g/kgdosagewa¥betterthanthatof
tion
abnormalityofB
cells;rituximab,combined
with
0.5∥kgdosageinthefirstseveral.days;higherdosageelY20+B,inducesantibody—introducedcytotoxicity,ofⅣIGwasStill
effectiveintllosepatientswhoshowed
complement—introducedeytotoxJcityandapoptosis(ge—
no
response
to
1∥ksdosage.Itis
generaUybelievedqueneing
decease)toeliminateBlymphocytewithther—
thatplateletrisesrapidlyin5—10daysafterintravenous
apoutic
purpose
achieved.Stasiil7j
et
al
repoaed
that
injection
ofimmunoglobulinandlastsfor1~3weeks,
rituximabwaft,appliedto
treat
25
cases
refractoryITP;but
can
1
persist.IVIG
eala
beappliedforemergent
method:dosageofrituximabwas
375
ms/m2,iv
by
treatment,preoperativepreparation
ofsplenectomy
or
drip,inthe
first,eishth,fifteenth,twenty—second
predictionof
su皤cal
outcome
becauseof
expensive
day;result:CR(platelet>100×109/L)5cases,PR
therapeuticCOSt
andshorttimeoflastingplatelet。”。
(platelet50~100×109/L)5
cases.totalremissive
rate
3.2
Anti—Rh(D)immunoglobulin
40%.infusion—correlatedside—effectswereslightand
Themeehnismof
anti—Ida(D)immuuoglohulin
didntaffect
treatment.Therefore,the
authorbelieved
(anti—Dantibody)is
to
restrain
indirectlybiological
thatitisreasonable
to
use
fituximab
totreatrefractoryactivity
ofreticuloendothelial
system(1IES),obstruct
1TP.Saleh㈨also
appliedrimximab
totreat
13patients
FCRfromcombining
relevant
antibody
compound
of
withrefractory1TP,patientsintheresearch
were
divid—
platelet—platelet,consequentlyavoidrelevantantibodyedintothreegroups:thefirstgroup:3cases.dosage50compoundofplatelet—plateletfrombeingswallowedbymg/m。inthefirstday,150ms/m2inthe
ei曲th,fifli—macrophage/histocyte;its
next
functionisimmunead—
eth,twenty—secondday;thesecondgroup:3c∞es,justrnent.Its
presently—recormnendeddosageis50mg
dosage150mg/m2inthefirstday,375
m#m2
inthe
(kg・time),injects
once
oronce
every
day,lastsfor3
eighth,fiftieth,twenty—secondday;thethirdgroup:—4
days.Searadarou㈨appliedanti—Dantibodyto
7
cases(1
cases
stillbeing
treated),dosage
375ms/1TI。
treat
272patients,withplateletincrease
of72%pa—
in
theeighth,fiftieth,twenty—secondday.Results:
tients
by20×109/Landplateletincreaseof46%pa—
noneof
cases
in
thefirstsmall—dosagedgroup
was
alle-
tients≥50×109/Lafter2—3
days;platelet
increasein
elated;3/9(33%)cEses
were
alleviated(including
1
50%effectualpatientslastedfor>21d,completealle—CRand2
PR)in
thesecondandthirdgroupwithdos—
viationamong
some
patientslastedformore
t}lan
one
age
nearor
equal
to
fulldosage.Mainside—effects:fe—
year.Somepeopleused75
mg(kg・d)anti—Dantibod-
ver,fearing—cold.Thisresearchis
beingperformed
Yto
treat
adultpatientswithITPbyintravenous
injee-
and
itstotalalleviatingrate,clinicalparametersrelevant
tion,suggestingthatplateletincreaseofthisdosagewasto
alleviationandpotentialmechanismofresponse
re-
more
rapidthanthatof50
nag(kg・d),and
remissive
quirebeingfurtherclarified.butithasundoubtedlyan—time
was
longer.Side—effects:slightextravaseularbe-
sweredman)rimportantproblemsinrelation
to
rituximab
molysis,slightbilirubinincrease,temporarypositivity
intreatingITPandotherauto—immunediseases.
ofCoombstest,chiliinveryfewpatients.4
Olthers
3.3
Rituximab
RittLximahisanti--CD20-Bhuman——rat--gem—4.I
Interferon(IFN)
phosisedmoneclonalantibody,andisalsoa
medicine
Proctor
et
alfirst
applied
IFNtotreatⅡPwith
firstauthorizcd
to
treat
cancer
byFDAinUSA.Itsef-goodeffectsin
1989,andinthe
nextyearsummarizedfeetivenessintreatinglowmalignantnon—Hodgkin0
experiences
in
applyingIFN
to
treat
33patientswith
lymphomahasbecn
confirmedt…“.Recently.clinical
1TP.Met}lads:IFN3mimonunits,bysubcutaneousin-materia】sshawedthattituximabWaS
alsoeffeetive
to
jection,tiw,12times
as
a
course.Thetotaleffective
seineextentll5,16]in
treating
those
diseasescorrelating
ratewas
69%,butonlyfewpatientswhoseplateletin—
ChitinJoum}dof
ModemMedicine
Vd14
crease
was>200×109/Landlastedfor3
mollt}ls:
ne
dosagewas100ms/d,P.o,75mg/dinoldpa.
not
plateletincreaseofmostpatientsw踮>30×109/Lbut<100×10’/L
tients;results:invalid:33cases(50%),could
crate
tol—
and
lastedfor6weeks
or
so-plateletde.
keeping
on
medication;complete
or
part
remis.
creasedinfewpatientsmadbleedingsymptomaggrava・
sion:3310’/L
was
eases(50%);the
21
mediumtimeofPIJT>50×
out
ted.Afterwards.rujimura…applied
were
rlFNa一2b
totreatwas
days.Theam出orpointed
thatDPS
50patientswithrefractoryITP.Patientsinthisresearch
dividedintothreegroupsrandomly:thefirstgroup20
capableofmakingplateletattainsafestandardin
a
halfofpatientsmadlastforpatientsrecurred
longertime,butnearlyall
cases,low—dose,1.5miUionunits,hysubeutAnleousin—
afterwithdrawal.Themechanismof
sys.
jection,tiw,4weeks
in
all;thesecondgroup21
cases,
DPSiscompetitiveinhjbitionofreticuloendotbolial
llig}1一dose,3millionunits,bysubcutaneous
injection,
weeks
tem(RES),instead
duction.
ofaffectingplatelet
antibodypro—
Ⅱw.4weeksinall;thethirdgroup9cases.10ngcourac,3millionunits,bysubcutaneous
injection,qw,83"osumuptheabove—mentioned,refractory1TPmaybetreatedfirstby
ina11.Results:plateletofpatientsinthefirstandsecond
group
high—doseofdexamethasone,
or
began
to
riseafterone—weektreatment,arrived
at
methylprednisolone,IVIG,leurocristine
anti—Dan—
thehighestin
the岫rd
x
andsecondweekrespectively.but
rate
tibody;Splenectomy
cinesare
may
heappliediftheabovemedi—
allsurpassed50
109/L.effectivewas33.3%and
useless;Cyclosporin
A(CsA),intelfemn
can
20.0%.plateletgaduallydecreasedafterwith&awal.
Theeffectivepatently
rate
(IFN)dapsone(DPS)or
splenectomyisineffective
6tuximah
or
beselectedif
inthethirdgroupwas66.7%with印一
ITP
recurs.
hi#erthanthetwoabove—mentionedgroups,
or
meanvalueofplatehitwas60×109/L
pose
so.Authorpro—
u—
that8一weektherapeutics(rlFNa一2b.3million
a
[1]rangR,HadZC.Pathogenesis∞dIHqenlcn[of
th—bocytopeciepurpum:∞Ul吐tteEJ]Int
—24
chronicidiopathic
nits,qw)is
preferableschemeforchronicITP.Side—
J
Hemtol,2000,71:18
effectsofIFNa:slightinfluenza—llkesymptominmost
patients,temporary
tients;but
no
leucocyte
decrease
in
part
ofpa-
[2]KnpatkJnS.Autalmmune(idiopathic)throtnbocflopenic
[J].Lancet.1997,349:1531—1536[3])d∞Hhua
to
acute
pu∞um
apparentside--effectintreatingcrrP.On
an
Cumfveeffectobsexvationof
R—dobm抽plus
hormone
thewhole,IFNis
effectivemedicineforrefractoryITP
.
8evemidiopathicthrmnbocytopenicpurPum[J].Chinatour-
withslightside—effects.
4.2
nalofMod目:n
Medicine.2000,11(101:85—87
Dapsone(DPS)
Duramd
et
141‰dⅢB,Zini删,SehaefferA,etdHigh—d∞eMefoypred-
nisolⅢaeis811tdtemati’,et陀咖邮cforadultswithautcimmunethiom-
boc”op“。pupumrefrraetory
ral
to
alfirstreportedthatonlyDPSwasused
intmven¨s
immunoglobulias
md∞
totreat
oldpatientswithrefractorychronicITP.Meth—
to
corfieostercids[J]AmJHematol,1995,48:282—284.
al
Thetrcmnacnt
ods:75mg/d,P.o.,result:plateletincreasedup
[5]AlanYS,BymesJJ.HmTinstonWJ,et
icthrmnbeeytopenia
ofidiolmth・
middlelevel,thetimeofthegreatestcurativeeffectwas11—45days(average32
withinbl口line-loaded
platters[J].NE珥】
days),effective
time
lasted
[63
Med.1钾8,298:1lOl一1107
EmiliabyBr
G.M∞.soraC,LongoG,Ⅱa/.Long—term
autcimmune
sa/vagetreatment
for2~48monthsfmediumwas16.6months).Her—
eycl∞porininrtffraetoryJ
haematohigiea]disorders[J]
nandes[驯etalreportedthatDPS(1130mg/d)wasused
to
treat
Hae眦t01.1996.93:341-344.
N,Mayor
E.Laparcecopie
15
cascs
witllrefractorychronicrI甲in1~3l
rate
[7]Katkhouda
North
Splenectomy[J].Surg
Clin
months.withalleviating
40%.Itwasbelieved
ac-
AM,2000.80:1285—1297.
6n
cording
to
theresearchthatthismedicinewascheap
and
to
【8]B部踟LLong—term啪I聊他dspler州hmv
cytopenic
idio怔hie岫嘶‰-
littleside—effects,exceptforhemolyticanaemiaduehigh—dose.Greater
serialsofresearches
were
purptwa[J].Sen-lnHernatol,2CC0.37(1suppll):筮一25
TG,etal
Splenic
radiationfor
Intem
[9]CalverhiyDC,JonesGW,Kektan
corticosteroid—resistant
immune
per-
thmmboeytapenia[t].Ann
formedbyEnglishscholamexperiencesofapplyingDPS
GodeanB驯,who
to
treat
reported
Med.1992,16:977—981.
66caseswithITP.
f10]Godeau
B,Caulier
MT,DecuypereL,et
alIntravenous
・86
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————一—————————————————————————一~
N。一
zHu
xj。”g-PengRe访ew,EHEN
Zhi—zhe
Examine:Advanceofthetttattnentin
refractory
idi。pathict
hrombocyt叩eIlic
pulpura
inmmnoglobin
for
adultswith
autalmmunethrombocytopenie
pttr-【16]MowBM,HookCC.Pdtuximab
forthe
treahnent
ofrefractory
puts:resultsof
a
randomized
trim
cmnpating0.5
and
lg/kg
bw.
immune
thromboeytopanie
ptmpura_e.asereport.Bl004
1999;94
mJHaenmt01.1999:107:716-719
(suppl):3526-3531.
11】Law
C,Marcaccio
M,Tam只et
at.High.10se
Intravenousim.『17]st丑slRPaganoA,Stipa
E,etalRituximabehimeric
anti—CD20
mane
globulinand
theresponse
to
spleneetomy
in
patients
with
monoolor,al
antibody
treatmentfor
aduhwith
chronicidlopathic
idiopathic
thrombooytoponie
purpura-N
EnslJ
Med,1997;336:
【hmmb”yIopeni。purpura.Blood,2001;98:952~957.
1494—1498
f181Saleh
MN,GutheilJ,MooreM,eta1.A
pilot
studvoftheanti—
121
ScaradavouA,WooB,Woloski
BM,eta1.Intraveneous
anti—D
CD20
monoclonal
antibodyritualmab
in
patients
with
refractorytreatmentof
immune
thrombocytopenicpurpura:expefienee
in
immunethromboeytopenJe.SeminOncol。2000;27(6
suppl
t21:
272
patients.Blood,1997;8垒2689—2700
99-103
13]CzuzcnmnMs.GtiHo-fop既AJ,Whit
CA,et
alTreatment
of
』19】FujimuraK
Takafuta
L
Kepriya
S,et
alRecombinanthuman
patientswith
low—grade
B-celllymphoma
with
the
combination
interferona—2b乩IFN
a-2b)therapy
for
steroidresistantidio.
of
chimericanti-CD20Monocfonal
antibody
and
CHOP
pathie
thmmboeytoperfie
purpura(ITP)Am
J
Haemotal,1996;5l:
Chemothempy.1Clin
Oncol,1999;17:269—276.37—41川Hainsworth
JD,Burris
HA,MorrisseLH,etal
Rituximab黼
[2埘HemandezE
LinaresM,Colomina
P.etalDapsoneforre矗acto.
clonal且ntihody
as
initial
systemic
therapyforpatients
with
low—
ry
chronic
idiopadtiethrombocytopeniepurpara
Br
J
Haematol,
grade
non-Hadgkinlymphoma.Blood.2000;95:3052—3056
1995;90:473—475.151
RatanatharathornV,Carson
E
Reynods
c.etal
Anti.-CD20[211
G0deau
B,Durand
JM,Franeoise腿et
al
Dapsone
forchronicchimericmonoclonal
antibody
la'9atment
of
refractory
immune-
autoimmune
thtombocytopeniepurpura:a
reportof
66
c髂es.Br
J
mediatedthrombooytoponia
in
a
patient
with
chronicgraftver-
HaematoL1997;97:336-339
sus-host
disease
AnnIntent
Med.2000;133:275-279
(Edited
by
ZOU
Xian—de)
(上接第82页)
米技术的安全性。有人表示,纳米技术研究是人类历对纳米技术的安全问题表示关注,美国国会也在讨史上首次能够在技术成熟并形成产业之前,就有机会论纳米技术管制法案,美国国家科学基金会已拨出清楚地了解其对环境和人类健康影响的一项新课题。
200万美元资助科学家对纳米技术的社会后果进行研究,美国国家环保局今年也得到了600万美元专参考文献
项经费,用以研究纳米材料对环境的影响。
【1】Committee
for
the
Review
ofthe
National
Nanotedmnlogy
Initia—虽然现在人们还不能断定纳米粒子进人大脑并tire:SmallWonders.EndlessFmntiem:A
Review
of
the
Nation—堆积起来会产生何种影响,但是纳米物质应用的安al
Nanoteehnolo盯Initiative,NationalAcademy
Press,June
2002.
全性旱就成为那些对纳米研究持谨慎态度的研究人【2】2张阳搏“纳米生物技术现状与展望”斟技13报.2001,11月05
日
员所关注的问题。去年,美国赖斯大学生物和环境纳【3]3
Luo
P,ZhangYD,PengJ,et
al
Biomsorbableself_settthg
in—米技术中心主任维基・考尔文在一次接受采访时就jeetable
nanobone
putty皿ZhangGun
Xian
Dal
Yi
XueZa
Zhi,
引用了两条需要重视纳米材料的理由:一是纳米材2003
13(1【811—10
Chinese料甚小,他们可能会进入人体中那些大颗粒材料所[4】Suhcomatittee
oil
Nannseak
Science,EngineeringandTechnology:
不能抵达的区域,如正常细胞;二是在纳米量级,材National
Nanoteehnology
Initiatlve:TheInitiative
andIts
Imple—
mentationPlan,Natiomd
ScienceandTechnologyCouncil
料的性质会有不同的表现。研究人员并不知道如何July
2003
将纳米材料从人体中清除,也不知道它们会不会在[51张阳德,彭健藏阿霉素磁性白蛋白纳米粒:一种高效靶向抗肿
人体中降解或堆积。
瘤系统【J】中国现代医学杂志,200l,I1(3):39-42
在没有完全了解纳米技术安全性的情况下,有【6]毛磊.“美国会立法用以促进纳米技术的研究开发”.2003年5月
人提出应暂停纳米研究。然而,这种呼吁和纳米可能8日
有害的发现都无法阻挡2003年全球纳米研究的步【7]ForScience。Nanotoch
Poses
BigUnknown,02/01/2004,Rick
Weiss,Washington
Post
Washington,DC
伐,支持纳米技术的大多数政府机构和研究人员并【8J8
Nallofe(=hno】‘w:the
next
industrial
revolution?Royal
Soe3ety
没有高度重视纳米技术这把”双刃剑”的负面。去News.2
February
2004.
年,纳米研究成果可谓层出不穷,令人目不暇接。
【9]Our
MolecularFuture:How
Nanoteehnology,Robotics,Genetics,
不过,面对奥伯多斯特等人的新发现,包括政府and
Artificial
lmelHgenceWillTransform
Our
World,Douglas
Mulhall,PrometheusBooks,Amherst,NewYork,2004
和研究人员在内的纳米研究热衷者也许应该重视纳
(欧阳洋编辑)
87-
难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展
作者:作者单位:刊名:英文刊名:年,卷(期):被引用次数:
朱雄鹏, 陈志哲
福建泉州市第一医院,福建,泉州,362000中国现代医学杂志
CHINA JOURNAL OF MODERN MEDICINE2004,14(7)8次
参考文献(21条)
1.Yang R;Han ZC Pathogenesis and management of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura:an update 2000
2.Kapatkin S Autoimmune ( idiopathic ) thrombocytopenic purpura[外文期刊] 1997
3.Xiao Lihua Curative effect observation of R -globulin plus hormone to acute severe idiopathicthrombocytopenic purpura 2000(10)
4.Godeau B;Zini JM;Schaeffer A High - dose Methyprednisolone is an alternative treatment for adultswith autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to intravenous immunoglobulins and o ralcorticosteroids[外文期刊] 1995(4)
5.Ahn YS;Byrnes JJ;Harrington WJ The treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenia with vinblastine -loaded platelets 1978
6.Emilia G;Messora C;Longo G Long -term salvage treatment by cyclosporin in refractory autoimmunehaematological disorders[外文期刊] 1996
7.Katkhouda N;Mayor E Laparoscopic Splenectomy[外文期刊] 2000
8.Bell WR Long - term outcome of Splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 2000(37)9.Calverley DC;Jones GW;Kekton TG Splenic radiation for corticosteroid- resistant immunethrombocytopenia 1992
10.Godeau B;Caulier MT;Decuypere L Intravenous immunoglobin for adults with autoimmune
thrombocytopenic purpura:results of a randomized trial comparing 0.5 and lg/kg b.w[外文期刊] 199911.Law C;Marcaccio M;Tam P High-dose Intravenous immune globulin and the response to splenectomy inpatients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura[外文期刊] 1997
12.Scaradavou A;Woo B;Woloski BM Intraveneous anti-D treatment of immune thrombocytopenicpurpura:experience in 272 patients 1997
13.Czuzcman Ms;Grillo-lopez AJ;Whit CA Treatment of patients with low-grade B-cell lymphoma with thecombination of chimeric anti ~CD20 Monoclonal antibody and CHOP Chemotherapy 1999
14.Hainsworth JD;Burris HA;Morrisse LH Rituximab monoclonal antibody as initial systemic therapy forpatients with lowgrade non-Hodgkin lymphoma 2000
15.Ratanatharathorn V;Carson E;Reynods C Anti-CD20chimeric monoclonal antibody treatment ofrefractory immunemediated thrombooytopenia in a patient with chronio graftversus-host disease 200016.Mow BM;Hook CC Rituximab for the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura-casereport 1999(Suppl)
17.Stasi R;Pagano A;Stipa E Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20monoclonal antibody treatment for adult with
chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura[外文期刊] 2001
18.Saleh MN;Gutheil J;Moore M A pilot study of the antiCD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab inpatients with refractory immune thrombocytopenic 2000(27)
19.Fujimura K;Takafuta T;Kepriya S Recombinant human interferon a-2b (rh IFN a-2b) therapy forsteroid resistant idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) 1996(51)
20.HERNANDEZ F;Linares M;Colomina P Dapsone for refractory chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenicpurpura[外文期刊] 1995
21.Godeau B;Durand JM;Francoise RT Dapsone for chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura:a reportof 66 cases[外文期刊] 1997
本文读者也读过(10条)
1. 汪靖 难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗选择与疗效观察[期刊论文]-现代中西医结合杂志2008,17(20)2. 陶洁.黄颖.李洪强.王婷婷.王晓燕.季林祥.杨仁池 联合化疗治疗成人慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜[期刊论文]-中国综合临床2007,23(6)
3. 肖红.彭秀兰.刘华东.XIAO Hong.PENG Xiu-lan.LIU Hua-dong 重组人白细胞介素-11治疗成人慢性难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜临床观察[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2007,17(8)4. 王雅凡.魏占美 肠结核26例分析[期刊论文]-传染病信息2008,21(2)
5. 黄闯.彭文芳 特发性血小板减少性紫癜86例临床分析[期刊论文]-中国新技术新产品2009(2)6. 许俊峰 早期应用胰岛素对糖尿病患者合并脑梗死肢体功能恢复的影响[期刊论文]-中国现代药物应用2009,3(12)
7. 徐娜.金文波.XU Na.JIN Wen-bo 半月疗法恢复初发2型糖尿病患者血糖稳态的临床研究[期刊论文]-中国实用医药2008,3(9)
8. 朱红魁 肠结核病20例分析[期刊论文]-中国实用医药2006,1(3)
9. 韩智娟.尹松梅 成人难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜治疗进展[期刊论文]-实用医学杂志2002,18(2)10. 符莹 环孢素A在难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的应用[期刊论文]-实用儿科临床杂志2004,19(11)
引证文献(8条)
1.谭洁.李汉冲 特发性血小板减少性紫癜与幽门螺杆菌感染的临床分析[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志 2007(7)2.刘冰.吕晓娴.焦阳 特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系[期刊论文]-中国实用医刊2010(20)
3.陈令松.张秋荣.李兰云.曹若男.宋文伟 基因重组白细胞介素-11治疗难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜和再生障碍性贫血[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志 2006(23)
4.刘冰.吕晓娴.焦阳 特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系[期刊论文]-中国煤炭工业医学杂志 2010(8)
5.阿布力克木·阿布拉.哈力达·亚森.热衣拉·艾力尤甫 特发性血小板减少性紫癜骨髓巨核细胞数与预后的关系[期刊论文]-新疆医科大学学报 2010(9)
6.孔荣.邱宏春.吴鹏飞.王勇 骨髓巨核细胞数及血小板4项参数在特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者中价值[期刊论文]-临床荟萃 2011(2)
7.肖红.卢美蓉.苏保勤 特发性血小板减少性紫癜骨髓巨核细胞数与预后关系[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2006(14)
8.肖红.卢美蓉.苏保勤 特发性血小板减少性紫癜骨髓巨核细胞数与预后关系[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2006(14)
引用本文格式:朱雄鹏.陈志哲 难治性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的治疗进展[期刊论文]-中国现代医学杂志2004(7)