江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习 过去将来时的用法小结及
练习
【用法】
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即:过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。判断这种时态的依据是:要有表示过去的“动作”,而不是时间。如:
I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.
我听说他们不久要回到上海。
【构成】
①由助动词“would/should+动词原形”构成,should主要用于主语是第一人称时;would可用于各种人称。如:
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
不论何时我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。
②由“was/were going to+动词原形”构成。如:
No one knew when he was going to come.
没有人知道他什么时候来。
【注意】
①表示“往来”时空变化的短暂性动词如“go, come, arrive, travel, start, begin, leave, move, fly, return, take off”等,通常用过去进行时来表示过去将来。如: He said they were leaving at seven.
他说他们将于七点动身。
一、过去将来时的含义
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。例如:
I didn’t know if he would come.
我不知道他是否会来。
They never knew that population would become a big problem.
他们从来都不知道人口问题将会成为一个大问题。
She didn’t tell me where she would go.
她没有告诉我她要去哪儿。
Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Saturday.
贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。
二、过去将来时的表达法
(一)“would+动词原形”。常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如
He said he would come to see me.
他说他要来看我。
He told me he would go to Beijing.
他告诉我他将去北京。
(二)“was/ were+going to+动词原形”。常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如:
She said she was going to start off at once.
她说她将立即出发。
I was told that he was going to return home.
有人告诉我他准备回家。
此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。例如:
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看来好像要下雨。
(三)come, go, leave, arrive, start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。例如:
He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。
She told me she was coming to see me.
她告诉我她要来看我。
(四)条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如:
I didn’t know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来,但她来了我会告诉你。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn’t work hard.
老师说,如果我不努力学习的话,就很难取得进步。
过去将来时典型错误例析
1. 我们不知道他是否要在会上发言。
误:We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.
正:We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.
析:该句主句为过去时,且宾语从句表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作,所以从句要用过去将来时态。
2. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。
误:The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up. 正:The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.
析:在时间状语从句中,常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。
3. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去农场。
误:They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday. 正:They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday. 析:在条件状语从句中,也常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。
4. 王林打电话告诉她妈妈,她要买一些书。
误:Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books. 正:Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.
析:过去将来时可以由“助动词should/would+动词原形”构成,但should一般只用于第一人称。而would可用于各种人称。
5. 上次我见到你时,你正打算开始乘火车去西藏。
误:Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train.
正:Last time I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train. ②“was/ were about to +动词原形”,可以表示过去即将发生的事情。 如:
The US said that the war on Iraq was about to start in a week. 美国说伊拉克之战将在一周后打响。
I. 选择填空
( )1. —What did your son say in the letter?
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
( )2. I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
A. to come B. is coming
C. will come D. was coming
( )3. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year.
A. took B. would take
C. takes D. will take
( )4. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables.
A. are going to grow B. were going to grow
C. will grow D. have grown
( )5. She ______ to work when the telephone rang.
A. is going B. will go
C. was about to go D. is to go
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future. Key: I. 1-5 DDBBC
II. 1. would visit 2. would not stay 3. would come 4. would slow
一、单选
1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn't arrived yet.
- Well, he said he _____here on time.
A came B would come C can be D will be
2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _____.
A was going to cry B cryed C began to cry D was crying
3 Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.
A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come
4Jenny said she _____her holiday in China.
A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend
二、填空
1 She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
2 I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning. 3 He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
4 Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
答案:1 B 2 A 3C 4 D
1 was leaving 2 would lend 3 would be 4 would help
江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习 过去将来时的用法小结及
练习
【用法】
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即:过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。判断这种时态的依据是:要有表示过去的“动作”,而不是时间。如:
I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.
我听说他们不久要回到上海。
【构成】
①由助动词“would/should+动词原形”构成,should主要用于主语是第一人称时;would可用于各种人称。如:
Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.
不论何时我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。
②由“was/were going to+动词原形”构成。如:
No one knew when he was going to come.
没有人知道他什么时候来。
【注意】
①表示“往来”时空变化的短暂性动词如“go, come, arrive, travel, start, begin, leave, move, fly, return, take off”等,通常用过去进行时来表示过去将来。如: He said they were leaving at seven.
他说他们将于七点动身。
一、过去将来时的含义
过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。例如:
I didn’t know if he would come.
我不知道他是否会来。
They never knew that population would become a big problem.
他们从来都不知道人口问题将会成为一个大问题。
She didn’t tell me where she would go.
她没有告诉我她要去哪儿。
Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Saturday.
贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。
二、过去将来时的表达法
(一)“would+动词原形”。常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如
He said he would come to see me.
他说他要来看我。
He told me he would go to Beijing.
他告诉我他将去北京。
(二)“was/ were+going to+动词原形”。常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如:
She said she was going to start off at once.
她说她将立即出发。
I was told that he was going to return home.
有人告诉我他准备回家。
此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。例如:
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看来好像要下雨。
(三)come, go, leave, arrive, start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。例如:
He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。
She told me she was coming to see me.
她告诉我她要来看我。
(四)条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如:
I didn’t know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来,但她来了我会告诉你。
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn’t work hard.
老师说,如果我不努力学习的话,就很难取得进步。
过去将来时典型错误例析
1. 我们不知道他是否要在会上发言。
误:We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.
正:We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.
析:该句主句为过去时,且宾语从句表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作,所以从句要用过去将来时态。
2. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。
误:The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up. 正:The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.
析:在时间状语从句中,常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。
3. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去农场。
误:They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday. 正:They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday. 析:在条件状语从句中,也常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。
4. 王林打电话告诉她妈妈,她要买一些书。
误:Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books. 正:Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.
析:过去将来时可以由“助动词should/would+动词原形”构成,但should一般只用于第一人称。而would可用于各种人称。
5. 上次我见到你时,你正打算开始乘火车去西藏。
误:Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train.
正:Last time I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train. ②“was/ were about to +动词原形”,可以表示过去即将发生的事情。 如:
The US said that the war on Iraq was about to start in a week. 美国说伊拉克之战将在一周后打响。
I. 选择填空
( )1. —What did your son say in the letter?
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
( )2. I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
A. to come B. is coming
C. will come D. was coming
( )3. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year.
A. took B. would take
C. takes D. will take
( )4. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables.
A. are going to grow B. were going to grow
C. will grow D. have grown
( )5. She ______ to work when the telephone rang.
A. is going B. will go
C. was about to go D. is to go
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she ________(not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future. Key: I. 1-5 DDBBC
II. 1. would visit 2. would not stay 3. would come 4. would slow
一、单选
1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn't arrived yet.
- Well, he said he _____here on time.
A came B would come C can be D will be
2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _____.
A was going to cry B cryed C began to cry D was crying
3 Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.
A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come
4Jenny said she _____her holiday in China.
A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend
二、填空
1 She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
2 I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning. 3 He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
4 Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
答案:1 B 2 A 3C 4 D
1 was leaving 2 would lend 3 would be 4 would help