阅读教程第三册答案
Unit 1
I. Reading for information
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C
II. Translation
1. 今天你们将离开培育你们的学术环境，直面真实的世界。
2. 你们即将离开学校，终于可以开始接受教育了。
3. 想找到一位保守的教授，那比要找到一个雪人还难。若想挑战一些有关政治正确性的正统观点，那你将会被冠以一些难听的名号。
4. 如果你不相信我的话，那不妨去问一问那些因追随网络公司是通往财富之路这一理论而破产的人们。现实击碎了他们的梦想。
5. 因此，欢迎你来到我们生活的这个理性的世界。一旦你把那些不切实际的幻想拒之门外，你就会发现这个世界并不是太糟。
III ．summary
1. emerge from, face the real world, go about
2. commitment to, benefit from
3. the enjoyment of reading, was associated with
4. reality, theory, realist, in theory
5. wishful thinking, go for, wind up with, twist and turns
Unit 2
I. Reading for information
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5 .B 6.D
II. Translation
爱是再简单不过的事，这一观点至今仍然十分盛行，尽管大量事实都对此予以否定。几乎找不到任何一种活动、任何一项事业像爱情这样满怀希望地开始，又频繁地以失败而告终。如果换了别的事情，人们一定会急于知晓失败的原因，思量如何才能做得更好，或者干脆放弃。既然人们永远不可能放弃爱情，那么要战胜失败，似乎就只有一个办法可行，那就是探究失败的原因，进而领会爱的真义。
III. Summary
1.a matter of chance, learned about
2. is based on , primarily, how to be loved
3. assumption, the right object
4. leading to, initial excitement, permanent state
5. theoretical knowledge, the mastery of the art
Unit 3
I. Reading for information
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. C
II. Translation
1. 莫顿把《纽约时报杂志》小心地放在腿上，转过那张精致而清瘦的脸对着那人，脸上带着腼腆、歉意的微笑，像在指点学生的错误一般对那男人讲道理。
2. 他那傲慢的话音里透着威胁。
3. 拉里顿时回过神来；他脸上没了那呆愣的表情，开始又哭又闹。
4. 但她内心深处有种感觉，既沉重又无法回避。她感觉这不仅仅是一次不愉快的遭遇，也不仅仅是理性败于武力。
5. 她感觉就像他们三人边走边留下了一路的泥脚印。
6. “如果你管不了这孩子，我来管，” 莫顿一边愤愤地说，一边向着儿子迈了一步。
II. Summary
1. in a park; late afternoon sun
2. contentedly; Times Magazine; sandbox
3. about Larry’s age; enjoying themselves
4. spadeful
5. fight his own battles; stop it; punishing
6. public
7. rarely; reasonableness; proved; had a fight
8. pull; out of
9. irritated; ashamed of
Exercises
I. Answer the following questions.
1. Why did the woman quicken her steps after she saw the author behind her? Because it seemed to her that the author who was a young black man, was too menacingly close to her and made her feel nervous.
2. What does “language of fear” mean in Line 31?
It means the way in which people express their fear. In most cases, it is not a verbal expression, but an action such as hammering down the door locks of the car, crossing to the other side of the street rather than passing the author in a deserted street.
3. Why was the author not conscious of the threat he posed to pedestrians before he was 22?
Because in the place where he grew up, there were a lot of gang warfare, street knifings, and murders, and he was not one of the bad boys.
4. How does the author feel about his being mistaken for a criminal?
He gradually learns to smother the rage and make himself seem less threatening.
5. According to the author, what is the most effective way to reduce tension people feel in his presence?
He believes that whistling melodies from famous composers like Beethoven and Vivaldi can reduce the tension, because people know that a mugger will not do that.
Unit 4
I Reading for information
I. 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A
II. Translation
1. 我们忽略了绝望的婚姻以及那钻心的孤独感。
2. 她那样做着，数年如一日，在入夜之后，在她已记好了账目、支付了账单、照顾好发疼的嗓子，并确保我们已经吃过晚饭之后。
3. 实际上，这是对爱的本质进行判断。
4. 我们营造了安全，又受困于这种安全。
5. 假如作为一个孩子我觉得被剥夺了什么，那仅仅是在有人用一个家应该如何的标准对我们家惊醒衡量的时候。而事实上，我们几乎什么都不缺。
III. Summary
1. perfect family lovely children
2. stayed married made a bargain in any way
3. got divorced uncommon
4. something different trash cans neighborhood
5.t he Department of Social Services rules apply
6. counseled make their own choices
7. neglect
8. judged a fit mother a clean floor an unbalanced meal standards
9. lacked for
10. manage their families love
Unit 5
I.
Reading for information
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5.C 6. B
II. Translation
1. 每年，我们都有很多人翻开婚姻的篇章，追求更美好的生活。
2. 每年大约有一百万起离婚，这就意味着每年大约有一百万个18岁以下的孩子成为离婚家庭的孩子。
3. 其一就是认为离婚对孩子造成的危害只是暂时的，只限于离婚之时，只要父母幸福了，孩子们也会幸福这样的错误观念。
4. 在20世纪四十年代，在我们所生活的布朗克斯的工人阶级社区，离婚基本上是闻所未闻的事儿，是只会发生在那些有钱人或者好莱坞影星身上的事儿。
5. 他说，“当离婚发生时，我们这些孩子就不再是父母优先考虑的对象了；那时，他们双方都开始为自己打算。那是一个家庭的解体，非常令人难过。我要做的就是告诫父母，要做这样的决定一定得慎重，如果可能，就尽量避免离婚。
6. 既然我们的文化不愿意考虑离婚的后果，那么我希望：我们开始奉行一条准则，即成功的离婚就像美满的婚姻一样，也需要付出辛苦和努力。
III. Summary
1. turn the page on
2. grabs people by the collar, bringing home
3. By and large, radar screens
4. staggering, sense of national crisis
5. trouble-free, self-delusion
6. for the sake of, exerted a tempering influence, benefit
7. embedded
8. counseling, hang out with, takes hard work
Unit 6
I. Reading for information
1. B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.C
II. Translation
1. 我定了个规矩，尽可能避免担任任何会被某公众团体审阅的文件的起草人。
2. 如果国王未尽其应尽之职，保护臣民的生命与财产, 反而肆意毁坏他们的生命或财产，那么这样的国王就不再是国王，而是暴君，臣民将不再效忠于他。
3. 他将自己的论证建立在一种尊重人民意愿的，由政府和被统治者共同达成的协议之上，这种论证的方式可能比富兰克林更老练。
4. 在后来所谓的“休谟之叉”理论中，这位伟大的苏格兰哲学家提出了一种理论，对“合成型”事实和“解析型”事实进行区分。“合成型”事实对事实进行描述（如“伦敦比费城大”），“解析型”事实是经由推理和定义证明的事实（如“三角形的内角之和是180度”，“所有单身汉都未婚”）。
5. 不论是有意还是无意，杰斐逊使用“神圣”一词都暗示了该原则——即人人平等，造物主赋予所有人不可剥夺的权利的原则——是一种宗教原则。 III. Summary
1. got the honor of drafting, a momentous task, akin to
2. an attack, announced revolution
3. echoed, notably, propounded
4. peruse, alterations
5. sacred and undeniable, self-evident
6. voting for independence, removed large sections
7. hang together, hang separately
Unit 7
I Reading for information
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. D 6.B
II . Translation
1. 我告诉他，我不相信这样的魔法，我更相信孩子们的辨别力。
2. 为了使对子女的教育变得更容易，我们做父母的往往乐意接受一些会带来很多负面影响的电子工具，这使我感到茫然。
3. 不让我的孩子们接触有关暴力或另类生活方式的讨论，那么他们就不会受到诱惑。
4. 这一承诺并未涵盖聊天室里及公告栏（BBS ）上那些不受监督的观点，这正是许多家长感到害怕的。
5. 我敢打赌，色情内容制作者会很高兴地公开并心安理得地发表他们手上的色情资料。
6. 我认为这些是相当粗陋的工具；对于我自己在家里究竟允许看到什么，这些软件反映的是他人的判断而不是我的观点。
III. Summary
1. debate, shield, from
2. magic, sensitivities
3. electronic tools, eliminate, access
4. demand, ratings, software-filtering
5. turn out, block
6. reflective
7. teaching values
Exercises
I. Answer the following questions.
1. According to the author, which is the essence of education?
According to the author, the essence of education lies in the teaching of facts and reasoning skills to children so that they learn how to think.
2. How does the author define “socialization ” as is used in schools as a teaching method ？
“Socialization ” is to get the student in touch with other children’s feelings rather than with the facts of history, mathematics or geography.
3. What is “Creationism ”? What would be the consequences of teaching evolution and Creationism side by side?
“Creationism ” is a claim based on the Bible that the Earth and all life on it were created in six days. Teaching evolution and Creationism side by side will bring about perplexity.
4. Why does the author think it is absurd to incorporate Creationism into the curriculum?
If Creationism is incorporated into the curriculum, then everything can belong in the curriculum, from flat-Earth theory to Nazi’s claim that the descendants of Aryans are superior to other races.
5. What is “the most ominous implication of the Creationist position” in terms of education?
The most ominous implication of the Creationist position is its belief that, in
judging the truth of an idea, one can simply ignore rational evidence, if it clashes with one ’s desire to believe otherwise.
Unit 8
I. Reading for information
1 A 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 D 6 C
II. Translation
1. 美国最主要的出口商品不再是农产品或工业品，而是其大规模生产的流行文化产品。
2．尽管学界还在为美国流行文化一统天下之利弊争论不休，但在冷战结束后，在许多国家放弃了计划经济，转而采取自由贸易和自由市场的政策之后，美国文化在全世界的渗透已经是不争的事实。
3．多剧院影院本是美国的独特发明，而如今这种影院已遍布欧洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲。
4．直到1991年，人口近10亿的印度还只有全印电视台这一家国营电视台在播放着枯燥无味的节目，而现在，卫星电视已给这片次大陆迅速增加了十几个频道。
5．古巴长期以来一直在努力根除美国影响力的“污染”，但在其北方海岸，非法安装的家用卫视碟形天线已如铝制花朵般遍地绽放，接收着来自资本主义巨人－美国－的体育、新闻和娱乐节目。
6．全球化的消费主义和不断拓展的销售渠道也许会制造出更多的娱乐需求，但这两个原因都不能说明为什么在全球范围内，人们更喜欢美国的文化产品，而不是其他国家――比如说，委内瑞拉、日本或法国――的文化产品。
7．这必然会引出鸡和蛋谁先谁后的问题：究竟是美国流行文化沾了英语的光，还是流行文化推动了英语在全世界的传播。
8．上一代人没能用枪炮打赢的战争现在正依靠电影和光碟赢回来。
9．富裕的、横跨整个大陆的市场为美国公司提供了强大的资金流，使得它们有足够的财力购买最新的电影制作技术、网罗更多的明星、添置更多华丽的服饰、运用更多让观众津津乐道的特效。
10．除此之外，各主要电影公司一般都掌握在大型联合企业中，这项企业的经营范围包括出版、主题公园和其他领域、这使得它们有能力承受制片厂拍出的烂片所造成的不可避免的损失。
III. Summary
1. export, dominance
2. intellectual property, collapse
3. debate, penetration, beyond dispute
4. means, across the board
5. worldwide, virtually, leisure time, disposable income
6. intertwined with, invasion
7. linguistic, reflection, racial
8. competitive advantage, entrée, generates
9. surprising, decades
10. consistently, arms race
11. home market
阅读教程第三册答案
Unit 1
I. Reading for information
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C
II. Translation
1. 今天你们将离开培育你们的学术环境，直面真实的世界。
2. 你们即将离开学校，终于可以开始接受教育了。
3. 想找到一位保守的教授，那比要找到一个雪人还难。若想挑战一些有关政治正确性的正统观点，那你将会被冠以一些难听的名号。
4. 如果你不相信我的话，那不妨去问一问那些因追随网络公司是通往财富之路这一理论而破产的人们。现实击碎了他们的梦想。
5. 因此，欢迎你来到我们生活的这个理性的世界。一旦你把那些不切实际的幻想拒之门外，你就会发现这个世界并不是太糟。
III ．summary
1. emerge from, face the real world, go about
2. commitment to, benefit from
3. the enjoyment of reading, was associated with
4. reality, theory, realist, in theory
5. wishful thinking, go for, wind up with, twist and turns
Unit 2
I. Reading for information
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5 .B 6.D
II. Translation
爱是再简单不过的事，这一观点至今仍然十分盛行，尽管大量事实都对此予以否定。几乎找不到任何一种活动、任何一项事业像爱情这样满怀希望地开始，又频繁地以失败而告终。如果换了别的事情，人们一定会急于知晓失败的原因，思量如何才能做得更好，或者干脆放弃。既然人们永远不可能放弃爱情，那么要战胜失败，似乎就只有一个办法可行，那就是探究失败的原因，进而领会爱的真义。
III. Summary
1.a matter of chance, learned about
2. is based on , primarily, how to be loved
3. assumption, the right object
4. leading to, initial excitement, permanent state
5. theoretical knowledge, the mastery of the art
Unit 3
I. Reading for information
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. C
II. Translation
1. 莫顿把《纽约时报杂志》小心地放在腿上，转过那张精致而清瘦的脸对着那人，脸上带着腼腆、歉意的微笑，像在指点学生的错误一般对那男人讲道理。
2. 他那傲慢的话音里透着威胁。
3. 拉里顿时回过神来；他脸上没了那呆愣的表情，开始又哭又闹。
4. 但她内心深处有种感觉，既沉重又无法回避。她感觉这不仅仅是一次不愉快的遭遇，也不仅仅是理性败于武力。
5. 她感觉就像他们三人边走边留下了一路的泥脚印。
6. “如果你管不了这孩子，我来管，” 莫顿一边愤愤地说，一边向着儿子迈了一步。
II. Summary
1. in a park; late afternoon sun
2. contentedly; Times Magazine; sandbox
3. about Larry’s age; enjoying themselves
4. spadeful
5. fight his own battles; stop it; punishing
6. public
7. rarely; reasonableness; proved; had a fight
8. pull; out of
9. irritated; ashamed of
Exercises
I. Answer the following questions.
1. Why did the woman quicken her steps after she saw the author behind her? Because it seemed to her that the author who was a young black man, was too menacingly close to her and made her feel nervous.
2. What does “language of fear” mean in Line 31?
It means the way in which people express their fear. In most cases, it is not a verbal expression, but an action such as hammering down the door locks of the car, crossing to the other side of the street rather than passing the author in a deserted street.
3. Why was the author not conscious of the threat he posed to pedestrians before he was 22?
Because in the place where he grew up, there were a lot of gang warfare, street knifings, and murders, and he was not one of the bad boys.
4. How does the author feel about his being mistaken for a criminal?
He gradually learns to smother the rage and make himself seem less threatening.
5. According to the author, what is the most effective way to reduce tension people feel in his presence?
He believes that whistling melodies from famous composers like Beethoven and Vivaldi can reduce the tension, because people know that a mugger will not do that.
Unit 4
I Reading for information
I. 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A
II. Translation
1. 我们忽略了绝望的婚姻以及那钻心的孤独感。
2. 她那样做着，数年如一日，在入夜之后，在她已记好了账目、支付了账单、照顾好发疼的嗓子，并确保我们已经吃过晚饭之后。
3. 实际上，这是对爱的本质进行判断。
4. 我们营造了安全，又受困于这种安全。
5. 假如作为一个孩子我觉得被剥夺了什么，那仅仅是在有人用一个家应该如何的标准对我们家惊醒衡量的时候。而事实上，我们几乎什么都不缺。
III. Summary
1. perfect family lovely children
2. stayed married made a bargain in any way
3. got divorced uncommon
4. something different trash cans neighborhood
5.t he Department of Social Services rules apply
6. counseled make their own choices
7. neglect
8. judged a fit mother a clean floor an unbalanced meal standards
9. lacked for
10. manage their families love
Unit 5
I.
Reading for information
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. A 5.C 6. B
II. Translation
1. 每年，我们都有很多人翻开婚姻的篇章，追求更美好的生活。
2. 每年大约有一百万起离婚，这就意味着每年大约有一百万个18岁以下的孩子成为离婚家庭的孩子。
3. 其一就是认为离婚对孩子造成的危害只是暂时的，只限于离婚之时，只要父母幸福了，孩子们也会幸福这样的错误观念。
4. 在20世纪四十年代，在我们所生活的布朗克斯的工人阶级社区，离婚基本上是闻所未闻的事儿，是只会发生在那些有钱人或者好莱坞影星身上的事儿。
5. 他说，“当离婚发生时，我们这些孩子就不再是父母优先考虑的对象了；那时，他们双方都开始为自己打算。那是一个家庭的解体，非常令人难过。我要做的就是告诫父母，要做这样的决定一定得慎重，如果可能，就尽量避免离婚。
6. 既然我们的文化不愿意考虑离婚的后果，那么我希望：我们开始奉行一条准则，即成功的离婚就像美满的婚姻一样，也需要付出辛苦和努力。
III. Summary
1. turn the page on
2. grabs people by the collar, bringing home
3. By and large, radar screens
4. staggering, sense of national crisis
5. trouble-free, self-delusion
6. for the sake of, exerted a tempering influence, benefit
7. embedded
8. counseling, hang out with, takes hard work
Unit 6
I. Reading for information
1. B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.C
II. Translation
1. 我定了个规矩，尽可能避免担任任何会被某公众团体审阅的文件的起草人。
2. 如果国王未尽其应尽之职，保护臣民的生命与财产, 反而肆意毁坏他们的生命或财产，那么这样的国王就不再是国王，而是暴君，臣民将不再效忠于他。
3. 他将自己的论证建立在一种尊重人民意愿的，由政府和被统治者共同达成的协议之上，这种论证的方式可能比富兰克林更老练。
4. 在后来所谓的“休谟之叉”理论中，这位伟大的苏格兰哲学家提出了一种理论，对“合成型”事实和“解析型”事实进行区分。“合成型”事实对事实进行描述（如“伦敦比费城大”），“解析型”事实是经由推理和定义证明的事实（如“三角形的内角之和是180度”，“所有单身汉都未婚”）。
5. 不论是有意还是无意，杰斐逊使用“神圣”一词都暗示了该原则——即人人平等，造物主赋予所有人不可剥夺的权利的原则——是一种宗教原则。 III. Summary
1. got the honor of drafting, a momentous task, akin to
2. an attack, announced revolution
3. echoed, notably, propounded
4. peruse, alterations
5. sacred and undeniable, self-evident
6. voting for independence, removed large sections
7. hang together, hang separately
Unit 7
I Reading for information
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. D 6.B
II . Translation
1. 我告诉他，我不相信这样的魔法，我更相信孩子们的辨别力。
2. 为了使对子女的教育变得更容易，我们做父母的往往乐意接受一些会带来很多负面影响的电子工具，这使我感到茫然。
3. 不让我的孩子们接触有关暴力或另类生活方式的讨论，那么他们就不会受到诱惑。
4. 这一承诺并未涵盖聊天室里及公告栏（BBS ）上那些不受监督的观点，这正是许多家长感到害怕的。
5. 我敢打赌，色情内容制作者会很高兴地公开并心安理得地发表他们手上的色情资料。
6. 我认为这些是相当粗陋的工具；对于我自己在家里究竟允许看到什么，这些软件反映的是他人的判断而不是我的观点。
III. Summary
1. debate, shield, from
2. magic, sensitivities
3. electronic tools, eliminate, access
4. demand, ratings, software-filtering
5. turn out, block
6. reflective
7. teaching values
Exercises
I. Answer the following questions.
1. According to the author, which is the essence of education?
According to the author, the essence of education lies in the teaching of facts and reasoning skills to children so that they learn how to think.
2. How does the author define “socialization ” as is used in schools as a teaching method ？
“Socialization ” is to get the student in touch with other children’s feelings rather than with the facts of history, mathematics or geography.
3. What is “Creationism ”? What would be the consequences of teaching evolution and Creationism side by side?
“Creationism ” is a claim based on the Bible that the Earth and all life on it were created in six days. Teaching evolution and Creationism side by side will bring about perplexity.
4. Why does the author think it is absurd to incorporate Creationism into the curriculum?
If Creationism is incorporated into the curriculum, then everything can belong in the curriculum, from flat-Earth theory to Nazi’s claim that the descendants of Aryans are superior to other races.
5. What is “the most ominous implication of the Creationist position” in terms of education?
The most ominous implication of the Creationist position is its belief that, in
judging the truth of an idea, one can simply ignore rational evidence, if it clashes with one ’s desire to believe otherwise.
Unit 8
I. Reading for information
1 A 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 D 6 C
II. Translation
1. 美国最主要的出口商品不再是农产品或工业品，而是其大规模生产的流行文化产品。
2．尽管学界还在为美国流行文化一统天下之利弊争论不休，但在冷战结束后，在许多国家放弃了计划经济，转而采取自由贸易和自由市场的政策之后，美国文化在全世界的渗透已经是不争的事实。
3．多剧院影院本是美国的独特发明，而如今这种影院已遍布欧洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲。
4．直到1991年，人口近10亿的印度还只有全印电视台这一家国营电视台在播放着枯燥无味的节目，而现在，卫星电视已给这片次大陆迅速增加了十几个频道。
5．古巴长期以来一直在努力根除美国影响力的“污染”，但在其北方海岸，非法安装的家用卫视碟形天线已如铝制花朵般遍地绽放，接收着来自资本主义巨人－美国－的体育、新闻和娱乐节目。
6．全球化的消费主义和不断拓展的销售渠道也许会制造出更多的娱乐需求，但这两个原因都不能说明为什么在全球范围内，人们更喜欢美国的文化产品，而不是其他国家――比如说，委内瑞拉、日本或法国――的文化产品。
7．这必然会引出鸡和蛋谁先谁后的问题：究竟是美国流行文化沾了英语的光，还是流行文化推动了英语在全世界的传播。
8．上一代人没能用枪炮打赢的战争现在正依靠电影和光碟赢回来。
9．富裕的、横跨整个大陆的市场为美国公司提供了强大的资金流，使得它们有足够的财力购买最新的电影制作技术、网罗更多的明星、添置更多华丽的服饰、运用更多让观众津津乐道的特效。
10．除此之外，各主要电影公司一般都掌握在大型联合企业中，这项企业的经营范围包括出版、主题公园和其他领域、这使得它们有能力承受制片厂拍出的烂片所造成的不可避免的损失。
III. Summary
1. export, dominance
2. intellectual property, collapse
3. debate, penetration, beyond dispute
4. means, across the board
5. worldwide, virtually, leisure time, disposable income
6. intertwined with, invasion
7. linguistic, reflection, racial
8. competitive advantage, entrée, generates
9. surprising, decades
10. consistently, arms race
11. home market